Kuyini ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric?

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Kuyini ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric?

Ukuqinisekiswa kwebhayomethrikhi kuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ubuwena esebenzisa izici zomzimba ezihlukile zomuntu noma zokuziphatha. Esikhundleni samaphasiwedi noma amathokheni, ihlaziya izici ezifana nezigxivizo zeminwe, amaphethini ezwi, iris, ubuso, noma i-palm geometry ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi unguye lowo othi unguye. Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili kungabuye kuhlanganiswe nalezi zindlela ukuze kwandiswe ukuphepha.

Ukukhula kokubaluleka kokuqinisekisa kwe-biometric

Njengoba ukuxhumana okwengeziwe kanye nokuthengiselana kuqhubeka ku-inthanethi, isidingo sezixazululo zokuqinisekisa eziqinile nezilula siba yinto ebalulekile. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kunikeza enye indlela eqinile kunezindlela zendabuko, kunciphisa ingozi yokwephulwa kwedatha, ukukhwabanisa, kanye nokwebiwa kobunikazi. Lokhu kubonisa ukubaluleka okukhulayo kokuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili ekuphepheni kwedijithali.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa i-biometric

Ezinye zezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa i-biometric ngaphezu kwezinye izindlela zifaka:

• Ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe nokukhwabanisa okuncishisiwe
• Ukusebenziseka kalula komsebenzisi wokugcina
• Asikho isidingo sokukhumbula amaphasiwedi ayinkimbinkimbi
• Ukufinyelela okusheshayo nokungakhubeki
• Ukuthotshelwa okuthuthukisiwe kwemithethonqubo

Njengoba kunezinzuzo eziningi kangaka, akumangalisi ukuthi ukwamukelwa kokuqinisekiswa kwebhayomethrikhi kukhula ngokushesha ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene namacala okusebenzisa, kanye nakuma-cybersecurity, lapho indlela eqinile idingeka khona.

Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Zokuqinisekisa I-Biometric

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ze-biometric ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukufakazela ubuqiniso, ngayinye inamandla ayo kanye nemikhawulo yayo. Ake sihlole ezinye eziyinhloko:

Ukubonwa kobuso

• Isebenza kanjani Ukuqashelwa kobuso kusebenzisa ama-algorithms esofthiwe ukwenza imephu nokukhomba amaphethini obuso ahlukile. Okokuqala, thwebula isithombe sedijithali sobuso, kungaba ngekhamera yewebhu, ikhamera ye-smartphone, noma isistimu yokugada ividiyo. Ibe isihlaziya futhi iqhathanise izici ezifana nokuma kwamehlo, ikhala, imihlathi nezihlathi ngokuqhathanisa nesizindalwazi sobuso obubhalisiwe.
• Sebenzisa kumadivayisi eselula Esinye sezimo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuqashelwa kobuso ukuvula amadivaysi eselula njengama-smartphone namathebulethi. I-Apple, i-Samsung, i-Google nabanye bafake lobu buchwepheshe kumamodeli abo akamuva ukuze baqinisekise ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokuthinta.
• Aplicaciones Ngokungeziwe ekufinyeleleni kweselula, ukubonwa kobuso nakho kusetshenziswa kabanzi ukulawula ukufinyelela ngokomzimba, ukugada, umthetho, ukuthengisa, izinkokhelo, amageyimu, nokuningi. Njengoba ukunemba kuqhubeka nokuba ngcono, cishe sizobona ukutholwa okusabalele nakakhulu.

Ukuqashelwa kwe-Iris

• Inqubo yokuskena Ukuqashelwa kwe-iris kubandakanya ukuskena nokwenza imephu amaphethini ayingqayizivele ngaphakathi kwe-iris yeso lomuntu. Inzwa yekhamera ekhethekile ithwebula isithombe sokucaca okuphezulu kwe-iris, ihlaziya ukuthungwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwemigqa, ama-crypts, ama-corona nezinye izici. Lolu lwazi lube lubhalwa ngekhodi futhi luqhathaniswe nedatha ye-iris egciniwe.
• Ukunemba okuphezulu Ukuqashelwa kwe-iris kuthathwa njengenye yezindlela ezinembe nezithembekile ze-biometric ezitholakalayo, ezinamaphutha aphansi ngendlela emangalisayo. Yonke iris yomuntu iyingqayizivele ngempela, futhi ngisho namawele afanayo anamaphethini ahlukene.
• Sebenzisa amacala Nakuba kungenandawo yonke njengokubonwa kobuso noma kwezigxivizo zeminwe, ukuskena kwe-iris kusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezivikeleke kakhulu ezifana nokufakwa kwezempi, amajele, izikhumulo zezindiza kanye nokuwela imingcele yamazwe ngamazwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kumadivayisi eselula nasezinhlelweni zezezimali nakho kuyahlolwa.

