Yintoni iReact? Inkcazo epheleleyo yethala leencwadi eliphambili lophuhliso lwewebhu

EPortada » Phuhliso » Yintoni iReact? Inkcazo epheleleyo yethala leencwadi eliphambili lophuhliso lwewebhu

I-React iguqule uphuhliso lwewebhu Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, iye yaba sesona sixhobo sinamandla nesidumileyo sokwenza ujongano lomsebenzisi oluguquguqukayo, olukhawulezayo, nolunokugcinwa. Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba yintoni kanye kanye iReact, isetyenziselwa ntoni, kwaye kutheni ikhethwe ngumntu wonke ukusuka kwizigebenga ezinje ngoFacebook kunye neNetflix ukuya kwiziqalo ezisakhulayo, ufike kwindawo elungileyo. Kweli nqaku, sityhila ngokupheleleyo yonke imiba ekufuneka uyazi, ukusuka kwimvelaphi yayo ukuya ekusebenzeni kwayo kwangaphakathi, kubandakanya izinto eziluncedo, ukusebenza kwayo, inkqubo yendalo, iimeko zokusebenzisa, kunye nomahluko kunye neReact Native.

Kushishino lwanamhlanje lophuhliso lwewebhu, ukwazi i-React phantse kubaluleke kakhulu.. Ziya zisanda iinkampani nabaphuhlisi babheja kweli thala leencwadi Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, ukusebenza, uluntu olusebenzayo, kunye nokulula kokufunda kwabo sele benolwazi kwiJavaScript. Apha uya kufumana isikhokelo esipheleleyo nekulula ukusiqonda, esibhalwe ngeSpanish, ukuze ube nokuqonda i-ins kunye nokuphuma kwe-React ngendlela ecacileyo nengokwemvelo.

Yintoni iReact kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?

usabela Yiyo ilayibrari yeJavaScript evulekileyo Ekuqaleni iphuhliswe yi-Facebook (ngoku i-Meta) kunye noluntu olubanzi, lujolise ekudaleni i-interfaces yomsebenzisi edibeneyo yewebhu kunye nezicelo zeselula. Eyona njongo yayo iphambili ukuququzelela kunye nokwandisa ulwakhiwo lwemibono yesicelo yangoku ngokusebenzisa amacandelo anokuphinda asetyenziswe kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lombuso kunye nojongano lwengqiqo.

I-React ihlala ibhidaniswa nesakhelo, kodwa eneneni igxile ngakumbi kumaleko wokujonga. Oku kuthetha ukuba Inoxanduva kuphela lokudala kunye nokuhlaziya ujongano lomzobo yesicelo, ishiya umphuhlisi ekhululekile ukuba akhethe iilayibrari ezongezelelweyo zomzila, ulawulo oluphezulu lwelizwe okanye izicelo kwiiseva, ezifana neRedux okanye iReact Router.

I-React yaziswa okokuqala esidlangalaleni kwi-2013, nangona uphuhliso lwayo lwaqala ngaphambili njengesisombululo sangaphakathi kwi-Facebook ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kweendaba zayo kunye neembono ze-Instagram. Ukusukela ngoko, ithala leencwadi likhule kakhulu ekuthandeni nasekusebenzeni, lisiba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sophuhliso lwewebhu olungaphambili.

Imbali kunye nendaleko yeReact

Ukuzalwa kwe-React kwenzeka ngo-2011, xa Injineli kaFacebook uJordan Walke wayila iprototype ebizwa ngokuba yi "FaxJS" Iphefumlelwe yimiba ye-XHP ye-PHP. Isidingo sasicacile: ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-Facebook feed ebusweni bokulungelelaniswa kwe-interface kunye nemiba yohlaziyo olubangelwa zizisombululo ezikhoyo ngelo xesha. Emva kovavanyo oluninzi lwangaphakathi kunye nokwamkelwa kwayo kwi-Instagram, iReact yakhululwa ekugqibeleni njengomthombo ovulekileyo eJSConf US ngo-2013.

Kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala, iReact yakhawuleza yazimisa njengethala leencwadi elikhokelayo, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yoluntu olukhulu lwabaphuhlisi abaqala ukufaka isandla kunye nokuliphuhlisa. Iinkampani ezinjengeNetflix, i-Airbnb, kunye neDropbox zamkele iReact kumaqonga azo, ziyinika umfutho kunye nokubonakala.

