Ukufinyeleleka ku-Windows: zonke izinketho ezibalulekile okudingeka uzazi

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Ukufinyeleleka ku-Windows kuye kwashintsha ekubeni yinto engaziwa kakhulu kwaba yingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu. Namuhla, kokubili i-Windows 10 ne-Windows 11 zifaka amathuluzi amaningi aklanyelwe ukuvumela abantu abanenkinga yokubona, yokuzwa, noma yokunyakaza ukuthi basebenzise ikhompyutha ngokuzimela okukhulu.

Lezi zici akuzona nje ezabasebenzisi abanezidingo ezithile: eziningi ziwusizo kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni induduzo, ukukhiqiza, kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi oluphelele kunoma ubani. Uma ukhathazwa usayizi wefonti, unenkinga yokulandela izithombe ezithile, noma ukhetha ukulawula i-PC yakho ngezwi lakho, izinketho zokufinyelela zizoba usizo olukhulu.

Kuyini ukufinyeleleka ku-Windows futhi kuthuthuke kanjani?

Uma sikhuluma ngokufinyeleleka ku-Windows, sibhekisela kuzo zonke izici ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezivumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi luvumelane nezindlela ezahlukene zokubona, ukuzwa, nokusebenzisa ikhompyutha. Umgomo ukuthi umuntu ongakwazi ukubona isikrini, onenkinga yokuzwa endlebeni eyodwa, noma onenkinga yokusebenzisa igundane, angaqhubeka nokusebenzisa ikhompyutha ngaphandle kokukhishwa.

Iminyaka eminingi, iWindows ibilokhu ingemuva kakhulu kwe-Apple kule ndawo. Ezinguqulweni ezindala njenge-Windows 7, amathuluzi afana ne-Narrator kanye ne-Magnifier ayelula kakhulu futhi, ezimweni eziningi, ayemboza kuphela izidingo ezithile kakhulu . Intuthuko yangempela yeza ne-Windows 10 futhi ihlanganiswe ku-Windows 11, lapho ukufinyeleleka kufakwa khona kusukela ekufakweni.

Namuhla singasho ukuthi iWindows inikeza uhlelo oluphelele: isifundi sesikrini esithuthukisiwe, isikhulisi, izihlungi zemibala, izingqikithi ezigqamile, imibhalo engezansi, ukuqashelwa kwenkulumo, ukulawula ikhibhodi negundane, ukulandelela amehlo, nokuningi. Konke lokhu kuhlelwe ngohlobo lwesidingo ukuze kube lula ukukuhlela.

Indlela yokufinyelela izinketho zokufinyeleleka ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows 11

Ezinguqulweni zanamuhla zesistimu, iMicrosoft ibeke zonke izici zokufinyeleleka endaweni evelele. Ku-Windows 10, imenyu ibizwa ngokuthi i-Ease of Access , kanti ku-Windows 11 ibizwa ngokuthi i-Accessibility , kodwa ifilosofi eyisisekelo iyafana.

Ku-Windows 11, indlela esheshayo ukuvula uhlelo lokusebenza lwezilungiselelo usebenzisa isinqamuleli se-Windows + I. Kukholomu engakwesobunxele, uzobona isigaba sokufinyeleleka. Ngaphakathi, konke kuhlelwe ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: Umbono, Ukuzwa, kanye Nokuxhumana. Isigaba ngasinye sihlanganisa izilungiselelo ezihlobene, njengezihlungi zombala, imibhalo engezansi evaliwe, kanye nokulawula izwi.

Enye indlela ewusizo kakhulu yokufinyelela ithuluzi elithile ukusebenzisa usesho olungaphakathi lwe-Windows . Vele uvule ibhokisi lokusesha bese uthayipha "accessibility" noma igama lesici (isibonelo, "Narrator," "Magnifier," noma "Subtitles"). Uhlelo luvame ukukuyisa ngqo ekhasini lezilungiselelo ezithile zalelo thuluzi.