Izigxivizo zeminwe

• Ubuchwepheshe bokufunda Ukuqashelwa kwezigxivizo zeminwe cishe kuyindlela endala futhi eyaziwa kakhulu ye-biometric. Isebenza ngokuthwebula isithombe sedijithali sezigodi eziyingqayizivele namagquma eminweni yakho, noma kusetshenziswa inzwa yokubona noma isifundi sesimo esiqinile. Lolu lwazi lube senziwe imephu bese luqhathaniswa nezigxivizo zeminwe ezigcinwe kusizindalwazi.
• Kusetshenziswa kabanzi Ngenxa yomlando wayo omude nokusebenziseka kalula, ukuqinisekiswa kwezigxivizo zeminwe kutholakala yonke indawo. Siyithola kumadivayisi eselula, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amasistimu okulawula ukufinyelela ngokomzimba, izikena zesikhathi nezikena zokuba khona nokunye. Ingenye yezindlela ezingabizi kakhulu futhi ezifakazelwe zokufakazela ubuqiniso be-biometric.
• Izibonelo Ezinye izibonelo ezivelele zokusetshenziswa kwezigxivizo zeminwe zihlanganisa ukuvula ama-smartphone, ukufinyelela izakhiwo zikahulumeni nezinkampani, ukulawula imingcele, ukuthengiselana kwezezimali kanye nezinkokhelo zamaselula ezivikelekile.

Ukuqashelwa kwenkulumo

• Isampula yezwi Ukuqinisekiswa kwezwi noma ukubonwa kwesipikha kuhlaziya amaphethini enkulumo ahlukile yomuntu ngamunye. Okokuqala, isampula yezwi lomsebenzisi liyarekhodwa futhi izici ezifana nephimbo, i-timbre, i-cadence nesigqi ziyakhishwa. Le “modeli yezwi” ibe isiqhathaniswa nezwi elingenayo ngesikhathi sokufakazela ubuqiniso.
• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile Ukuqashelwa kwezwi kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukufinyelela okunengqondo, njengokuvula amadivayisi noma ama-akhawunti aku-inthanethi. Iphinde isetshenziswe kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokuphendula ngezwi (IVR) zokuhlonza ikhasimende lapho ushayela izikhungo zezingcingo. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zifaka izimoto, amakhaya ahlakaniphile nabasizi bezwi.
• Izinselelo Nakuba kulula futhi kungaxhunywanga, amasistimu okubona izwi angathinteka umsindo wendawo, ukugula, noma izinguquko ezwini lomsebenzisi. Izilinganiso zokunemba namaphutha nazo ziyahluka kakhulu kunezinye i-biometrics.

I-geometry yePalm

• Ukuskena komugqa wesundu Ijiyomethri yesundu ihlaziya futhi yenze imephu imigqa eyingqayizivele, amaqupha, namakhonsana wesandla sakho. Iskena esikhethekile sithwebula isithombe sesundu futhi sisiguqule sibe ikhodi yebhayomethrikhi eqhathaniswa nedatha egcinwe kusizindalwazi.
• Isebenzisa ekulawuleni ukufinyelela Le nqubo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukufinyelela ngokomzimba ezakhiweni, izinsiza kanye nengqalasizinda ebalulekile. Ilungele lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwayo kalula, ukunemba kanye nesimo esingahlaseli senqubo yokuskena.
• Amaphuzu okufanele acatshangelwe Okunye okungalungile kwejometri yesundu ukuthi ingathinteka ukuguga, ukulimala, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezishintsha ukubonakala kwesandla. Ingase futhi idinge izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha eziyisipesheli futhi iphatheke kancane kunezinye izixazululo.