Kuyo yonke indalo yayo, iReact iye yazisa uphuculo oluphambili olunje virtual DOM, inkqubo yokuchaza, amacandelo asebenzayo kunye neklasi, kunye nedumileyo Iihokwe (eye yaziswa kwinguqulelo 16.8 ngo-2019), eyathi yatshintsha indlela urhulumente kunye nomjikelo wobomi olawulwa ngayo kumacandelo asebenzayo.

Esinye isiganeko esibalulekileyo yayikukusungulwa kwe Yenzani iNzala Ngo-2015, ukuvumela ukudalwa kwee-apps zomthonyama ze-iOS kunye ne-Android usebenzisa ingqiqo efanayo kunye ne-syntax njenge-React. Kwi-2017, i-Facebook iguqule ilayisenisi yeprojekthi kwi-MIT, iphendula kwiimfuno zoluntu kunye nokususa izithintelo eziye zavelisa ingxabano.

Iimpawu eziphambili zeReact

• Icandelo Ngokusekelwe: Yonke inkqubo yeReact yenziwe ngamaqhekeza azimeleyo, anokusetyenziswa kwakhona abizwa zixhoboEzi zinokusebenza okanye zisekwe eklasini kwaye zigqume ingqiqo, ubume, kunye nesimbo, kukuvumela ukuba wahlule kwaye usebenzise kwakhona amaqhekeza ojongano kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeprojekthi.
• DOM ebonakalayoI-React isebenzisa umboniso okwinkumbulo ye-DOM yokwenyani. Xa ibona utshintsho kwidatha okanye kwimeko, ihlaziya kuphela iindawo eziyimfuneko emva kokuthelekisa umthi omtsha we-DOM kunye nomdala. Oku kuvumela ukuphuculwa okukhulu kwentsebenzo kunye namava omsebenzisi alula..
• I-JSX SyntaxI-JSX lulwandiso lwe-syntactical yeJavaScript eyenza kube lula ukubhala izakhiwo ezifana ne-HTML ngqo ngaphakathi kwekhowudi yeJavaScript, ukudibanisa ingqiqo kunye nomboniso. Inika ukuguquguquka kunye nokufundeka, kwaye yenza lula ukufakwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ze-JS kunye namazwi kwi-markup yecandelo.
• inkqubo yokubhengezaAmacandelo achaza ukuba kufuneka kujongeke njani ujongano kwimeko nganye enokwenzeka, kwaye iReact ikhathalele ukuzihlaziya ngokuzenzekelayo xa idatha itshintsha.
• Indlela enye yokuhamba kwedatha: Idatha idluliselwa ukusuka kumacandelo aphezulu ukuya kumacandelo aphantsi ngokusebenzisa props, ikwenza kube lula ukulandela kunye nokutshintsha utshintsho.
• Ulawulo lukarhulumente: Icandelo ngalinye linokugcina elalo urhulumente, emele "i-snapshot" ethile ngexesha. Ilizwe linokwabelwana ngalo okanye lilawulwe kwihlabathi liphela kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifana neRedux okanye iRecoil kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu.
• Umjikelo wobomi becandelo: I-React inikezela ngeendlela kunye neekhonkco ezikuvumela ukuba wenze ingqiqo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo obomi becandelo: ukudala, uhlaziyo, kunye nokucima.
• I-ecosystem eyandisiweyo nevulekileyoUkusukela ekuqaleni, iReact yamkela umthombo ovulekileyo kunye noluntu olusebenzayo olugcina kwaye luvelisa inkqubo enkulu yendalo yeeplagi, izixhobo, izandiso, kunye nezixhobo zokufunda.

Indlela iReact isebenza ngayo ngaphakathi

Embindini weReact yi virtual DOMXa utshintsho lobume lwenzeka kwicandelo (umzekelo, emva kokucofa iqhosha), i-React ayihlaziyi ngokuthe ngqo i-DOM yomkhangeli zincwadi, eya kuba yindleko kwaye icotha inkqubo. Endaweni yoko, ivelisa uguqulelo lwenyani lweDOM kwinkumbulo, ithelekisa umthi omtsha nomdala (inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba ukwahluka) kwaye isebenzisa kuphela utshintsho oluyimfuneko kwi-DOM eyiyo.

Le nkqubo inciphisa ii-manipulations ze-DOM ezixabisa kakhulu kwaye iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezinohlaziyo oluninzi kunye namacandelo asebenzisanayo. Isiphumo kunikezelo olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo., inqaku elenze iReact yaduma.