Ku-Windows 10, inqubo ifana kakhulu: kusukela kumenyu ethi Qala, finyelela kuzilungiselelo bese, uma usungaphakathi, khetha i-Ease of Access . Lapho uzobona imibono efanayo: izinketho ezihlukene zokubona, ukuzwa, kanye nokusebenzisana, yize kune-interface ehlukile kancane kune-Windows 11.

Izinketho zokufinyeleleka ezihlobene nombono

Ingxenye ye-Vision cishe iyona ebanzi kakhulu. Yenzelwe abantu abayizimpumputhe, labo abangaboni kahle, abantu abangaboni kahle, noma labo abanenkinga yokuhlukanisa imibala ethile, kodwa izilungiselelo zayo ziwusizo nakunoma ubani ofuna ukwenza ngokwezifiso lokho akubonayo esikrinini.

Izilungiselelo zesikrini, usayizi wombhalo kanye nesilinganiso

Enye yezinguquko zokuqala ozothola usayizi wombhalo. I-Windows 11 ikuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule kakhulu usayizi wefonti osetshenziswa kokubili ohlelweni kanye nasezinhlelweni eziningi zokusebenza. Kulabo abane-presbyopia noma abasebenza kude ne-monitor, lolu shintsho lwenza umehluko omkhulu.

Kanye nosayizi wombhalo, uzothola isikali sesibonisi esiphelele esigabeni Sokubonisa sezilungiselelo. Lapho, ungenza konke (amafasitela, amamenyu, izithonjana) kubonakale kukhulu noma kuncane. Ngokuhlanganisa isikali nosayizi wombhalo, kulula ukuthola ibhalansi efanelekile yesibonisi sakho kanye nokubona kwakho.

Lezi zilungiselelo zilawula nokukhanya, imodi yasebusuku, kanye nesizinda sedeskithophu. Abanye abantu abangaboni kahle bakhetha ukungabi nesithombe sangemuva ukuze bahlukanise kangcono izithonjana kudeskithophu , ngakho-ke iWindows ibavumela ukuthi basebenzise isizinda esilula nesingathathi hlangothi.

Isikhombisi, inkomba yegundane, kanye nesikhombisi sombhalo

Esinye isigaba esibalulekile yi- cursor kanye nezilungiselelo ze-pointer . Lapha ungashintsha usayizi nombala we-pointer yegundane ukuze ibonakale kakhulu kunoma yisiphi isizinda. Kubasebenzisi abanombono olinganiselwe noma abalahlekelwa kalula umkhondo wegundane, ukukwazi ukulikhulisa nokulinika umbala ogqamile cishe kubalulekile.

Ungalungisa futhi ukujiya kwesikhombisi sombhalo—okungukuthi, ibha eqondile ecwayizayo uma uthayipha. Ukuyenza ibe nkulu kwenza kube lula ukuthola lapho uthayipha khona , okuwusizo kakhulu uma ukubona kwakho kuphazamiseka noma kunombhalo omningi esikrinini.

I-Windows ikuvumela futhi ukuthi ulawule ukubonakala kwezinkomba zokuthinta kumadivayisi esikrini sokuthinta. Ungalungisa indlela iziyingi noma amamaki avelayo uma uthinta isikrini aboniswa ngayo, futhi kusukela lapha ungafinyelela nezilungiselelo zegundane ezithuthukisiwe kanye nephedi yokuthinta.

Ingilazi yokukhulisa: ukukhulisa isikrini okuguquguqukayo

Ithuluzi le -Magnifier liyisici esivamile sokufinyeleleka kwe-Windows, kodwa lithuthukiswe kakhulu ezinguqulweni zakamuva. Umsebenzi walo ukukhulisa ingxenye yesikrini ukuze okuqukethwe kubonakale kukhulu ngaphandle kokubheka ngokoqobo i-monitor.