Ezinye Izinhlobo Ezisafufusa

• Ukubonwa Kwesiginesha Ukuhlaziywa kwesiginesha kungaqinisekisa ubunikazi bomuntu ngokuhlola amaphethini ahlukile esivinini, ingcindezi, nokusheshisa kusiginisha yabo ebhalwe ngesandla. Kungenziwa ngezisetshenziswa zikagesi ezifana namaphedi esiginesha edijithali.
• I-Retina Scan Ngokufana nokuqashelwa kwe-iris, ukuskena kwe-retinal kumephu amaphethini emithambo yegazi eyingqayizivele ku-retina yeso. Kuyindlela enembe kakhulu, kodwa idinga amathuluzi abizayo futhi ingase ingakhululeki kwabanye abasebenzisi.
• Amaphethini we-Vascular Izinhlelo zokuqaphela imithambo zihlaziya amaphethini ahlukile emithambo ekhona ezandleni zomuntu, iminwe, noma isihlakala. Iwubuchwepheshe obuthembisayo obusesigabeni esisafufusa.

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zokuqinisekisa I-Biometric

Ukusebenziseka Kalula

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Esikhundleni sokuthi bakhumbule amaphasiwedi noma baphathe amathokheni aphathekayo, abasebenzisi bamane badinga ukwethula ingxenye yomzimba wabo ukuze iqinisekiswe. Le nqubo esheshayo nesamanzi ithuthukisa kakhulu ulwazi lomsebenzisi futhi ihambisana namasistimu okuqinisekisa enza kube lula ukufinyelela.

Ukuphepha Okuqinisiwe

Ngokuthembela kuzici zomzimba zangaphakathi noma zokuziphatha, ukufakazela ubuqiniso bebhayomethrikhi kumelana kakhulu nezinsongo ezivamile ezinjengokwebiwa kwephasiwedi, ukulahlekelwa amathokheni, noma ukwebiwa kobunikazi. Kunzima kakhulu kumuntu okhohlisayo ukukhohlisa isici se-biometric esiyingqayizivele njengesigxivizo seminwe noma iphethini ye-iris. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokuqinisekisa kuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe lokhu kuvikeleka.

Awekho Amaphasiwedi Okufanele Akhunjulwe

Ukukhohlwa, ukubhala kabi, noma ukulahleka kwamaphasiwedi kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yezingcingo zokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokulahlekelwa umkhiqizo. Ngokususa isidingo samaphasiwedi, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kunciphisa leli khanda kanye nezindleko ezihambisana nalo. Lokhu kuhambisana nemikhuba emihle kakhulu yokuphepha kanye nobumfihlo.

Ukuvimbela Ukukhwabanisa

Ngokudinga isixhumanisi esiqondile sebhayoloji kumsebenzisi osemthethweni, ukufakazela ubuqiniso bebhayomethrikhi kuphumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni imisebenzi yokukhwabanisa efana nokwebiwa kobunikazi, ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, nemisebenzi engamanga. Yengeza isendlalelo sokuvikela okunzima ukusidlula.

Ukuthobela okuvamile

Izimboni eziningi ezilawulwayo ezifana nezinsizakalo zezezimali, ezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nohulumeni zinezidingo eziqinile zokuqinisekisa ubuwena. Amasistimu e-biometric asiza ukuhlangabezana nokuthobelana ngokunikeza indlela eqinile yokuqinisekisa komsebenzisi.

Ukufinyelela Okusheshayo Nokulula

Ukuqinisekiswa kwebhayomethrikhi kusheshisa inqubo yokungena ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuphepha. Asikho isidingo sokukhumbula amaphasiwedi noma ukucinga amathokheni aphathekayo, okuholela ekufinyeleleni okusebenza kahle kakhudlwana kumadivayisi, ama-akhawunti, nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Izinselele Nokukhathazeka

Ngenkathi ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezibalulekile, kubuye kube nezinselelo nokukhathazeka okudingeka kubhekwe:

