phpMyAdmin: ukuthi iyini, ngeyani, nokuthi ungazuza kanjani ngokugcwele kuyo

Informatec Digital » Yolwazi » phpMyAdmin: ukuthi iyini, ngeyani, nokuthi ungazuza kanjani ngokugcwele kuyo

Uma wake wazibuza ukuthi ochwepheshe nabathuthukisi baphatha kanjani izizindalwazi zabo ze-MySQL noma ze-MariaDB ngaphandle kokulahleka emgqeni womyalo kanye nemiyalo eyinkimbinkimbi, impendulo ilele kuthuluzi lewebhu eliguqule ukuphathwa kwedatha: i-phpMyAdmin. Namuhla, bobabili abaqalayo kanye nabasebenzisi abathuthukile bafuna izixazululo ezisebenzayo, ezibonakalayo, neziphephile zokugcina lonke ulwazi lwabo lwephrojekthi lulawulwa, futhi i-phpMyAdmin izimise njengenketho ethandwa kakhulu futhi eguquguqukayo.

Ngaphandle kobulula bayo bokuqala, i-phpMyAdmin inikeza izinsiza ezinamandla, izinqamuleli zemisebenzi ephindaphindwayo, kanye nomphakathi osebenzayo othuthukisa njalo amakhono awo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenza kuseva yewebhu yendabuko, indawo yasendaweni efana ne-XAMPP, noma nomhlinzeki wokusingatha, lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwenza ukudala, ukuguqula, noma ukuthumela isizindalwazi sakho, ukuhlela amarekhodi, noma ukusebenzisa imibuzo yangokwezifiso kube lula kakhulu . Kuyo yonke le ndatshana, ngizochaza konke okudingeka ukwazi ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele isici ngasinye, uqonde amandla nobuthakathaka baso, futhi ufunde ukuthi ungakwandisa kanjani ukuphepha kwendawo yakho.

Iyini i-phpMyAdmin futhi isetshenziselwa ini?

I-phpMyAdmin uhlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu olukhululekile noluvulekile olwakhiwe ku-PHP, olunikeza isikhombikubona esibonakalayo sokuphatha izizindalwazi ze-MySQL ne-MariaDB nganoma yisiphi isiphequluli. Yadalwa ngo-1998 nguTobias Ratschiller futhi ibilokhu ikhula kusukela lapho, inezela izici, izilimi, kanye nomphakathi wokusekela osebenzayo kakhulu.

Okugqamile kwe-phpMyAdmin isixhumi esibonakalayo esibonakalayo, esikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise imininingwane ngaphandle kokubhala imiyalo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-SQL, okwenza kube lula ukuphatha amaphrojekthi wewebhu, izitolo ze-inthanethi, amabhulogi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nokuningi.

Leli thuluzi lisekela yonke into kusukela ekusebenzeni okuyisisekelo njengokudala, ukuhlela, noma ukususa imininingo egciniwe namathebula kuya emisebenzini ethuthukisiwe njengokuphatha amalungelo, ukwenza izitatimende ze-SQL zangokwezifiso, ukungenisa/ukuthekelisa ngamafomethi ahlukahlukene, kanye nokubuka ama-schema nezibalo.

Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esisekelwe kuwebhu, ingafinyelelwa futhi iphathwe noma yikuphi, idinga isiphequluli kuphela kanye nemininingwane efanele. Lokhu kwenza i-phpMyAdmin ibe indinganiso yazo zombili izindawo zokuthuthukiswa kwendawo (ezifana ne-XAMPP, i-WAMP, noma i-MAMP) namaseva wokukhiqiza nokubamba okuchwepheshile.

Imisebenzi esemqoka nezici ze-phpMyAdmin

I-phpMyAdmin ivelele ngokuhlanganisa yonke imisebenzi edingekayo yokuphathwa kwansuku zonke nokuthuthukisiwe kwemininingwane ye-MySQL/MariaDB ibe yiphaneli eyodwa. Amandla ayo amakhulu afaka:

• Ukuphathwa okubonakalayo kolwazi, amathebula namarekhodi: Dala, susa, lungisa, futhi ubuze yonke imininingwane yolwazi namathebula angawodwana, futhi usebenze ngedatha (faka, hlela, susa, noma sesha).
• Isebenzisa imibuzo ye-SQL kusuka kumhleli ohlanganisiwe: Uma unolwazi ku-SQL noma udinga ukwenza imisebenzi yangokwezifiso, ungafaka izitatimende futhi uthole imiphumela esheshayo, ngokugqamisa kwe-syntax nomlando.
• Ngenisa futhi ukhiphe ngamafomethi amaningi: Ikuvumela ukuthi ungenise noma ukhiphe isizindalwazi namathebula ngamafomethi afana ne-SQL, CSV, XML, JSON, Excel noma i-PDF, ukwenza izipele, ukufuduka kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
• Ukuphathwa komsebenzisi namalungelo: Dala futhi ususe abasebenzisi, yabela amagama ayimfihlo, futhi usethe izimvume ezithile kusizindalwazi noma amathebula, uthuthukise ukuvikeleka emaqenjini ahlanganyelwe.
• Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela nokwenza kahle- Ezinye izinguqulo zinikeza amagrafu omsebenzi, ukuxhumana, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, nemibuzo ehamba kancane, kanye nezinketho zokuthuthukisa nokulungisa amatafula.
• Ukusekelwa kwezilimi eziningi nokwenza ngokwezifiso kobuhle: isekela izilimi ezingaphezu kuka-70 futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uguqule izingqikithi ezibukwayo, uzivumelanise nezintandokazi nezidingo zephrojekthi.
• Ukusekelwa kwe-MariaDB kanye ne-Drizzle: Ngokungeziwe ku-MySQL, isebenza nezinye izinjini, yandisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezindaweni ezihlukene.
• Gcwalisa imibhalo kanye nokwesekwa komphakathi: Ifaka imihlahlandlela esemthethweni nedalwe ngabasebenzisi, izinkundla, nezifundo.

Ifaka i-phpMyAdmin

Ukufaka i-phpMyAdmin kulula futhi kufinyeleleka kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi useseva yendawo noma endaweni yokukhiqiza . Ezinye izindlela zokwenza lokhu yilezi:

• Uma usebenzisa ukusingathwa, amapulatifomu amaningi asevele afaka i-phpMyAdmin kuphaneli yabo yokulawula (njenge-cPanel noma i-Plesk): vele uthole inketho bese ungena ngemvume.
• Ezindaweni zasendaweni ezifana ne-XAMPP, WAMP noma i-MAMP, i-phpMyAdmin ivamise ukufakwa kuqala: vele uqale amamojula we-Apache ne-MySQL bese ufinyelela kuwo nge. http://localhost/phpmyadmin.
• Ukufaka ngesandla, landa inguqulo yakamuva kusuka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni, vula unzip kufolda yeseva, lungiselela config.inc.php ngemininingwane yakho futhi uyifinyelele esipheqululini sakho. Khumbula ukushintsha amaphasiwedi azenzakalelayo futhi usebenzise i-HTTPS ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe.

Kubalulekile ukugcina i-phpMyAdmin ivuselelwe, noma ngabe ngokufaka ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukugwema ubungozi.

Ukufinyelela nokungena kuqala

Ukufinyelela i-phpMyAdmin kudinga ukwazi i-URL yakho ye-MySQL/MariaDB kanye neziqinisekiso zomsebenzisi . Lolu lwazi lunikezwa umlawuli wakho noma umhlinzeki wakho wokusingatha.

Ukuze ungene ngemvume, mane nje ufake igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. Ezindaweni zasendaweni, igama lomsebenzisi livame ukuba yimpande futhi iphasiwedi ingashiywa ingenalutho, yize kuhlale kunconywa ukusebenzisa iphasiwedi eqinile ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

Uma umhlinzeki wakho eyihlanganisa kudeshibhodi yakhe, ungafinyelela kuyo ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokufaka idatha eyengeziwe.

Iphaneli yokuphatha kanye nesakhiwo esibonakalayo

Uma ungena, uzothola isikhombimsebenzisi esihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana :

• Imenyu eseceleni kwesokunxele enazo zonke isizindalwazi namathebula azo.
• Iphaneli emaphakathi eguqukayo kuye ngesenzo: uhlu lwamathebula, amarekhodi, amafomu wokuhlela, izilungiselelo, kanye nemiphumela yemibuzo.
• Imenyu ephezulu enamathebhu wamathuluzi ahlukene: Database, Isakhiwo, SQL, Ukucinga, ukungenisa, Thumela, Ukusebenza, Amalungelo, Njll

Lesi sakhiwo senza kube lula ukuzulazula phakathi kolwazi, ukusebenza namathebula amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ufinyelele ngokushesha izici ezithuthukile.

