- I-COBOL isahlala ibalulekile kwiinkqubo zebhanki nakwiinkqubo zikarhulumente, kodwa ijongene nengxaki yokunqongophala komdwelisi.
- I-Java kunye ne-C # zezona zikhetho eziphambili zokutshintsha i-COBOL ngenxa yenkxaso yazo kunye nokuhambelana neenkqubo zanamhlanje.
- Nangona ubudala bayo, i-COBOL isekho kwisalathiso se-TIOBE, nangona iinkampani zanda zifuna ezinye iindlela.
I-COBOL lulwimi lwenkqubo oluneminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 yembali esele ingundoqo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ngakumbi kumacandelo ebhanki kunye norhulumente. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphelelwa kwabo lixesha, ukunqongophala kwabaphuhlisi abakhethekileyo kunye nesidingo esikhulayo sokuphucula izinto zala maxesha kukhokelele iinkampani ezininzi ukuba zikhangele ezinye iindlela ezinokusebenza. Kweli nqaku siphonononga olona khetho lubalaseleyo lokutshintsha i-COBOL kwaye sihlalutye ukufaneleka kwayo kwangoku.
Nangona i-COBOL isekho kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zemishini, iinkampani ezininzi ngakumbi zikhetha ukufudukela kwiilwimi zanamhlanje ezibonelela kakhulu. uguquko, ukusabalala kunye inkxaso banzi. Apha siza kuchaza ukuba kutheni i-COBOL isasetyenziswa, yintoni imingeni yayo ephambili kunye nokuba zeziphi iinkampani ezinokuthi ziguquke.
COBOL: Ulwimi olunembali, kodwa oluneengxaki ezizayo
I-COBOL yazalwa ngo-1959 kwaye yenzelwe ngokukodwa izicelo zoshishino. Ukususela ngoko, iye yaba a intsika esisiseko kwiinkqubo ezininzi zemali, urhulumente kunye neziseko zophuhliso. Kuqikelelwa ukuba eUnited States kuphela, iitriliyoni zeerandi isajikeleza ngeenkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-COBOL.
Ingxaki enkulu ngeCOBOL ilele kwi Ukunqongophala kwabaprogramu abatsha kunye nobunzima bokufumana iingcali ezinokugcina iinkqubo zakudala. Uninzi lwaba basebenzi sele bekhulile, uninzi lwabo sele besidla umhlala-phantsi, nto leyo eyenza ukuqhubeka kwenkxaso yobugcisa kube nzima kakhulu.
Kutheni i-COBOL isasetyenziswa?
- Ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza: I-COBOL ibonakalise ukuba lulwimi olunamandla, olukwazi ukuphatha imisebenzi emikhulu ngaphandle kokusilela okukhulu.
- Ubunzima bokufuduka: Iinkqubo ezininzi ziyilwe ngokupheleleyo kwi-COBOL amashumi eminyaka, kwaye ukufudukela kwiqonga elitsha kunokubiza kakhulu kwaye kuyingozi.
- Ukunqongophala kwesidingo esikhawulezileyo: Ezinye iinkampani zivakalelwa kukuba akukho ngxamiseko yokwenza izinto zangoku nje ukuba iinkqubo zangoku ziqhubeka nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Iindlela zangoku zeCOBOL
Nangona i-COBOL iqhubeka nokusebenza kwiinkqubo eziphambili, iinkampani ezininzi zikhangele ezinye iindlela eso siqinisekiso sikhulu uguquko y inkxaso kwixesha elide
1. IJava: Olona khetho ludumileyo lokuthatha indawo yeCOBOL
IJava ngokungathandabuzekiyo yenye yezona ndlela zingcono zokutshintsha i-COBOL, njengoko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwicandelo lezoshishino kwaye inoluntu oluphuhlisayo olusebenzayo. Iinkampani ezininzi ziye zakhetha ukufudukela kwiinkqubo zazo kwiJava ngenxa yeempawu ezifana nezi:
- Ukuthwala: IJava ixhasa amaqonga amaninzi, ivumela usetyenziso ukuba luqhube kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso olukhulu.