• Ubumfihlo Nokukhathazeka Kwezimiso Zokuziphatha Ukuqoqa nokugcina idatha yomuntu siqu ye-biometric kubangela ubungozi bobumfihlo obubalulekile uma lolu lwazi luwela ezandleni ezingalungile. Imibuzo yezimiso zokuziphatha iyaphakama futhi mayelana nokuqapha kwe-biometric kanye nemvume.
• Izingozi Zokuzenza Ongeyena Nakuba kunzima kakhulu kunamagama ayimfihlo noma amathokheni, akukhonakali ukuthi izigebengu zizame ukuzenza noma zikhohlise izinhlelo zebhayomethrikhi. Izindlela zokwephula usongo zingase zibandakanye ukukhohlisa ngokomzimba, ukurekhodwa kwezwi, noma imijovo yedatha engamanga.
• Izindleko Zokuqala Eziphezulu Ukusebenzisa izixazululo ze-biometric, ikakhulukazi ezindleleni ezingavuthiwe, kungabiza kakhulu ngenxa yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezikhethekile, ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, kanye nezidingo zokubhaliswa kwabasebenzisi. Izindleko eziqhubekayo nazo kufanele zicatshangelwe.
• Ukunemba Okuguquguqukayo Nakuba ezinye izindlela ze-biometric ezifana nokubonwa kwe-iris zinembile kakhulu, ezinye ezifana nezwi noma ukubona ubuso zingase zibe namazinga aphezulu amaphutha kuye ngendawo nobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe. Ukunemba okungalungile kungabangela ukukhungatheka komsebenzisi.
• Izinkinga Ngabantu Abathile Amanye amasistimu e-biometric angase abhekane nezinselele lapho eqinisekisa amaqembu athile ezibalo zabantu. Isibonelo, izilinganiso zamaphutha zokubonwa kobuso zingase zibe phezulu kubantu abanebala elimnyama noma abesifazane. Abafundi bezigxivizo zeminwe bangase babe nezinkinga nabantu asebekhulile noma abasebenza ngezandla.
• Ukukhathazeka komsebenzisi Kukhona ukuphikisa komphakathi kanye nokungathembani mayelana ne-biometrics, ikakhulukazi mayelana nobumfihlo kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kwedatha okungenzeka. Ukunqoba le mibono engemihle kanye nokufundisa abasebenzisi mayelana nezivikelo kuzoba ukhiye ekwamukelweni okubanzi.

Imikhakha Ebalulekile Nezicelo

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza cishe kuzo zonke izimboni nokuma mpo. Nansi eminye yemikhakha ebaluleke kakhulu nezimo zokusebenzisa:

• Uhulumeni kanye Nokugcinwa Komthetho I-biometrics isetshenziswa kakhulu ama-ejensi kahulumeni ukuze kugadwe, ukulawula imingcele, imininingwane yokugcinwa komthetho, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kobunikazi bezinhlelo zenzuzo.
• Izikhungo zezimali Amabhange nezinkampani ze-fintech zisebenzisa ukufakazela ubuqiniso bebhayomethrikhi ukwenza okuthile okuphephile, ukubhanga ngeselula, ukuvimbela ukukhwabanisa nokuthobela i-KYC.
• Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha I-Biometrics ivikela ukufinyelela kumarekhodi ezokwelapha futhi isize ngokuhlonza isiguli, ukulawulwa kwendawo ekhawulelwe, nokulandelelwa kwempahla.
• Ezokuvakasha nezokuvakasha Izikhumulo zezindiza, izindiza zezindiza namahhotela zisebenzisa i-biometrics ukwenza lula ukugibela, ukungena kanye nezinqubo zokulawula umngcele.
• Ibhizinisi kanye ne-HR Izinkampani zisebenzisa amasistimu ebhayomethrikhi ekulawuleni ukufinyelela okuphathekayo nokunengqondo, ukurekhoda isikhathi nokuba khona, nokuqapha abasebenzi.
• I-Consumer Electronics Amadivayisi amaningi eselula, amakhompyutha, kanye nemikhiqizo ye-IoT ihlanganisa ukuqinisekiswa kwebhayomethrikhi ukuze kuvulwe, ukungena ngemvume, nokwenza izinkokhelo.
• imfundo Izikhungo zemfundo zisebenzisa ukuqashelwa kwebhayomethrikhi ukulawula ukufinyelela, ukuphepha kwekhampasi nokulandelela abafundi.
• Izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zeselula zisebenzisa i-biometrics yokungena ngemvume, ukufakazela ubuqiniso benkokhelo, kanye nolwazi olungenaphasiwedi.