Ukuphathwa kolwazi, amathebula namarekhodi

Phakathi kwezenzo ezivame kakhulu nge-phpMyAdmin yilezi:

• Dala imininingwane: ngezinketho zokuchaza izinhlamvu namaqoqo.
• Ilahla imininingwane egciniwe noma amathebula: ngokuchofoza okumbalwa.
• Engeza, lungisa, fanisa noma susa amathebula: ukuchaza izinkambu, okhiye nezinkomba.
• Faka, hlela, futhi susa amarekhodi: ngokubukeka, ngaphandle kokubhala i-SQL.
• Sesha idatha ethile: usebenzisa izihlungi kumathebula.
• Lungiselela futhi ulungise amatafula: ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza noma ukulungisa izinkinga.
• Ukusetha ubudlelwano usebenzisa okhiye bangaphandle: iwusizo ekuhloniphekeni kwenkomba.

Uma ujwayelene ne-SQL, ungasebenzisa ithebhu ye-SQL ukuze ubhale izitatimende zakho, ubuyekeze umlando, futhi usebenzise ukugqanyiswa kwe-syntax.

Ngenisa, thekelisa futhi wenze ikhophi yasenqolobaneni

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ze-phpMyAdmin ukwenza lula ukungeniswa nokuthekelisa kwedatha ngamafomethi ahlukahlukene.

• para ukuthekelisa, khetha isizindalwazi noma ithebula, iya kokuthi "Khipha," bese ukhetha ifomethi nezinketho zokuminyanisa. Ibalulekile kuma-backups kanye nokufuduka.
• La ukungenisa Isebenza ngendlela efanayo: khetha isizindalwazi, iya kokuthi "Ngenisa," bese ulayisha ifayela. I-phpMyAdmin icubungula futhi ifaka idatha ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Lezi zici zikuvumela ukuthi uphathe kalula futhi ubuyisele izipele ngaphandle kwesidingo somugqa womyalo noma amathuluzi angaphandle.

Izilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe nokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo

I-phpMyAdmin inikeza izinketho eziningi zokwenza ngokwezifiso isipiliyoni futhi usivumelanise nezidingo zakho.

• ngokwezifiso ezibonakalayo: izingqikithi, ulimi (ngaphezu kuka-70) nezintandokazi zokubonisa.
• Amapharamitha athuthukile: Kusuka ku-config.inc.php ungachaza usayizi wefayela omkhulu, izindlela zokuqinisekisa, ukuphepha, nokuxhumeka kumaseva amaningi.
• Imidwebo kanye nokubonwa kohlelo: Ikhiqiza ihluzo ze-PDF ngesakhiwo nobudlelwano phakathi kwamatafula.
• Ukuphathwa komsebenzisi nezimvume: ilawula ukuthi ubani ofinyelelayo, lokho abakubonayo, nokuthi yiziphi izenzo abangazenza kusizindalwazi ngasinye noma ithebula.

phpMyAdmin endaweni kanye nezindawo zokubamba iwebhu

I-phpMyAdmin iguquguquka kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziswa ezimeni ezahlukene:

• Izimo zendawo njenge-XAMPP, i-WAMP noma i-MAMP, lapho usanda kuqala khona izinsiza nokufinyelela http://localhost/phpmyadmin.
• Amaphaneli okusingatha (cPanel, Plesk), enikeza ukufinyelela okuqondile ku-phpMyAdmin ukuze uphathe imininingwane yolwazi kuseva.
• I-VPS namaseva azinikezele, lapho ungayifaka khona ngokwenza futhi uyilungiselele ngokuphephile.

Kuhlale kuhle ukukhawulela ukufinyelela, ukushintsha amagama ayimfihlo azenzakalelayo, futhi usebenzise ukuxhumana okubethelwe ukuvikela ukuphathwa kwedatha.

phpMyAdmin kanye ne-WordPress

Umsebenzi ovamile ukuphatha izizindalwazi kumasayithi e-WordPress . Kusuka ku-phpMyAdmin, unga:

• Lungiselela futhi ulungise amatafula ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza.
• Yenza amakhophi futhi ubuyisele ngaphambi kwezibuyekezo ezinkulu.
• Lungisa izinketho ezithuthukile, shintsha izingqikithi, vala ama-plugin noma setha kabusha amaphasiwedi okuphatha ezimeni eziphuthumayo.
• Ukuxazulula izinkinga zokufuduka, hlela ama-URL noma izindlela emathebulani afana Izinketho_ze-wp.