Ungenza i-Magnifier isebenze kusuka kuzilungiselelo noma ngqo ngesinqamuleli se -Windows + Plus (+) . Uma isisebenza, ungakhetha izinga lokusondeza, uchaze ukuthi ufuna ikhulise kangakanani, bese unquma ukuthi ufuna iqale ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-Windows. Ungayifaka ngisho nasesikrinini sokungena ngemvume uma uyidinga ngokushesha.

Ukubuka kwe-Magnifier kuyaguquguquka kakhulu: kungasetshenziswa isikrini esigcwele, njengefasitela elintantayo, noma kuhlanganiswe endaweni ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungalungiselela ukuthi kufanele kulandele ini: igundane, ukugxila kwekhibhodi, indawo lapho uthayipha khona umbhalo, noma ngisho nesikhombisi se-Narrator uma usebenzisa isifundi sesikrini. Kukhona nezinketho ezifana nokushelela unqenqema ukwenza umbhalo okhulisiwe ubonakale kakhudlwana, noma ukuguqulwa kombala ukuze kwandiswe ukugqama.

Izihlungi zombala, ukugqama okuphezulu, kanye nezindikimba zokugqama

Kulabo abanenkinga yokubona imibala noma ezinye izinkinga zokubona imibala, i-Windows ifaka izihlungi zombala ezithile . Ungazisebenzisa kusuka kumenyu ethi Ukufinyeleleka futhi, ezimweni eziningi, uzinike isinqamuleli sekhibhodi ukuze zishintshe ngokushesha phakathi kwazo kuye ngokuthi wenzani.

Eceleni kwalezi zihlungi kukhona inketho yokungafani okukhulu ku-Windows 10 kanye nezindikimba zokuqhathanisa ku-Windows 11. Lezi azigcini nje ngokuguqula imibala; ziyizindikimba eziphelele ezilungisa ngobuhlakani izizinda, umbhalo, kanye nezakhi zesixhumi ukuze zenze umehluko phakathi kwazo ubonakale kakhulu. Zenzelwe abantu abangaboni kahle noma abazwela ukukhanya, kodwa abaningi bayazisebenzisa ngoba nje bazithola zikhululekile.

Umlandi: Isifundi sesikrini esakhelwe ngaphakathi

I-Narrator iyisifundi sesikrini sendabuko se-Windows, ithuluzi eliguqula konke okusesikrinini kube inkulumo. Ngayo , ungafunda amadokhumenti, uphequlule amakhasi ewebhu, uzulazule kumamenyu, futhi ngokuvamile ulawule ikhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubuka isikrini.

Ingasebenza kusukela kumenyu yokufinyeleleka noma ngesinqamuleli se -Windows + Ctrl + Enter . Ngesikhathi sokuqala ivuliwe, kuvela isikrini sokwamukela esinezincazelo kanye nezixhumanisi zomhlahlandlela wokuqalisa okusheshayo. Kusukela kulelo khasi elifanayo, unganquma ukuthi uMlandisi kufanele aqale ngaphambi noma ngemva kokungena ngemvume nokuthi kufanele aboniswe encishisiwe.

Izilungiselelo zoMlandisi zibanzi kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe izwi elisetshenzisiwe, ungeze amazwi amasha, futhi ulungise ijubane, ukuphakama, kanye nevolumu . Ungalawula futhi ukuncishiswa komsindo kusuka kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho uMlandisi ekhuluma, kanye nedivayisi ekhipha umsindo.

Ngokuqondene nendlela uhlelo "olukhuluma ngayo," ungachaza izinga lemininingwane yolwazi olulumemezelayo (isibonelo, ukuthi ufunda umbhalo kuphela noma futhi ukufometha), ukugcizelela olukubeka koonobumba abakhulu noma ezinye izitayela, ukuthi kufanele yini lunikeze ifonetiki yezinhlamvu, ukuthi luhlonipha kanjani ukumiswa kwezimpawu zokubhala, kanye nosizo olunjani olunikezayo mayelana nezakhi zesikhombimsebenzisi.