Ikusasa Lokugunyazwa Kwebhayomethrikhi

• Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kuzoqhubeka nokuhlomula ekuthuthukisweni ezindaweni ezifana ukuhlakanipha okufakelwayo, ukufunda okuzenzakalelayo, ukubona ikhompuyutha nokucutshungulwa kwesignali. Lokhu kuzovumela ukunemba okukhulu, amaphutha ambalwa kanye nokunethezeka okukhulu komsebenzisi.
• Ukutholwa Okusabalele Njengoba izindleko zehla futhi ukujwayela kwabathengi kukhuphuka, ukwamukelwa kwe-biometrics kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke ngesivinini kuzo zonke izimboni. Ohulumeni namabhizinisi babheke ukukhipha amagama ayimfihlo namathokheni.
• Multimodal Systems Kunokuthembela esicini esisodwa se-biometric, amasistimu e-“multimodal” azohlanganisa izindlela ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ukuze kuzuzwe amazinga okuphepha aphezulu nakakhulu. Isibonelo, ukubonwa kobuso + izwi noma izigxivizo zeminwe + iris.
• Umthethonqubo Omkhulu Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwedatha ye-biometric kukhula, kuzovela imithetho eyengeziwe nemithetho kahulumeni ukuze kubhekwane nobumfihlo, ukugcinwa kwedatha, imvume, nezinye izinkinga zezimiso zokuziphatha kanye namalungelo omphakathi.
• Amacala Okusetshenziswa Okusha I-Biometrics izothola izimo ezintsha zokusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezifana nezinkokhelo ngaphandle kokuthintwa, izimoto ezizimele, amarobhothi, amadolobha ahlakaniphile, amakhaya axhunyiwe kanye ne-metaverse/virtual reality.
• Izimiso Zokuziphatha Eziqhubekayo Nobumfihlo Nakuba ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile, ukunwetshwa kwakho kuzodinga ukugxila ngokucophelela ezimisweni zokuziphatha, obala, ukulunga kanye nobumfihlo babasebenzisi ukuze kugcinwe ukwethenjwa komphakathi.

Isiphetho sokuthi kuyini ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric

Isifinyezo Samaphuzu Abalulekile

• Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric, yini ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric?, kuqinisekisa ubunikazi ngezici zomzimba ezihlukile noma zokuziphatha
• Inikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokuvikeleka okukhulu, ukunethezeka nokuvimbela ukukhwabanisa.
• Izindlela eziyinhloko zihlanganisa izigxivizo zeminwe, ubuso, iris, izwi nesundu.
• Ibeka izinselele zobumfihlo, ukunemba, izindleko kanye nokwamukelwa komsebenzisi.
• Isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni, kusukela kuhulumeni kuya kumakhalekhukhwini.
• Ukwamukelwa okukhulu kulindeleke kuqhutshwa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izikhiye Eziyi-10 Zezinhlelo Zokuqinisekisa Eziyinhloko

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Biometric Kuyikusasa. Njengoba umhlaba uba wedijithali futhi uhambahambayo, isidingo sezindlela zokuqinisekisa eziphephile, ezilula, nezingenazinkinga sizokhula kuphela. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Biometric kuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo ngokuxhumanisa ubunikazi nezici zangaphakathi zezinto eziphilayo okunzima kakhulu ukuzintshontsha noma ukuziqamba amanga.

Ukuthola Ibhalansi Efanele: Nakuba izinzuzo zicacile, kuzobaluleka ukubhekana nezinkinga zobumfihlo, zokuziphatha, kanye nokunemba njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-biometrics kuqhubeka. Ngokuthola ibhalansi efanele, lobu buchwepheshe obuguqulayo bungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi kuyo yonke into kusukela kumadivayisi eselula kuya ekufinyeleleni kwezinkampani kanye nengqalasizinda ebalulekile. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric—kuyini ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric?—kudlala indima ebalulekile kule ntuthuko.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-MyDNI: Konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana ne-DNI entsha yedijithali kumakhalekhukhwini wakho