Ubunjineli beSoftware luqeqesho olusisiseko olujongene noyilo, uphuhliso kunye nokugcinwa kwesoftware ekumgangatho ophezulu. Ukufezekisa le njongo, kubalulekile ukulandela uthotho lwe izigaba zobunjineli besoftware ezivumela inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo necwangcisiweyo ukuba iqhutywe. Ngezantsi siza kuhlalutya ngokweenkcukacha izigaba zobunjineli besoftware, ukunika iinkcazo kunye neenkcazo ezibalulekileyo ekuqondeni inkqubo. Siza kufumanisa ukuba isigaba ngasinye sinegalelo njani impumelelo yeprojekthi yophuhliso lwesoftware kunye nendlela ezinxibelelana ngayo enye kwenye ukuqinisekisa imveliso esebenzayo nethembekileyo yokugqibela.
Izigaba ezi-6 zobuNjineli beSoftware
Ubunjineli beSoftware yenziwe ngabaninzi izigaba eziphambili eziyimfuneko ukwenza iprojekthi yophuhliso lwesoftware ngokufanelekileyo. Ngaba izigaba zobunjineli besoftware Zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yokugqibela ihlangabezana neemfuno ezibekwe ngumthengi kwaye igcina imigangatho ephezulu. Okulandelayo, siza kuphonononga ngasinye kwezi zigaba ngokweenkcukacha:
1. Uhlalutyo lweeMfuno
Uhlalutyo lweemfuno sisigaba sokuqala sobunjineli besoftware. Kweli nqanaba, iinjineli zesoftware zisebenza ngokusondeleyo nabathengi ukuqonda kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yoxwebhu. Oku kubandakanya ukuchonga iimfuno zabathengi, imisebenzi efunekayo kunye nemiqobo yeprojekthi. Ngesi sigaba, kuphuhliswe uxwebhu lweemfuno oluya kusebenza njengesikhokelo esisisiseko kwizigaba ezilandelayo zobunjineli besoftware. Kubalulekile ukuba olu xwebhu lucace kwaye luneenkcukacha, njengoko luya kuba sisiseko soyilo nophuhliso lwesoftware.
2. Uyilo lweSoftware
Nje ukuba iimfuno zisekiwe, isigaba esilandelayo kuyilo lwesoftware. Kweli nqanaba, ulwakhiwo oluneenkcukacha lwesoftware luyenziwa oluchaza indlela inkqubo eya kwakhiwa ngayo. Amacandelo esoftware, ujongano kunye nokunxibelelana phakathi kwabo ichongiwe. Uyilo lwesoftware lukwabandakanya ukwenziwa kwemizobo kunye neemodeli ezibonisa ngokubonakalayo ubume benkqubo. Ezi zibonisi zibalulekile kuwo onke amalungu eqela ukuba aqonde ukuba iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zesoftware ziya kudibana njani, ziququzelele intsebenziswano ngexesha lezigaba zobunjineli besoftware.
3. Ukuphunyezwa
Isigaba sokuphunyezwa sibandakanya ukukhowudwa kwesoftware ngokweenkcukacha kunye noyilo olusekwe kwizigaba ezidlulileyo. Iinjineli zesoftware zisebenzisa iilwimi zokucwangcisa kunye nezixhobo zophuhliso ukuguqulela uyilo kwikhowudi yomthombo. Ngeli nqanaba, uvavanyo lweeyunithi lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwesoftware. Esi sigaba sibalulekile, njengoko ukuphunyezwa okufanelekileyo kunokunciphisa iingxaki ezinokuhlangabezana nazo kamva kwizigaba zobunjineli besoftware.
4. Uvavanyo lweSoftware
Uvavanyo lweSoftware lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yokugqibela ihlangabezana neemfuno ezimiselweyo kunye nemisebenzi njengoko kulindelekile. Ngeli nqanaba, uvavanyo olubanzi lwenziwa kuzo zonke iinkqubo zesoftware ukuchonga kunye nokulungisa naziphi na iimpazamo okanye iziphene. Oku kubandakanya uvavanyo lokudibanisa, uvavanyo lokusebenza, kunye novavanyo lokwamkelwa kwabathengi. Ukwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo kwesi sigaba kubalulekile, njengoko kuqinisekisa ukuba isoftware ayinazimpazamo phambi kokukhululwa kwayo, inyathelo elibalulekileyo izigaba zobunjineli besoftware.