Kunezigaba ezithile zokuthayipha impendulo: ungacacisa ukuthi ufuna uMlandisi afunde uhlamvu ngalunye, igama ngalinye, kokubili, noma cha, kanye nokuthi kufanele yini akuxwayise uma ucindezela okhiye bomsebenzi noma bokuzulazula. Kukhona futhi isexwayiso esizwakalayo lapho i-Caps Lock isebenza, okuwusizo kakhulu ekugwemeni ukuthayipha ngephutha amabhlogo amakhulu ombhalo nge-Caps Lock ivuliwe.

Kukhibhodi, ungakhetha ukuthi iyiphi inkinobho ezosebenza njenge-Narrator modifier (yezinqamuleli ezikhethekile), ukuthi leyo nkinobho izokhiywa noma kumele ibanjwe phansi, nokuthi ufuna ukudala izinqamuleli ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Kukhona nezinketho ezithile uma usebenzisa ikhibhodi yokuthinta.

I-Narrator ingasebenza ne-braille isebenzisa isibonisi se-braille esihambisanayo noma umugqa we-braille . Okokugcina, inikeza ikhono lokuvumelanisa zonke izilungiselelo zayo ne-akhawunti yakho ye-Microsoft ukuze ukulungiswa kwakho kusetshenziswe kuwo wonke amadivayisi akho, futhi ifaka nenketho yokuthumela imibiko yeziphazamiso ku-Microsoft.

Izinketho zokufinyeleleka ezihlobene nokuzwa

Amathuluzi abasebenzisi abanenkinga yokuzwa agxila kakhulu endleleni umsindo ophathwa ngayo kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezinye izindlela ezibonakalayo uma kunezexwayiso noma okuqukethwe okukhulunywayo. Nakuba kuncane kakhulu kunalawo okubona, athuthuke kakhulu nge-Windows 11.

Izilungiselelo zomsindo kanye nomsindo owodwa

Kusukela kumenyu yokuFinyeleleka, kokubili ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows 11, ungalawula ivolumu yesistimu iyonke kanye nevolumu yamadivayisi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Lokhu kuyasiza, isibonelo, ekwandiseni ivolumu yekholi yevidiyo kanye nokunciphisa ivolumu yomdlalo ngaphandle kokubheka uhlelo ngalunye ngokwalo.

Enye inketho ethakazelisa kakhulu umsindo we-mono. Uma umuntu ezwa kangcono ngendlebe eyodwa kunenye, noma esebenzisa i-earbud eyodwa kuphela, ukusebenzisa umsindo we-mono kuhlanganisa iziteshi zesobunxele nesokudla ukuze kungabikho ngxenye yomsindo elahlekayo. Ngale ndlela, awunciki ekuhlukanisweni kwe-stereo ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele okudlalayo.

Imibhalo engezansi ongayikhetha kanye nemibhalo engezansi ebukhoma

Esigabeni semibhalo engezansi, i-Windows ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise umbala, ukucaca, isitayela, kanye nosayizi wombhalo, kanye nemiphumela efana nemingcele nezizinda. Lezi yimibhalo engezansi yakudala ongayikhetha yamavidiyo nokuqukethwe okuvele kufakiwe, kodwa okuvumelaniswe nezidingo zomsebenzisi ezibonakalayo.

I-Windows 11 ithatha isinyathelo esiqhubekayo ngemibhalo engezansi ebukhoma . Lesi sici singalalela noma yimuphi umsindo ovela ezipikheni zekhompyutha yakho futhi siwubhale ngesikhathi sangempela njengombhalo osesikrinini. Ungahambisa ibhokisi lemibhalo engezansi noma kuphi lapho ufuna khona ukuze lingaphazamisi, futhi kwamanye amakhompyutha anamakhono e-AI, kungenzeka ngisho nokuhumusha okuqukethwe ngokushesha.