Enye ingongoma ephambili kukusetyenziswa kwe JSXNangona kungafuneki, abaninzi abaphuhlisi bakhetha i-JSX kuba yenza ikhowudi iqondeke ngakumbi kwaye idibene, ivumela izinto eziguquguqukayo, imisebenzi, kunye nengqiqo ye-JS ukuba ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-HTML yecandelo, kwaye ikhusela nokuhlaselwa kwe-XSS ngokuguqula iintetho zokukhusela iintambo ngaphambi kokunikezelwa.

Ukuqukuqela okuqhelekileyo kwi-React kukuba: umphuhlisi udala icandelo elinye okanye angaphezulu, achaze imeko yawo kunye neeprops, kwaye achaze kwi-JSX ukuba ujongano kufuneka lujonge njani kwimeko nganye. Xa umsebenzisi esebenzisana (umzekelo, ukuhambisa ifom), i-React updates yesimo esihambelanayo, okubangelwa uhlaziyo olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo lwenxalenye echaphazelekayo ye-UI.

Iindidi zamacandelo kwi-React kunye nomahluko wazo

KwiReact kukho amacandelo asebenzayo kunye neklasiAmacandelo eKlasi sele ede ibe ngumgangatho, kodwa ukususela ekuqalisweni kweekhonkco, amacandelo asebenzayo abe yinto ecetyiswayo kunye neyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu.

• Amacandelo asebenzayo: Le yimisebenzi ye-JS ebuyisela iqhekeza le-JSX. Enkosi kwiihuku (ezinje useState o useEffect), ngoku inokulawula urhulumente, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nobunye ubuchule obuphambili obufumanekayo kuphela kumacandelo eklasi. Ukuntywila nzulu kwindlela yokulawula ukulayishwa kwedatha kunye nokusebenza, unokujonga
  

  Inqaku elidibeneyo:

  Yintoni i-webhook, isebenza njani, kwaye yenzelwe ntoni?: Isikhokelo esipheleleyo
• Amacandelo eklasi: Ezi ziiklasi ze-ES6 ezandisayo React.Component kwaye kufuneka aphumeze, ubuncinane, indlela nikezela (). Lawula urhulumente usebenzisa le.ilizwe kunye nomjikelo wobomi ngeendlela ezifana icandeloDidMount, icandeloDidUpdate y icandeloWillUnmount.

Kule mihla, umkhwa kukubhala uninzi lwengqiqo nge amacandelo asebenzayo namagwegwe, ekubeni ikhowudi ilula, kulula ukuvavanya nokuqonda.

IiProps, State, kunye neLifecycle kwiReact

Props Iipropati yindlela amacandelo afumana ngayo idatha okanye imisebenzi kumalungu awo omzali. Aziguquki ngaphakathi kwecandelo lomntwana, elibonelela ngokuqikelelwa kwaye lenze kube lula ukuqulunqa ujongano oluntsonkothileyo ngokudlula amaxabiso kunye nokufowuna ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye.

imeko (ilizwe) yidatha yangaphakathi kwicandelo, eguqulwayo ngemisebenzi ethile (setState kwiiklasi, okanye useState kwimisebenzi). Ivumela ujongano ukuba lutshintshe ngokuguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe kwizenzo zomsebenzisi okanye eminye imiba.

El umjikelo wobomi Ilungu lecandelo lichaza izigaba elidlula kuzo (ukudibanisa, ukuhlaziya, kunye nokudilizwa). I-React ibonelela ngeehuku ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokwenza ikhowudi kwinqanaba ngalinye:

• icandeloDidMount o useEffect Akukho kuxhomekeka: Xa unyusela inxalenye, iluncedo ekuqaliseni okanye ekulayisheni idatha.
• icandeloDidUpdate o useEffect ngokuxhomekeka: Xa iipropu ezithile okanye amazwe atshintsha.
• icandeloWillUnmount okanye umsebenzi wokucoca kwi useEffect: Ngaphambi nje kokuba icandelo litshatyalaliswe, liluncedo ekucoceni izixhobo.

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Iihuka: inguqu kwiReact

Los iikhonkco Zivele kwinguqulelo 16.8 kwaye zaphawula inguqu kuphuhliso lweReact. Bakuvumela ukuba wongeze ingqiqo yelizwe kunye nobomi kumacandelo asebenzayo, ebekade engenabo obu buchule.

Ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu zezi:

• useState: Ikuvumela ukuba uchaze iimeko ezahlukeneyo kumacandelo asebenzayo.
• useEffect: Iqhuba imisebenzi emva konikezelo naxa ukuxhomekeka kutshintshile.
• useContext, useReducer, useCallback, useMemo, useRef: Ezinye izikhonkwane ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezinceda kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso.

Kukhona ezinye imithetho engqongqo kakhulu Ukusetyenziswa kwe hook: kufuneka zibizwe kuphela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lomsebenzi wecandelo kwaye zingaze zibe ngaphakathi kwi-loops, iimeko, okanye imisebenzi efakwe kwindlwane.

Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo zokusebenzisa iReact

I-React iyaphumelela ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:

• Kulula ukufunda (ukuba unobuchule kwiJavaScript kunye neHTML), amaxwebhu amaninzi kunye nezixhobo ezininzi zasimahla kunye nezihlaziyiweyo.
• Amacandelo anokusetyenziswa kwakhona, okunciphisa ikhowudi ephindaphindiweyo, ukuphucula intlangano kunye nokulinganisa.
• Ukusebenza okuphezulu enkosi kwiDOM ebonakalayo kunye nonikezelo olusebenzayo lwamalungu atshintshiweyo kuphela.
• uluntu olukhulu kunye ne-ecosystem: inkitha yamathala eencwadi, izixhobo kunye nezinto eziluncedo zokwandisa okunokwenzeka.
• Yandiswa kwaye iyahambelana nezinye iitekhnoloji ezininzi (ezinje ngeRedux, Tailwind CSS, Firebase, Node.js).
• SEO ubuhlobo enkosi kunikezelo lwecala lomncedisi (SSR) amandla kunye nesakhelo esinje ngokulandelayo.js.

Ukusilela kwayo kubandakanya:

• Ulwazi olomeleleyo lweJavaScript yanamhlanje luyafuneka.
• Iphatha imboniselo kuphela: kufuneka uyincedise kunye namanye amathala eencwadi kwiiprojekthi ezinzima ngakumbi.
• Kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu kakhulu ubungakanani besicelo bunokukhula.

Kutheni ukhetha i-React kunezinye iindlela?

I-React ikhuphisana ngokuthe ngqo nezikhokelo ezifana ne-Angular kunye ne-Vue. Impumelelo yayo ibangelwa kukudityaniswa kwayo nokuguquguquka, ukusebenza, uluntu olukhulu, kunye nokulula kovavanyo, ukulungisa iimpazamo, kunye nokulinganisa izicelo. Inyani yokuba iinkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-Facebook, Netflix, Airbnb, Uber, kunye ne-Instagram ziye zamkela i-React sisalathisi esicacileyo sokomelela nokuthembeka kwayo.

Ngaphezu koko, inyaniso yokuba sisisombululo esijoliswe kumbono kwaye kungekhona isakhelo esipheleleyo sinika umphuhlisi inkululeko yokukhetha izixhobo ezichanekileyo kunye nezongezo ezifunwa yiprojekthi nganye.

Ukuphendula iimeko zokusetyenziswa kunye nezicelo ezibonakalayo

Usetyenziso lwehlabathi lokwenyani lweReact alunasiphelo, kodwa imizekelo ephawulekayo ibandakanya:

• Usetyenziso lwewebhu olunamandla (Usetyenziso lwephepha elinye okanye i-SPA).
• Incoko yexesha lokwenyani kunye neenkqubo zokuthumela imiyalezo.
• Iinethiwekhi zentlalo kunye namaqonga oluntu.
• Ii-apps ze-Cross-platform eziphathwayo (ezineReact Native).
• Iivenkile ezikwi-Intanethi kunye nezisombululo ze-eCommerce.
• Iiphaneli zolawulo, iideshibhodi kunye nezicelo ezintsonkothileyo zoshishino.
• Ulawulo lomsebenzi, imveliso, kunye nosetyenziso lwekhalenda.
• Amaqonga omculo afunwayo kunye nevidiyo.

Sabele Mthonyama: Yintoni eyenza yahluke kwiReact?

Yenzani iNzala I-React Native sisikhokelo esisekwe kwiReact ekuvumela ukuba wenze usetyenziso lwemveli lweselfowuni usebenzisa iJavaScript kunye nefilosofi yecandelo elifanayo. Umahluko ophambili kukuba endaweni yonikezelo kwi-HTML kunye newebhu DOM, iReact Native iguqulela amacandelo ukuba izinto zomthonyama I-iOS kunye ne-Android, iququzelela uphuhliso lwe-cross-platform mobile apps ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza.

