Umehluko phakathi kweWayland ne-X11 ku-KDE Plasma kanye nomthelela wazo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza

Informatec Digital » Linux » Umehluko phakathi kweWayland ne-X11 ku-KDE Plasma kanye nomthelela wazo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza

Cishe uke waphawula ukuthi ingxoxo ye-Wayland vs. X11 iyisihloko esishisayo emphakathini we-Linux. Uma usebenzisa i-KDE Plasma, kungenzeka ukuthi uke waphawula ukuthi izinto sezibucayi, njengoba ithimba lokuthuthukisa seliqalile ukuqeda izikhathi ze-Xorg ukuze ligxile yonke imizamo yalo ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo. Akukhona ukuthi bafuna ukwenza izinto zibe nzima kithi, kodwa ukugcina izinhlelo ezimbili zezithombe ngesikhathi esisodwa kuyindaba ebuhlungu evimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwedeskithophu.

Kwabaningi, lokhu kuzwakala njengokungasho lutho noma ingxoxo yobuchwepheshe engathinti umsebenzi wabo wansuku zonke, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi kuthinta indlela izinhlelo zakho ezisebenzisana ngayo nesikrini nekhibhodi. Ukushintsha kusuka ohlelweni olulodwa kuya kolunye akukhona nje ukushintsha inketho esikrinini sokuqala; kuhilela ukuqonda ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi azoqhubeka nokusebenza nokuthi yimaphi angabangela izinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma ungumuntu ozenzakalela konke ngezikripthi noma osebenzisa izinto eziphathelene nekhompyutha ezithile.

Kuyini konke lokhu? X11 vs. Wayland

Ukuze uqale ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokuxinwa yizinto zobuchwepheshe ezingenakwenzeka, cabanga ukuthi iseva yehluzo iyisihumushi phakathi kwezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza kanye nehadiwe. I-X11 ingumakadebona wesimo , uhlelo oluneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu lungaphansi kwebhande lalo. Ibilokhu iyindinganiso ephelele, iyahambisana cishe nanoma yini ehlelwe kusukela ngawo-90, futhi iqinile kakhulu. Inkinga ukuthi iyisakhiwo esidala, esigcwele ama-patches, futhi inemodeli yokuphepha ekhululekile lapho noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza lungakwazi ukuhlola okwenzekayo kwelinye iwindi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinoWayland , umlandeli wesimanje . Le protocol yazalelwa ukuhlanza indlu, ukususa ubunzima obungadingekile nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza nokuphepha. EWayland, umqambi uphethe, futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza azinakho ukufinyelela okungenamkhawulo kulo lonke uhlelo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kwenza isipiliyoni sibe lula kakhulu futhi sisebenze kahle , ikakhulukazi kwihadiwe entsha, yize kwadingeka kudlule inqubo yokuvuthwa ehamba kancane ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamisa ukuhamba komsebenzi kwabasebenzisi.

Ushintsho lwendlela ku-KDE Plasma

I-KDE yenze isinqumo esinzima: ukuyeka iseshini ye-X11 yomdabu . Kusukela ngezinguqulo zakamuva ezifana ne-Plasma 6.8, inketho yokuqalisa ideskithophu ngqo ku-Xorg isinyamalele noma isizophuma. Qaphela ukuthi lokhu akusho ukuthi izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ezindala zizoyeka ukuvula. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona i-XWayland, ungqimba lokuhambisana oluvumela izinhlelo ezenzelwe i-X11 ukuthi zisebenze ngaphakathi kweseshini ye-Wayland ngaphandle kokuthi wena uqaphele.

Isizathu salokhu kuthutha sisebenza kahle nje. Ukulondoloza ukwesekwa kwazo zombili lezi zindawo kuphinda kabili umzamo wokuhlola kanye namaphutha. Ngokugxila ku-Wayland, i-KDE ingaqalisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuphathwa kombala, ukuthinta, kanye nokusebenza ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuphula okuthile kuseva yehluzo eneminyaka engu-30 ubudala. Kuyisinyathelo esidingekayo ukuze ideskithophu ihlale inokuncintisana futhi inesimanje.

Lokhu kuzithinta kanjani izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza kanye nomsebenzi wakho?

