- Ukubambezeleka kulinganisa isikhathi sokuhamba kwedatha, kuyilapho i-jitter ingukuguquguquka kwaleso sikhathi.
- Ukujikijela okuphezulu kubangela umsindo werobhothi, izithombe ezifakwe amaphikseli, kanye nokubambezeleka okucasulayo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zesikhathi sangempela.
- Ukuzinza kokuxhumeka kuncike kakhulu ekuphathweni kwethrafikhi kanye nehadiwe kunasejubaneni elinqunyiwe.
Cishe kwenzeke kuwe: uphakathi komdlalo obalulekile noma umhlangano womsebenzi obalulekile, futhi kungazelelwe izwi lomunye umuntu lizwakala njengerobhothi, noma umlingiswa wakho womdlalo uyazulazula. Cishe, akuyona inkinga ngesivinini sakho se -fiber optic , kodwa kunemiqondo emibili yobuchwepheshe evame ukunganakwa kodwa inquma ikhwalithi yangempela yesipiliyoni sakho se-inthanethi.
Ngisho noma kunezinhlelo ezinkulu zedatha, isivinini sokulanda asifani nesivinini sokudlulisa idatha ngesikhathi sangempela. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani uxhumano lwakho ngezinye izikhathi luntengantenga, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya ukusebenzisana phakathi kokubambezeleka kanye ne-jitter , njengoba lezi ziyimbangela yangempela yokuthi ngabe ucingo lwevidiyo luyintokozo noma iphupho elibi ngokuphelele.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga: Kuyini ngempela ukubambezeleka?
Okokuqala ngezinto eziyisisekelo, ukubambezeleka (ezweni lemidlalo esikwazi kangcono njenge-ping) yisikhathi esiphelele esisithathayo ukuze iphakethe ledatha lihambe lisuka kudivayisi yakho liye kuseva bese libuyela kuwe. Lilinganiswa ngama-millisecond (ms) futhi empeleni liyisilinganiso sokuphendula kwenethiwekhi yakho.
Ezindaweni zobungcweti, ukubambezeleka okuphansi kubalulekile. Isibonelo, ukuze ucingo lwe-IP lusebenze ngaphandle kokubambezeleka okucasulayo, kungcono ukuthi leli nani kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-60 ms , yize kufika ku-150 ms kubhekwa njengokwamukelekayo. Uma lesi sikhathi sanda kakhulu, uzobona ukuthula okungajwayelekile ngemva kokuba othile ekhulumile, njengoba ulwazi luthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukufika.
I-Jitter: Isitha esingabonakali sokugeleza kwamanzi
Yilapho izinto ziba mnandi khona. I-Jitter, noma ukushintshashintsha kwenethiwekhi, ayilinganisi ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi idatha ifike, kodwa kunalokho ukuthi leso sikhathi sokufika siyahlukahluka kangakanani kusuka ephaketheni elilodwa kuya kwelinye. Cabanga ukuthi u-oda i-pizza bese utshelwa ukuthi kuzothatha imizuzu engama-30; uma ngolunye usuku ifika ku-30, enye ku-15, kanti enye ku-50, lokho kungahambi kahle yilokho kanye i-jitter eyikho.
Nakuba ukubambezeleka kuyikulibaziseka okuqhubekayo okungalawulwa uhlelo, i-jitter iwukungaguquguquki okungalindelekile . Uma amaphakethe edatha efika engahlelekile noma ngamanani angajwayelekile, idivayisi eyamukelayo ayikwazi ukwakha kabusha ukugeleza kolwazi ngendlela efanele, okuholela ekungxininizeni okuncane nokuguqulwa kwesithombe.
Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kokubambezeleka, i-jitter, kanye nokulahleka kwephakethe
Kuvamile kakhulu ukudida la magama, kodwa ayizinto ezahlukene. Ukubambezeleka yisikhathi sokuhamba, ukushaqeka ukungazinzi kwaleso sikhathi, futhi ukulahleka kwephakethe kwenzeka lapho idatha inyamalala nje endleleni futhi ingafiki lapho iya khona.
- Ukubambezeleka: Kuyisikhathi esijwayelekile sokubambezeleka. Uma kuphezulu, konke kuhamba kancane kodwa kuzinzile.
- I-Jitter: Kungukuguquguquka. Uma kuphezulu, uxhumano aluzinzile futhi luyagxumagxuma.
- Ukulahleka Kwephakethe: Ukungabikho kwedatha. Kubangela ukungasebenzi ngokushesha kanye nokunqamuka ngokuphelele kwenethiwekhi.
Lezi zindinganiso zithinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke?
Akuyona yonke imisebenzi eku-inthanethi ethinteka ngokulinganayo. Isibonelo, ukusakaza ividiyo lapho kudingeka (njenge-Netflix noma i-YouTube) akuthinteki kakhulu yi-jitter ngoba isebenzisa i -storage buffer elanda imizuzwana embalwa yokuqukethwe kusenesikhathi, imunce noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle.
Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi sangempela isimo sishintsha kakhulu:
- Imidlalo eku-inthanethi: Emidlalweni yokuncintisana, ukushaqeka okukhulu kubangela ukuthi izenzo zakho zingabhaliswa ngokushesha, okuholela ku- ukubambezeleka okungaguquki okwenza ukulawula okunembile kungenzeki.
- Izingcingo zevidiyo ne-VoIP: Kumapulatifomu afana ne-Zoom noma ama-Teams, i-jitter engaphezu kwama-30 ms ibangela ukuthi umsindo uzwakale njengerobhothi futhi ividiyo iqine, njengoba i-buffer yokuguquguquka Iba manzi noma ingabi nalutho.
- Iqiniso Elingokoqobo (i-VR): Yindawo ebucayi kakhulu; ukuhlukahluka okuncane kungabangela ukungavumelani kokubona futhi kuholele isiyezi kumsebenzisi.
Imikhawulo yekhwalithi: Kufanele ukhathazeke nini?
Ukuze unqume ukuthi uxhumano lwakho lungcono kakhulu, ungasebenzisa la mabanga e-jitter njengesiqondiso. Inani elingaphansi kwama-ms angu-20 libhekwa njengelihle kakhulu futhi liyindinganiso yokudlala imidlalo yobungcweti. Phakathi kwama-ms angu-20 no-30 kuhle kakhulu kumakholi amaningi evidiyo. Uma uqala ukubona amanani aphakathi kwama-ms angu-30 no-50, uxhumano luyamukeleka, yize ungase uqaphele ukubambezeleka ngezikhathi ezithile.
Inkinga yangempela iqala lapho sidlula ama-ms angu-50, lapho ama-dropout ebonakala khona, futhi kuba yinto engamukeleki nhlobo uma i-jitter idlula ama-ms angu-100, njengoba ukuxhumana kwesikhathi sangempela konakala ngokuphelele.
Izimbangela ezivamile zokungazinzi kwenethiwekhi
I-Jitter ngokuvamile ayibangelwa yimbangela eyodwa, kodwa inhlanganisela yezici. Okuvame kakhulu ukuminyana kwenethiwekhi yendawo , okwenzeka lapho amadivayisi amaningi kakhulu encintisana nge-bandwidth (ukulandwa kwangemuva, ama-backup amafu, noma ukusakaza kwe-4K).
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Wi-Fi nakho kudlala indima, njengoba izindonga, ama-microwave, noma iziteshi eziminyene ezivela komakhelwane kungabangela ukuthi amaphakethe ashintshe. Ngokufanayo, ihadiwe endala , njenge-router endala ene-CPU yayo engasebenzi kahle, ingaletha ukubambezeleka okungaguquki lapho kucutshungulwa ulwazi.
Amathiphu nezixazululo zokunciphisa i-jitter kanye nokubambezeleka
Uma ubona ukuthi uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi aluzinzile, kunezinyathelo eziningana ongazithatha ngaphambi kokushayela umhlinzeki wakho ucingo. Okungcono kakhulu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ukufaka ikhebula le-Ethernet esikhundleni se-Wi-Fi ; lokhu kuqeda ukuphazamiseka futhi kuzinzise ukulethwa kwephakethe ngokushesha.
Esinye isixazululo ukumisa i-Quality of Service (QoS) ku-router yakho. Lesi sici sibeka phambili ithrafikhi ebalulekile (njenge-VoIP noma imidlalo) kunokulanda okukhulu, okuvimbela isibuyekezo se-Windows ukuthi sonakalise umhlangano wakho womsebenzi. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi ugcine i-firmware ye-router yakho ibuyekeziwe futhi unciphise ibanga eliya endaweni yokufinyelela uma kufanele usebenzise uxhumano olungenantambo.
Emkhakheni webhizinisi, ikhambi lisekutholeni izinsizakalo ze-inthanethi ezizinikele nama-SLA (Izivumelwano Zezinga Lesevisi). Lokhu kuxhumana kuqinisekisa amandla akhethekile angu-1:1 kanye nokuqapha okusebenzayo okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukubambezeleka kanye nokushaqeka kuhlala kungaphansi kokulawulwa kwenkontileka, kuvimbele ukusebenza kwebhizinisi ukuthi kungaphazamiseki.
Ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kokubambezeleka okuphansi kanye nokujitha okuncane kuyindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi amathuluzi okuxhumana esimanje asebenza kahle. Kusukela ekubekeni phambili ukusetshenziswa kwekhebula kuya ekwenzeni ngcono ukuphathwa kwethrafikhi nge-QoS, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuguqula uxhumano olungazinzile lube yisevisi ebushelelezi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuzinza kuqala kunesivinini sokulanda nje.
