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Kuyini ukuguquguquka kwezibalo? Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqonda ukubaluleka kwawo

1. Kuyini ukuguquguquka kwezibalo?

Incazelo nomqondo

Ukubaluleka kokuguquguquka ocwaningweni lwezibalo

1. Bavumela ukuqoqwa kwedathaNgokuchaza okuhlukile okuthile, singakha amathuluzi wokuqoqa idatha, njengezinhlolovo noma ukuhlola, ukuze sithole ulwazi olunembile nolufanele.
2. Basiza ukuhlelwa nokuhlaziywa kwedatha: Okuguquguqukayo kusivumela ukuthi sakhe futhi sihlukanise idatha eqoqwe ngokwezigaba, senze ukuhlaziya kwayo kusetshenziswa amasu afanele ezibalo.
3. Basiza ukuphendula imibuzo yocwaningoNgokutadisha ubudlelwano phakathi kokuguquguqukayo, singabhekana nemibuzo ethile futhi sihlole ama-hypotheses mayelana nezigigaba esizithandayo.
4. Bavumela ukwenziwa jikelele kwemiphumela: Ngokusebenzisa okuhlukile okumelela inani labantu, singakwazi ukufinyelela eziphethweni ezisebenza ngale kwesampula esifundwe.

2. Izinhlobo zokuguquguquka

2.1 Okuguquguqukayo kwekhwalithi

Okuguquguqukayo okuzisholo

Okuguquguqukayo okujwayelekile

2.2 Iziguquguquko zobuningi

Okuguquguqukayo okuhlukile

Okuguquguqukayo okuqhubekayo

3. Ukuqoqwa kwedatha neziguquguqukayo

Izindlela zokuqoqa idatha

• Inhlolovo kanye nohlu lwemibuzo
• Izingxoxo
• Ukubuka okuqondile
• Ukuhlolwa
• Amarekhodi kanye yolwazi ekhona

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ziyini izinhlolovo futhi zisetshenziswa kanjani kwizibalo?

Ukukhetha okuguquguqukayo okufanele

• Ukufaneleka: Okuguquguqukayo kufanele kuhambisane nenkinga noma into efundwayo.
• Ukukaleka: Okuguquguqukayo kufanele kulinganiseke ngendlela enokwethenjelwa futhi kulinganiseke.
• Ukuphelela: Okuguquguqukayo okukhethiwe kufanele kufake zonke izici ezibalulekile zesenzo sentshisekelo.

4. Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo neziguquguqukayo

Izibalo ezichazayo

• Izilinganiso zokuthambekela okumaphakathi, njengencazelo, i-median, nemodi.
• Izinyathelo zokuhlakazeka, njengobubanzi, ukuhluka, nokuchezuka okujwayelekile.
• Amathebula okuvama kwamagrafu, njengama-histograms neziqephu zamabhokisi.

Ukucatshangelwa kwezibalo

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-hypothesis, okufana nokuhlolwa kwe-t kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-chi-square.
• Izikhathi zokuzethemba zokulinganisa amapharamitha abantu.
• Ukuhlaziywa kokuhlehla ukuze kufundwe ubudlelwano phakathi kokuguquguqukayo.

5. Izibonelo zezinto eziguquguqukayo emikhakheni ehlukene

Okuguquguqukayo kwisayensi yezenhlalo

• Izinga lemfundo
• Inzuzo
• Imibono yezombangazwe
• Izici zobuntu

Okuguquguqukayo kwisayensi yemvelo

• Ukushisa
• Ukucindezela
• Isivinini
• Ukugxila kwamakhemikhali

Okuguquguqukayo kwezamabhizinisi nezomnotho

• Intengo yomkhiqizo
• Inzuzo
• Izinga lokungasebenzi
• Inkomba Yentengo Yabathengi

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuthi Kuyini ukuguquguquka kwezibalo

1. Kuyini okuguquguqukayo okuzimele kanye nokuguquguquka okuncikile? Okuguquguqukayo okuzimele yilokho okuguquguqukayo noma okushintshiwe ukuze kubhekwe umphumela wako kokunye okuguquguqukayo. Uguquko oluncikile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yilo olukalwa futhi luthintwa izinguquko ekuguquguqukeni okuzimele.

2. Ingabe ama-qualitative variables angaguqulwa abe ama-quantitative variables? Kwezinye izimo, okuguquguqukayo kwekhwalithi kungenziwa ikhodi noma kuguqulwe kube okuguquguqukayo komthamo ngokunikeza amanani ezinombolo esigabeni ngasinye. Nokho, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha futhi kucatshangelwe ukulinganiselwa kwendlela enjalo.

3. Kuyini okuguquguqukayo okudidayo? Uguquko oludidayo yilolo oluhlobene nakho kokubili okuhlukile okuzimele kanye nokuhluka okuncikile, futhi kungase kuhlanekezele ubudlelwano bangempela phakathi kwakho uma kungalawulwa ngokwanele.

4. Kungani kubalulekile ukuchaza ngokucacile okuguquguqukayo ocwaningweni? Ukuchaza ngokucacile okuguquguqukayo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphindaphindeka nokuba semthethweni kocwaningo. Ivumela abanye abacwaningi ukuthi baqonde kahle ukuthi kukalwani nokuthi kukalwe kanjani, okwenza kube lula ukuqhathanisa nokuhlola imiphumela.

5. Ingabe okuguquguqukayo kungashintsha phakathi nesifundo? Yebo, okuguquguqukayo kungashintsha phakathi nocwaningo, ikakhulukazi ocwaningweni lwe-longitudinal oluqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukunaka lezi zinguquko futhi uzibhale lapho uhlaziya futhi utolika imiphumela.

6. Kuyini ukuguquguquka kokulawula? Ukushintshashintsha kokulawula yilokhu okugcinwa kungashintshi phakathi nokuhlolwa noma ucwaningo ukuze kuhlukaniswe umphumela wokuhluka okuzimele kokuhluka okuncikile. Isiza ukunciphisa umthelela wezinto zangaphandle ezingafuneki.

Isiphetho sokuthi What is a variable in statistics

I-athikili ehlobene:

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