Yilapho izinto ziba mnandi khona. Kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile osebenzisa isiphequluli, i-LibreOffice, ne-Spotify, ushintsho alubonakali. Kodwa-ke, uma ungumsebenzisi othuthukile, kunezinkinga ezibalulekile ezingase ziphulwe ngokushiya i-X11. Inkinga akuyona inqubo ngokwayo, kodwa kunalokho ukuthi i-Wayland iqine kakhulu ngokuphepha nezimvume.

• Izinqamuleli zomhlaba wonke kanye ne-Push-to-Talk: Ku-X11, noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza lungabamba okhiye ngisho noma lungagxilile. Ku-Wayland, lokhu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwe amaphothali okuphephaUma usebenzisa amathuluzi e-Discord noma okuxhumana nama-hotkey, ungase uqaphele ukuthi awasasebenzi ngendlela efanayo.
• Isithombe-skrini nokusakaza: Amathuluzi afana ne-OBS asevele athuthele ku- I-PipeWire ukuphatha ukuthwebula ividiyo, kodwa ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala ezazisebenzisa i-XGetImage zingase zibangele izinkinga.
• Okuzenzakalelayo kanye nemibhalo: Uma unezikripthi ezincike ku- xrandr kumamonitha noma xdotool Ukuze ulingise ukuchofoza, lungela, ngoba Lawa mathuluzi awasebenzi eWaylandKuzodingeka ubheke ezinye izindlela ezifana ydotool o wtype.
• Ukulawula Umbala Ne-Gamma: Ukulungisa umbala wesikrini ngesandla kwakulula kakhulu nge xrandrManje, sithembele ku- Amaphrofayela we-ICC kanye nokusekelwa komqambi, okungaba nzima kakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo.

Kufanele ukhathazeke nini futhi yini okufanele uyenze?

Akuwona wonke umuntu okufanele athathe isinyathelo kusasa. Uma unehadiwe endala kakhulu noma abashayeli be-NVIDIA abakudala (amagatsha angu-470 noma ngaphambili), i-Wayland ingase ingabi yindlela engcono kakhulu, njengoba ukwesekwa okusheshayo kungaqinisekisiwe. Kulezo zimo, i-X11 ihlala iyindawo ephephile.

Kwabanye abantu, inkambo ehlakaniphile kakhulu yokuhlola izinhlelo zakho . Ungagcini nje ngokuthembela ekuqalisweni kwedeskithophu; zama ukwabelana ngesikrini sakho kukholi yevidiyo, usebenzisa ama-macro akho ekhibhodi, nokuxhuma ama-monitor angaphandle ukuze ubone ukuthi konke kuyasebenza yini. Uma uthola okuthile okungalungile, ikhambi elingcono kakhulu ukubheka enye indlela yendabuko ye-Wayland noma uhlole ama-portal e-KDE ukuthola isibuyekezo sesofthiwe esilungisa inkinga.

Ukuba nesu lokufuduka ngezigaba kubalulekile. Ungafaka iseshini ehlukile ukuze ubuyele kweyangaphambilini ngokuchofoza okukodwa uma kukhona okungahambi kahle phakathi nosuku olubalulekile lomsebenzi. Khumbula ukuthi i-XWayland igcina izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi , kodwa imisebenzi yesistimu (njengokulawula kude noma ukufaka ikhibhodi) yiyo edinga ngempela ushintsho endleleni yokucabanga.

Ukushintshela eWayland ku-KDE Plasma kuyindlela eyodwa ebeka phambili ukuphepha nokusebenza kunokuhambisana nefa. Ngenkathi ukulahlekelwa yizikhathi ze-X11 zasendaweni kungabakhathaza labo abathembele kumaskripthi amadala noma ihadiwe yefa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-XWayland kanye namaphothali amasha okuphepha kwenza isipiliyoni sisebenzele iningi elikhulu. Indlela ehlakaniphile kakhulu ukuqala ukuhlola indawo yesimanje manje, ukuthola ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi abalulekile okudingeka ashintshwe, ukuze ugweme ukubanjwa ungalindele yisibuyekezo esizayo phakathi kwephrojekthi ebalulekile.