Lesi sici siyisihluthulelo kubasebenzisi abayizithulu noma abangezwa kahle, kodwa futhi siwusizo kakhulu uma udinga ukubukela ividiyo buthule, ulandele isethulo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa abanye, noma uqonde kangcono umsindo ngolunye ulimi ngokusebenzisa umbhalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-Accessibility kunezilungiselelo ezikuvumela ukuthi ubonise izexwayiso ezibonakalayo lapho izexwayiso zesistimu zizwakala, ukuze uma ungakwazi ukuzwa umsindo, uzobona uhlobo oluthile lwesaziso esikrinini noma ukukhanya okukhanyayo.

Izinketho zokufinyeleleka zokuxhumana kanye nokuhambahamba

Isigaba sokusebenzisana sihlanganisa ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa ikhibhodi negundane ngendlela yendabuko. Sihloselwe abantu abangakwazi ukuhamba ngezandla nezingalo, kodwa singaba nesithakazelo uma ufuna ukuhlola ezinye izindlela zokulawula ikhompyutha yakho.

Ukulawula izwi nokuqashelwa kwezwi

Lesi sigaba siqukethe izinketho zezwi. I-Windows ihlanganisa ukuqashelwa kwenkulumo ukuze ilawule umbhalo futhi ilawule eminye imisebenzi yesistimu ngokukhuluma. Ku-Windows 11, kunesigaba esithile esibizwa ngokuthi i-Voice, lapho ungalungiselela khona imiyalo yokuthayipha ngezwi nokulawula , kanye nokuhlanganiswa nabasizi abanjengoCortana lapho isatholakala khona.

Ukubiza kukuvumela ukuthi uguqule lokho okushoyo kube imakrofoni kube umbhalo ezinkambeni zokubhala, amadokhumenti, noma imiyalezo. Kuyindlela ewusizo kakhulu uma ukuthola kunzima ukuthayipha, uma ukhathala ngokushesha ngenxa yokuthayipha, noma uma umane ushesha ukukhuluma kunokuthayipha.

Ikhibhodi: esikrinini, okhiye abakhethekile nezinqamuleli

Ngaphakathi kwesigaba sekhibhodi, imisebenzi eyinhloko ihlose ukunciphisa isidingo sokuchofoza okunzima. Enye yekhibhodi eyaziwa kakhulu yikhibhodi esesikrinini , ekhombisa ikhibhodi ebonakalayo kusikrini ukuze ukwazi ukuthayipha ngegundane, i-trackpad, i-mouth pointer, noma amanye amadivayisi okukhomba.

Ungakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa okhiye abakhethekile, abakuvumela ukuthi ucindezele izinqamuleli ezifana ne-Ctrl + Alt + Delete noma i-Windows + another key ngaphandle kokuzibamba zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu uma ungakwazi noma ukuthola kunzima ukubamba okhiye abaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa . I-Windows ingakhipha umsindo uma kucindezelwa i-Caps Lock, i-Num Lock, noma i-Scroll Lock ukuze uhlale wazi ukuthi ziyasebenza yini.

Kunezilungiselelo ezithile zokumisa isivinini lapho okhiye bephinda khona uma bebambekile, ukubambezeleka kokuqala ngaphambi kokuphindaphinda, kanye nezinye izinketho ezisiza ukuvimbela ukuchofoza okhiye ngengozi. Ungalungisa futhi ithuluzi le-Print Screen ukuze livuleke ngqo uma ulicindezela, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthatha izithombe-skrini zabantu abangajwayelene nezinqamuleli eziningi zekhibhodi.

