- ULeonardo da Vinci uphumelele emikhakheni eminingi futhi waklama ama-prototypes emishini yekusasa.
- UThomas Edison wakha isibani, i-carbon microphone, negilamafoni.
- U-Nikola Tesla waphayona ngokushintshanisa okwamanje futhi waguqula ukusetshenziswa kukagesi.
- U-Tim Berners-Lee udale i-World Wide Web, eguqula indlela esikhuluma ngayo emhlabeni jikelele.
Kusukela kudala, ubuhlakani bomuntu buye baveza izinto ezisunguliwe eziye zashintsha umlando futhi zathuthukisa izinga lokuphila kwabantu. Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, abasunguli baye babekela inselele imikhuba emisiwe futhi balolonga izwe lanamuhla ngentuthuko kwezesayensi, ezobuchwepheshe, ezokwelapha kanye nobunjiniyela. Amanye amagama agcinwe eqoshwe enkumbulweni ehlangene ngeqhaza elibalulekile abawenza esintwini.
Kulolu hambo olubanzi lwabaqambi ababaluleke kakhulu emlandweni, sizofunda ngezimpilo zabo, imisebenzi yabo kanye nokuthi abakutholile kuyaqhubeka kanjani nokuba nomthelela empilweni yethu yansuku zonke. Kusukela kososayensi bokuqala basendulo kuya kumaphayona enkathi yedijithali, ngamunye wabo ushiye uphawu olungenakucimeka emhlabeni.
Abaqambi ababaluleke kakhulu emlandweni
Kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka, isintu siye saba nezingqondo ezinkulu eziguqule indlela esiphila ngayo. Ngezansi, sihlola abanye babasunguli abaphawuleka kakhulu neminikelo yabo ebaluleke kakhulu.
ULeonardo da Vinci: ingcweti yeRenaissance
ULeonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) ubhekwa njengomunye wabahlakaniphileyo abakhulu kunabo bonke. Umsebenzi wakhe njengomsunguli, umdwebi, nososayensi wamenza waba ngumuntu ovelele we-Renaissance. Ngaphandle kwemidwebo yakhe edumile efana ne- The Last Supper kanye ne-Mona Lisa , izifundo zakhe ze- anatomy , i-physics , kanye nobunjiniyela zaziyizinguquko ezinkulu.
Phakathi kwezinto azisungulile ezivelele kakhulu kukhona ukwakheka kwemishini endizayo , uhlobo lwendiza enophephela emhlane, amathangi empi , izindlela zokuhlanza amanzi kanye namathuluzi okuhlinza athuthukile esikhathi sakhe.
UThomas Edison: ubaba kagesi wesimanje
UThomas Edison (1847–1931) ungomunye wabasunguli abakhulu kunabo bonke besikhathi sonke. Njengoba enamalungelo obunikazi angaphezu kwe-1000 abhalisiwe , ifa lakhe lisabalulekile nanamuhla. Phakathi kwezinto azisungulile ezaziwa kakhulu kukhona i- phonograph , isibani se-incandescent , kanye nekhamera yesithombe esinyakazayo.
Ukuzinikela kwakhe ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha kwamenza wasungula ilabhorethri yokuqala yocwaningo nentuthuko, wabeka izisekelo zokusungulwa kwezimboni zokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe.
U-Nikola Tesla: umbonisi kagesi
Unjiniyela waseSerbia kanye nomsunguli uNikola Tesla (1856–1943) uqashelwa ngegalelo lakhe ekuthuthukisweni kokushintshana kwamandla kagesi (AC), esinye sezimiso eziyisisekelo zikagesi wanamuhla. UTesla wayengumuntu onemibono owazama ngamadivayisi okudlulisa amandla angenantambo kanye namaza omsakazo isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba athandwe.
Phakathi kwezinto azisungulile eziphawulekayo yi- Tesla transformer , i- induction motor , kanye nemibono yokuqala ku -radar.
UMarie Curie: iphayona le-radioactivity
UMarie Curie (1867–1934) wayengusosayensi wefiziksi kanye nosokhemisi owashiya uphawu olungenakucimeka kwisayensi. Wayengowesifazane wokuqala ukuwina umklomelo weNobel , futhi eyedwa kuphela owawina ezimbili ezigabeni ezahlukene: iFiziksi kanye neKhemistri.
Kanye nomyeni wakhe uPierre Curie, wathola izakhi i-radium ne -polonium , futhi umnikelo wakhe ekuthuthukisweni kombono we- radioactivity wawuyisihluthulelo sezokwelapha kanye nemboni yenuzi.
Abazalwane bakwaWright: Amaphayona Ezindiza
U-Orville noWilbur Wright babenesibopho sokundiza okokuqala ngqa ngendiza ngo-1903. Indiza yabo eyisibonelo yafinyelela ibanga elingamamitha angu-36, okwaphawula ukuqala kwezindiza zanamuhla.
Ngenxa yezifundo zabo mayelana ne-aerodynamics kanye nokulawula izindiza , bashintshe ezokuthutha futhi bavumela ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezindiza.
U-Tim Berners-Lee: umdali we-World Wide Web
Emkhakheni wedijithali, uTim Berners-Lee ubhekwa njengomunye wabasunguli abanethonya elikhulu emlandweni wamuva. Ngo-1989, ngesikhathi esebenza e-CERN, wathuthukisa iphrothokholi ye-HTTP kanye nolimi lwe-HTML , okwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukudalwa kwe- World Wide Web.
Ngenxa yokusungulwa kwayo, i-inthanethi yaba ithuluzi elifinyeleleka emhlabeni wonke, yaguqula ukuxhumana , ukuhweba kanye nemfundo.
Kuwo wonke umlando, abasunguli abaningi baye bashintsha umhlaba ngemibono yabo emisha. Kusukela ku-Leonardo da Vinci kanye nemiklamo yakhe yombono kuya ku-Tim Berners-Lee nokudalwa kwewebhu, ngamunye wabo ushiye ifa eliqhubeka nokuba nomthelela ezimpilweni zezigidi zabantu. Ubuhlakani nobuhlakani babo kube yisisekelo ekuthuthukisweni kwesintu emikhakheni eyahlukene yolwazi.