- Idatha ye-synthetic lulwazi olwenziwe ngobuchule olulinganisa idatha yokwenyani ngaphandle kokuqulatha ulwazi lomntu.
- Zisetyenziselwa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, uvavanyo lwesoftware, uphando lwezonyango, kunye nohlalutyo lwemali.
- Isizukulwana sayo sisekelwe kwiindlela ezinje ngokwenziwa kweenkcukacha-manani, uthungelwano lwe-neural oluvelisayo, kunye nokulinganisa ukubala.
- Banikezela ngezibonelelo ezinjengobumfihlo, ukuncitshiswa kweendleko, kunye nokufikeleleka okwandisiweyo, kodwa banikezela imingeni efana nokuthambekela kunye nomgangatho wedatha.
Namhlanje, ukusetyenziswa kwedatha kusembindini wetekhnoloji kunye neshishini elitsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala kokufikelela kwidatha yokwenyani esemgangathweni, nokuba kungenxa yezithintelo zabucala, iindleko eziphezulu okanye ukunqongophala kweesampulu, kuqhubele phambili uphuhliso lwenye indlela yotshintsho: idatha yokwenziwa. Le datha eyenziwe ngokwenziwa ivumela ukuqeqeshwa kweemodeli zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ukuqhuba iimvavanyo, kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ulwazi olubuthathaka.
Idatha ye-Synthetic ifumene ukuvelela kumacandelo amaninzi, ukusuka UPhando lwezoNyango kukhuseleko lwe-cybersecurity kunye nophuhliso lwesoftware. Ukusebenzisa ubuchule obuphambili obunje ngoomatshini bokufunda kunye nothungelwano lwe-neural oluvelisayo, kuyenzeka ukwenza idatha efana neepateni kunye neempawu zeeseti zedatha yehlabathi yokwenyani, ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ubumfihlo okanye ukuxhomekeka kwingqokelela enkulu yolwazi lwehlabathi lokwenyani. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, zinxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo ulawulo lomngcipheko we-cybersecurity.
Yintoni idatha yokwenziwa?
Idatha ye-synthetic yingcaciso eyenziwe ngobuchule. usebenzisa i-algorithms kunye neemodeli zokufunda ngomatshini ukuphindaphinda iimpawu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwedatha yangempela. Ngokungafaniyo nedatha yemveli, le datha ayiveli ngokuthe ngqo kwiziganeko okanye ukusebenzisana kwabantu, kodwa yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kuqeqesho kunye nokulinganisa ngaphandle kokuqulatha ulwazi olubonakalayo.
Le datha inokuveliswa ngeendlela ezininzi, ezifana imodeli yamanani, ukulinganisa ikhompyutha okanye ukusetyenziswa kothungelwano lwe-neural oluphambili. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kunye nokukwazi ukugcina isakhiwo kunye neepatheni zedatha yangaphambili yenze ukuba ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha. Oku kuveliswa kwedatha nako kunokwandisa iinkqubo zolwazi zolawulo.
Isetyenziselwa ntoni idatha yokwenziwa?
Idatha yokwenziwa kwayo ine uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ngakumbi kumacandelo apho ukufikelela kwidatha yelizwe lokwenyani kuthintelwe okanye kubekelwe imiqathango yemfihlo. Ezinye zezicelo zayo eziphambili ziquka:
- Uqeqesho lweemodeli zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa: Zikuvumela ukuba uphucule ukuchaneka kweemodeli zokufunda koomatshini ngaphandle kokusebenzisa idatha yokwenyani enobuthathaka.
- Uvavanyo lweSoftware kunye nokuqinisekiswa kweenkqubo: Banceda abaphuhlisi bavavanye kwaye balungise izicelo ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ulwazi olubuthathaka.
- Uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nezonyango: Zisetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa iimodeli zokuxela kwangaphambili kwiindawo ezifana ne-genetics kunye nempilo, ukukhusela ubunikazi bezigulane.
- Ukufunyanwa kobuqhophololo kunye nohlalutyo lwemali: Baququzelela ukuchongwa kweepateni zobuqhetseba ngaphandle kokubonisa idatha yomthengi wangempela.
Yenziwa njani idatha yokwenziwa
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwenza idatha yokwenziwa, nganye ineengenelo zayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Phakathi kwezona ziphambili, sifumana:
- Imodeli yamanani: Usebenzisa imifuziselo yemathematika ukuvelisa idatha elandela usasazo olunokwenzeka olufanayo njengedatha yokwenyani.
- Uthungelwano loNxibelelwano oluVeliswayo (GANs): Iinethiwekhi ezimbini ze-neural zisebenza kunye ukwenza idatha yokwenziwa yokwenyani, esekwe kwiipateni zedatha yoqobo.
- ukulinganisa ikhompyutha: Ivelisa idatha evela kwimizekelo yelizwe lokwenyani eyenziwe ngokwedijithali.
Izinto eziluncedo kunye neenzuzo zedatha yokwenziwa
Ukusetyenziswa kwedatha yokwenziwa kubonisa izibonelelo ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa nedatha yokwenyani, ngakumbi kwiimeko apho ubumfihlo kunye nokufumaneka kwedatha kungumba.
- Ukukhuselwa ngasese: Ngokungaqulathanga ulwazi lomntu, bathobela imigaqo efana ne-GDPR.
- Ukufikeleleka kunye nokulinganisa: Zinokuveliswa ngobuninzi obungenamkhawulo, ngaphandle kwemida yejografi okanye yexesha.
- ukonga iindleko: Banciphisa imfuno yokuqokelela kunye nokugcina umthamo omkhulu wedatha yangempela.
- Ukwahluka okukhulu kunye nokulinganisela: Bavumela ukudalwa kweeseti zedatha ezimele ngakumbi kwaye ziphelise i-biases kwii-algorithms.
Imingcipheko kunye nemingeni yokusebenzisa idatha yokwenziwa
Ngaphandle kwezibonelelo zayo, idatha eyenziweyo ikwabonisa imingeni kunye nemingcipheko ekufuneka iqwalaselwe:
- I-bias enokwenzeka kwidathaUkuba idatha yoqobo inomkhethe, idatha yokwenziwa ingazuza ezi ngxaki.
- Umgangatho nokuchaneka: Abasoloko bebonakalisa ngokunyanisekileyo ukuntsonkotha kwedatha yokwenyani.
- Uyilo lobuGcisaUkuvelisa idatha yokwenziwa ethembekileyo kufuna ubuchule obuphezulu kunye nezibonelelo.
Ukunyuka kwedatha yokwenziwa kuguqula indlela amashishini kunye nemibutho elawula ngayo ulwazi. Ngokunikezela ngenye indlela ekhuselekileyo, eyoyikisayo nesebenzayo kwidatha yokwenyani, benza inkqubela kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji entsha, ukuphucula ngasese ekusetyenzweni kwedatha kunye nokunciphisa iindleko kumacandelo abalulekileyo afana ingqiqo kunye nokhuseleko lwe-cyber. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ukwamkelwa kwayo kuya kuqhubeka ukwanda njengoko izixhobo zokuvelisa idatha ziqhubeka nokuvela, zivula amathuba amatsha okwenziwa kwedatha entsha.