- Inkxaso kunye nokuqhubekeka: Ngokungafaniyo neCOBOL, iJava iyaqhubeka nokuvela ngokuphuculwa rhoqo kunye neenguqulelo ezintsha.
- Ukulula kokudibanisa: Yenza uqhagamshelo olungcono ngoovimba beenkcukacha zangoku kunye neenkqubo ezisekwe kumafu.
2. C #: Enye indlela yangoku ngokudityaniswa kweemeko-bume ze-Windows
Kwiinkampani ezikhangela enye indlela elungiselelwe iMicrosoft ecosystem, iC # lolona khetho lubalaseleyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo nge.NET ivumela ukuphuculwa kwenkqubela phambili ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulahla ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo ze-COBOL zelifa.
Iinzuzo zayo eziphambili ziquka:
- Ukuhambelana okukhulu nezicelo zeshishini: Idibanisa ngokulula kunye nogcino-lwazi lwangoku kunye nezixhobo zolawulo.
- Inkxaso yeMicrosoft: Ukuba yitekhnoloji eqhutywa nguMicrosoft, ukukhula kwayo kunye nokuhlaziywa kuqinisekisiwe.
- Ukwanda kokufumaneka kwabaprogram: Ngokungafaniyo neCOBOL, kukho inani elikhulu labaphuhlisi beC # abanamava.
3. I-Python: Ilungele iinkampani ezifuna ukuguquguquka
IPython ibonakalise ukuba lulwimi oluguquguqukayo nolusebenzayo kwizicelo ezininzi. Nangona ingeyiyo eyona ndawo iqhelekileyo yokutshintsha i-COBOL kwiibhanki nakwimibutho karhulumente, ezinye iinkampani sele ziqalisile ukuyamkela ngenxa ukusebenziseka lula kunye nokukwazi kwayo uku into ezenzekelayo.
Izibonelelo zayo ziquka:
- Ukufundeka nokulula: I-syntax yayo ecacileyo ivumela uphuhliso olukhawulezayo.
- Uluntu olukhulu kunye nenkxaso: Ngolunye lweelwimi ezidumileyo, eziqinisekisa inkxaso eqhubekayo.
- Inkqubo ezenzekelayo: Iluncedo kakhulu ekuphuculeni iinkqubo ezindala ngaphandle kokuzitshintsha ngokupheleleyo.
Zeziphi iindlela ezinokuchaza ikamva le-COBOL?
Nangona ezinye iindlela ezikhulayo, i-COBOL iyaqhubeka nokuma uvavanyo lwexesha. Ngowama-2024, ikwazile ukuhlala kuluhlu lwezona lwimi zingama-20 zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngokwesalathiso seTIOBE. Nangona kunjalo, intsingiselo icacile: i abaphuhlisi abanamava kwi-COBOL iyanyamalala kwaye iinkampani ziba nengxaki ngakumbi nangakumbi yokufuna ukutshintshwa.
Amanye amalinge, afana neenkqubo zoqeqesho ezithile ezivela kwi-IBM kunye neMicro Focus, zizame ukutsala abadwelisi benkqubo abatsha kwihlabathi leCOBOL ngempumelelo ethile. Nangona kunjalo, iinkampani ezininzi zikhetha ukufuduka okuqhubelekayo, ukudibanisa i-COBOL kunye neelwimi zanamhlanje ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
Ikamva leCOBOL aliqinisekanga, kodwa into ecacileyo kukuba iinkampani kufuneka zilungelelanise. Nokuba kukufuduka ngokupheleleyo kwiilwimi zanamhlanje ezifana neJava okanye iC#, okanye ngezisombululo ezixubeneyo, iinkqubo zelifa lemveli kufuneka zibe yeyona nto iphambili. Isitshixo kukufumana i balance phakathi kokugcina uzinzo lweenkqubo zangoku kunye nokulungiselela imingeni yeteknoloji yexesha elizayo.