Nangona i-React kunye ne-React Native yabelana ngengqiqo eninzi kunye ne-syntax, nganye ilungiselelwe indawo yayo. I-React.js ijolise ikakhulu kwiibhrawuza, ngelixa i-React Native iphakamisa ii-APIs kunye nolawulo oluthile kwiinkqubo zokusebenza eziphathwayo.

I-React ecosystem kunye noluntu

Enye yezona zinto ziqhuba ukukhula kweReact ibe luluntu lwayo. Amawakawaka abaphuhlisi banikela imihla ngemihla ngamathala eencwadi, izisombululo kwimiba eqhelekileyo, izifundo zokufundisa, kunye nokuphuculwa kondoqo kunye ne-ecosystem.

Phakathi kwamathala eencwadi adumileyo kunye nezixhobo kwi-ecosystem zezi:

• React umzila kumzila kunye nokukhangela phakathi kwamaphepha.
• Redux y Ukubuyisela kulawulo lwelizwe jikelele.
• Isimbo somzimba y I-enzyme kuvavanyo lwecandelo oluzenzekelayo.
• IBhabheli ngenkxaso yeJavaScript yangoku kunye neJSX.
• Iphepha lewebhu y Ubomi njengokupakishwa kunye nezixhobo zokusebenzisa ikhowudi.

Ukuba bhetyebhetye kwe-React kuvumela ukuba kudityaniswe phantse nasiphi na isitaki setekhnoloji, zombini ngaphambili nasemva-isiphelo (Node.js, Firebase, njl.), kwaye yenza kube lula ukudibanisa izitayile (Sass, Tailwind, Bootstrap, njl.), imizobo, iifom, ukuqinisekiswa, kunye nokunye.

Ungaqalisa njani ngeReact

Ukuze uqalise ngeReact, uya kufuna ulwazi olusisiseko lweJavaScript yanamhlanje (ES6), HTML, kunye neCSS. Kucetyiswa ukuba uziqhelanise neengqikelelo ezinje ngemisebenzi yotolo, ulwakhiwo, iimodyuli, izithembiso, kunye neendlela zoluhlu.

Eyona ndlela ilula yokwenza iReact app kukusebenzisa izixhobo ezinje Ubomi o Yenza iReact App. Kwanele ukuba nayo Node.js ifakiwe kwaye iqhube imiyalelo embalwa kwi-terminal:

• npx yenza-react-app yam-app
• npm qalisa ukubaleka

Oku kuyakuvelisa ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lweprojekthi, kunye neefolda ezifana src yekhowudi yomthombo kunye kawonke wonke yeefayile ezimileyo, kwaye izakuvumela ukuba ubone isiphumo kwisikhangeli kwisithuba semizuzwana.

Ukusuka apho, unokwenza amacandelo amatsha, ungenise kwaye ulungelelanise ikhowudi, yongeza izitayile, ufake iilayibrari ezongezelelweyo, kwaye usebenzise i-app yakho kwiiseva ezikhethekileyo okanye ababoneleli bokusingatha.

Amaqonga okufunda amakhulu kunye namaxwebhu asemthethweni eReact abonelela ngeemfundiso, izikhokelo, imizekelo, kunye nezixhobo zokunceda wonke umntu ukusuka kwabaqalayo ukuya kwiingcali ukuba afumane okuninzi kwiReact.

Njengengcebiso: Thatha ithuba loluntu lokufumana izisombululo kwiingxaki, fumana ezona ndlela zilungileyo, kwaye uhlale usexesheni ngezinto eziqhubekayo (ezifana neehuku zamva nje, iindlela ezintsha, okanye utshintsho lwelayisenisi).

Ukusebenza kunye neReact kwenza kube lula ukwenza unxibelelwano lwangoku kunye nolusebenzayo, kwaye uluntu lwayo olusebenzayo nolukhula rhoqo luqinisekisa indawo eguqukayo, enentsebenziswano, kunye nephuhlayo. I-Learning React ayivuleli nje iingcango kumathuba amaninzi emisebenzi kunye neeprojekthi, kodwa ikwakunika ukufikelela kolona phuhliso lusebenzayo noluluntu lusebenzisanayo namhlanje.