5. Ukusasazwa
Nje ukuba isoftware ivavanyiwe kwaye ingqinisiswe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, isetyenziswa. Esi sigaba sibandakanya ukufakela kunye nokuqwalasela isoftware kwindawo yemveliso. Iqinisekisa ukuba isoftware ikulungele ukusetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi bokugqibela kwaye utshintsho olugudileyo lwenziwa ukusuka kwindawo yophuhliso ukuya kwindawo yokuvelisa. Ukusasazwa okusebenzayo kubalulekile ekwanelisekeni kwabathengi kunye nokubonwa kwemveliso, kuqaqambisa ukubaluleka kwezigaba zobunjineli besoftware.
6. IMantenimiento
Ukugcinwa kweSoftware sisigaba esiqhubekayo esenzeka emva kokuthunyelwa kwayo. Ngeli nqanaba, uhlaziyo, ukulungiswa kwebug kunye nophuculo lwenziwa. ukuphuculwa kwesoftware ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo ngokufanelekileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ukugcinwa kwesoftware kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuguquguquka njengoko iimfuno zoshishino zikhula. Ngaphandle kokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, neyona software inamandla inokuphelelwa lixesha, igxininisa imfuneko yokulandela izigaba zobunjineli besoftware ngokupheleleyo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neziGaba zobuNjineli beSoftware
1. Yintoni ubunjineli besoftware?
Ubunjineli beSoftware luqeqesho olujongene noyilo, uphuhliso kunye ukugcinwa kwesoftware umgangatho. Isekelwe kwimigaqo yobunjineli kunye nezenzo zokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kweemveliso ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zesoftware.
2. Yintoni injongo yobunjineli besoftware?
Eyona njongo iphambili yobunjineli besoftware kukuphuhlisa isoftware esemgangathweni ehlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi kwaye inikezelwe ngexesha. Injongo kukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuthembeka kunye nokugcinwa kwesoftware kuwo wonke umjikelo wobomi bayo.
3. Zeziphi izigaba zobunjineli besoftware?
Las izigaba zobunjineli besoftware zibandakanya uhlalutyo lweemfuno, uyilo lwesoftware, ukuphunyezwa, uvavanyo lwesoftware, ukusasazwa, kunye nokugcinwa. Ezi zigaba zinxulumene kwaye zenziwa ngokulandelelana ukufezekisa inkqubo yophuhliso lwesoftware.
4. Kutheni uvavanyo lwesoftware lubalulekile?
Uvavanyo lweSoftware lubalulekile kuba lukuvumela ukuba uchonge kwaye ulungise iimpazamo kunye neziphene kwisoftware ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe. Ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwesoftware, iqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno ezisekiweyo kwaye isebenza njengoko kulindelwe.
5. Ukugcinwa kwesoftware kubandakanya ntoni?
Ukugcinwa kweSoftware kubandakanya ukwenza uhlaziyo, ukulungiswa kwebug, kunye nophuculo lwesoftware emva kokuba isetyenzisiwe. Esi sigaba sibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuguquguquka kwesoftware njengoko iimfuno zeshishini ziguquka.
6. Yintoni ukubaluleka kokulandela inkqubo yophuhliso lwesoftware?
Ukulandela inkqubo yophuhliso lwesoftware ecwangcisiweyo necwangcisiweyo kubalulekile ekuphumezeni impumelelo kwiprojekthi yesoftware. Le ndlela ivumela ukuseka ulandelelwano olunengqiqo lwemisebenzi, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wesofthiwe, ukulawula izibonelelo ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuhlangabezana nemihla ebekiweyo.
IKhowudi yeeNqobo zokuziphatha zeNjineli yeeNkqubo zeKhompyutha
Isiphelo
Ubunjineli beSoftware luqeqesho olubalulekileyo namhlanje njengoko uphuhliso lwesoftware luye lwahlala lukhona kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. I izigaba zobunjineli besoftware, ukusuka kuhlalutyo lweemfuno ukuya kulondolozo, sivumele ukuba siqhube iiprojekthi ze phuhliso lwe software ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo. Ngokulandela inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo kunye necwangcisiweyo, sinokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwesoftware enikezelweyo, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisekwe ngumthengi. Ukuqonda isigaba ngasinye kwezi zigaba zobunjineli besoftware kunye nendlela ezinxibelelana ngayo kubalulekile kuphuhliso lwesoftware oluyimpumelelo.