Kubalulekile ukwenza amakhophi edatha futhi uqaphele ngezinguquko eziqondile ukuze ugweme ukwenza isayithi lingasebenzi.

Amathiphu okuphepha nemikhuba engcono kakhulu uma usebenzisa i-phpMyAdmin

Njengoba i-phpMyAdmin iphatha idatha ebalulekile, kubalulekile ukulandela izinqubo ezinhle zokuphepha:

• Shintsha umzila ozenzakalelayo ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
• Khawulela ukufinyelela nge-IP noma nini lapho kungenzeka.
• Engeza ukufakazela ubuqiniso obengeziwe kuseva, usebenzisa .htaccess noma Nginx imithetho.
• Ungasebenzisi impande eyirimothi futhi ukhawulele izimvume kuma-akhawunti avamile.
• Sebenzisa njalo ukuxhumana kwe-SSL/HTTPS ukubethela idatha edlulisiwe.
• Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile futhi uzishintshe ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Gcina i-phpMyAdmin isesikhathini samanje kuya enguqulweni yakamuva.
• Khubaza izici ezingasetshenzisiwe nokuqapha izingodo kanye nemizamo ehlulekile.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-phpMyAdmin

I-phpMyAdmin inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kodwa futhi kunezinto ezithile okufanele uzicabangele lapho unquma ukuthi iyithuluzi elikulungele yini:

• Ventajas:
  • Ukusetshenziswa kalula: interface enobungane futhi evumelana nezimo.
  • Amandla nokuguquguquka: ukusuka kweyisisekelo ukuya emisebenzini ethuthukisiwe, okuhlanganisa ukuphathwa kwabasebenzisi abaningi.
  • Ipulatifomu eminingi: Isebenza endaweni kanye nakumaseva okukhiqiza.
  • Vula umthombo: mahhala, nomphakathi osebenzayo.
  • Ukusekelwa kwamafomethi amaningi wokungenisa/ukuthekelisa kanye nethuba lokwandisa imisebenzi.
• Izinkinga:
  • Ingadalula isizindalwazi uma ukuphepha kungalungiswanga kahle..
  • Akwenzeki ngendlela oyifisayo njengezinhlelo zokusebenza zedeskithophu (isibonelo: MySQL Workbench).
  • Ekufakweni okunesizindalwazi esiningi, kunganensa uma iseva ingalungiswanga.
  • Idinga izibuyekezo njalo ukuze uvikeleke.

Ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa i-phpMyAdmin

Kulabo abafuna ezinye izinketho noma ukusebenza okuhlukile, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo ku-phpMyAdmin:

• I-MySQL Workbench: Uhlelo lokusebenza lwedeskithophu enamathuluzi okumodela nawokuphatha.
• UHeidiSQL: ilula futhi idumile, ilungele ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu.
• I-Sequel Pro- Inketho efakiwe ku-Mac OS.
• Navicat for MySQL: Inamandla futhi igcwele izici ezithuthukile.
• PhpLiteAdmin: kusizindalwazi se-SQLite kumaphrojekthi amancane.

Ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokulinganiselwa kwayo; kufanelekile ukuhlola ukuthi iyiphi evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho nokuthi ingabe i-phpMyAdmin ihlanganisa izimo zakho.

I-phpMyAdmin iyaqhubeka nokuba ibhentshimakhi yokuphatha okubonakalayo, okuphumelelayo, nokuvikelekile kwesizindalwazi se-MySQL ne-MariaDB, kubo bobabili abaqalayo nochwepheshe. Ikuvumela ukuthi uphathe amathebula, amarekhodi, nabasebenzisi kunoma yisiphi isiphequluli futhi ikhulise ukukhiqiza ngokungenisa kwayo, ukuthekelisa, nezinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso, njalo ulandela izinqubo ezinhle zokuphepha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphatha i-WordPress, isayithi le-e-commerce, noma isizinda sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ukwazi kahle i-phpMyAdmin kuzokwenza umsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke ube lula.