Ukulawula igundane kanye nesikhombisi kusuka kukhibhodi

Esigabeni se-Mouse, isici esiphawuleka kakhulu sokufinyeleleka yikhono lokulawula i-pointer usebenzisa i-keypad yezinombolo. Ngokusebenzisa okhiye begundane , i-keypad yezinombolo ingasetshenziswa ukuhambisa i-cursor, ukuchofoza, nokuhudula, okunikeza enye indlela yokuthi umuntu ongakwazi ukusebenzisa igundane elibonakalayo akhombe.

Ukusuka lapha ungafinyelela nezilungiselelo zegundane ezijwayelekile, lapho ungashintsha khona isivinini sesikhombisi, ushintshe izinkinobho zabasebenzisi abasebenzisa isandla sobunxele, noma ushintshe ukubukeka. Kuhlanganiswe nosayizi wesikhombisi kanye nokulungiswa kombala, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale ulwazi olufanele umsebenzisi ngamunye.

Ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amehlo nokulandelela

Ezinguqulweni zakamuva ze-Windows, kuvele isigaba sokulandelela amehlo . Lobu buchwepheshe, obusacatshangelwa ekubukeni kuqala noma ku-beta ezimweni eziningi, benzelwe ukusetshenziswa namadivayisi angaphandle alandelela ukunyakaza kwamehlo. Umqondo uwukuthi umsebenzisi angahambisa isikhombisi futhi enze izenzo ngokumane abheke amaphuzu athile esikrinini.

Kanye nalokhu, kukhona nenkulumo yokulandelela amehlo kanye nezinketho zombhalo ube yinkulumo, ezingahlanganiswa namadivayisi ezinkampani zangaphandle. Lezi zixazululo zibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe kakhulu abangakwazi ukusebenzisa ikhibhodi noma igundane ngendlela evamile. Nakuba zingakasabalali njengezinye izici, ukuba khona kwazo kumenyu yokuFinyeleleka kubonisa ukuthi iMicrosoft izimisele ngokusobala kule ndawo.

Ukufinyeleleka endaweni yezemfundo neyobungcweti

I-Windows isalokhu iyisistimu yokusebenza esetshenziswa kakhulu ezikoleni nasemabhizinisini, futhi imenyu yayo yokufinyeleleka idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni amathuba alinganayo. Kusukela ku-Start > Izilungiselelo > Ukufinyeleleka, bobabili othisha nabaphathi bangalungisa ikhompyutha ngokushesha ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zomfundi ngamunye noma isisebenzi.

Kwezemfundo, ibhulokhi le-Vision livame ukusetshenziswa ukwandisa usayizi wombhalo, ukusebenzisa izingqikithi ezibonisa umehluko omkhulu, noma ukumisa i-Narrator yabafundi abayizimpumputhe noma abangaboni kahle. Ibhulokhi lokuzwa lisetshenziselwa ukulungisa iziteshi zomsindo, ukunika amandla imibhalo engezansi, nokuhlanganisa lokhu nezinto zokufunda ezifinyeleleka kalula.

Ekusebenzisaneni, izici ezifana namakhibhodi asesikrinini, ukulawula igundane okusekelwe kukhibhodi, kanye nokufinyelela ngezwi kubalulekile kubafundi abanezinkinga zokunyakaza komzimba. Ezimweni zomsebenzi, zivumela nabantu abakhubazekile ngokomzimba ukuthi benze imisebenzi yabo besebenzisa indawo yedijithali efanayo neyabanye abantu, ngokulungiswa okukhethekile okufakwe ohlelweni uqobo.

Uma kubhekwa konke lokhu, wonke la mathuluzi abonisa ukuthi iMicrosoft iyaqonda ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu osebenzisa ikhompyutha ngendlela efanayo nokuthi ukufinyeleleka akuyona into eyengeziwe, kodwa yisimo esidingekayo ukuze noma ubani ahlanganyele ezweni ledijithali, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufunda, usebenza noma umane ujabulela ikhompyutha yakhe ekhaya.