- Ukwehlukaniswa kobuchwepheshe phakathi kokulawulwa kokufinyelela kokusebenza (i-IAM), ukuphathwa kwe-akhawunti ebalulekile (i-PAM) kanye nokuphathwa kwamasu (i-IGA).
- Indima ephazamisayo ye-ISPM njengesendlalelo sokuhlaziya ubungozi esiqhubekayo esiqapha ukusebenza kahle kwamanye amathuluzi.
- Ukubaluleka kokuhlanganisa lezi zifundo kwi-Identity Fabric ukuze kuhambisane nemithethonqubo efana ne-NIS2, i-DORA kanye ne-GDPR.
Namuhla, ukuzama ukuvikela inkampani ngaphandle kokuqonda okucacile kokuthi ubani ongena nokuthi yini abangayithola kufana nokushiya umnyango wakho wangaphambili uvuliwe futhi ungalindeli muntu ozongena. Ngokukhula kwe-cloud computing, umsebenzi okude, kanye nezindawo ezixubile, ukuphathwa kobunikazi sekuyinto eyinhloko yokuphepha kwe-cyber ezinkampanini . Iphasiwedi eqinile ayisanele; ingozi yangempela isezimvumeni eziqongelela eminyakeni edlule, ama-akhawunti abasebenzi bangaphambili abahlala besebenza, kanye nalawo malungelo angabiwanga kahle ayisipho kunoma yimuphi umgebengu.
Ukuze kulungiswe lesi siphithiphithi, kuye kwavela imikhakha eyahlukene, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi ididekile, enemisebenzi ehlukene kakhulu. Kusukela ekulawuleni ukufinyelela kwansuku zonke kuya ekuhloleni okujulile kanye nokuhlaziywa kwengozi ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-IAM, i-PAM, i-IGA, i-IDaaS, kanye ne-ISPM kuyindlela kuphela yokuvimbela umhlaseli ukuthi ahambe ngokukhululeka kunethiwekhi yakho. Akukhona nje ukufaka isofthiwe, kodwa mayelana nokwakha isu lapho ingxenye ngayinye ihlangana khona ukuze ubunikazi bube yimpahla evikelekile hhayi ubuthakathaka bokuphepha.
I-IAM: Umlindi wengqalasizinda
I-Identity and Access Management (IAM) empeleni uhlelo oluqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu ofanele uthola izinsiza ezifanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Yithuluzi lokusebenza eliqinisekisa ubunikazi futhi linikeze izimvume ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma ufuna ukungena kuhlelo lokusebenza, i-IAM yiyo ecela iziqinisekiso zakho bese inquma ukuthi ungaqhubeka yini.
Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka, sithola imisebenzi ebalulekile njengokuqinisekisa kanye nokugunyazwa , lapho kusetshenziswa khona izindlela ezifana ne-biometrics noma i-MFA ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungumuntu ozibiza ngokuthi ungubani. Iphinde iphathe umjikelezo wokuphila komsebenzisi oyisisekelo futhi isebenzisa ukulawula ukufinyelela okusekelwe ezindimeni (RBAC) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akekho onezimvume ezingaphezu kwalokho akudingayo emsebenzini wakhe wansuku zonke. Kumakhasimende angaphandle, kukhona i-CIAM (Customer IAM) , ehlanganisa ukuphepha okuqinile kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi okungenazihibe, okuvimbela ukukhungatheka kwamakhasimende lapho ezama ukufinyelela i-akhawunti yawo.
I-PAM: Ukuqapha izihluthulelo zombuso
Uma i-IAM ingumgcini womnyango emnyango omkhulu, i-Privileged Access Management (PAM) ingunogada oqapha isisefo. Igxila kuphela kuma -akhawunti anamalungelo aphezulu , njengabaphathi bezinhlelo noma ochwepheshe be-IT, abanamandla okususa izizindalwazi noma ukushintsha ukucushwa okubalulekile.
I-PAM ayigcini nje ngokugcina amaphasiwedi ezindaweni ezivikelekile, kodwa futhi isebenzisa ukufinyelela kwe -Just-in-Time (JIT) , okusho ukuthi imvume inikezwa kuphela isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kuqedwe umsebenzi bese iphelelwa yisikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye yezinzuzo zayo ezinkulu ukuqoshwa kweseshini ; uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, ungabuyela emuva ubone ukuthi yimuphi umyalo owenziwe ngumphathi, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlolweni nasekuphenduleni kwezehlakalo.
IGA: Ubuchopho obunesu kanye nokuphatha
Yilapho kungena khona i-Identity Governance and Administration (IGA). Nakuba i-IAM iyimisipha eqhuba ukufinyelela, i-IGA ingubuchopho obuchaza imithetho yomdlalo . Umgomo wayo akukhona ukuthi "yebo" noma "cha" lapho ungena ngemvume, kodwa ukuhlaziya ukuthi lokho kufinyelela kuyahambisana yini nezinqubomgomo zenkampani kanye nemithetho yamanje.
I-IGA yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke i-lifecycle ngezinqubo ze- Joiner, Move, kanye ne-Leaver . Uma othile ejoyina (Joiner), unikezwa ukufinyelela okuncane; uma eshintsha izindima (Move), izimvume zakhe zakudala ziyasulwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwanda kwamalungelo; futhi uma ehamba (Leaver), konke ukufinyelela kwakhe kuyahoxiswa ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ama-akhawunti ayizintandane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IGA ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukufinyelela , idinga abaphathi ukuthi babuyekeze njalo ukuthi abasebenzi babo basadinga izimvume abanazo.
I-IDaaS: Ubuwena Efwini
Ubunikazi njengesevisi (i-IDaaS) akuyona insimu ehlukile, kodwa kuyindlela yokuletha izinsizakalo ze-IAM ngefu. Esikhundleni sokumisa amaseva ayo nokuphatha ama-patches, inkampani ithola insizakalo ephethwe enikeza i- Single Sign-On (SSO) kanye ne-MFA phakathi nendawo.
Lokhu kulungele izinhlangano ezifuna ukukhuliswa okusheshayo futhi ezisebenza kakhulu ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-SaaS. I-IDaaS ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bangene kanye futhi bafinyelele amathuluzi amaningi ngaphandle kokukhumbula amaphasiwedi ayishumi ahlukene, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi womnyango we-IT.
I-ISPM: Uhlaka lokuhlaziya ubungozi oluqhubekayo
Ukuphathwa Kwesimo Sokuphepha Kobunikazi (ISPM) kuyisici esisha kakhulu sephazili. Ngokungafani nezinhlelo zangaphambilini, ezinesibopho sokwenza noma sokuphatha, i-ISPM iskena futhi ihlole ukuphepha kokufinyelela okusungulwe ezinye izinhlelo. Kufana nomhloli ohlala ehlola ukuthi izingidi ze-IAM ne-PAM zixhunywe kahle yini.
I-ISPM ifuna izithunzi , ama-akhawunti esevisi akhohliwe, noma ukulungiselelwa okungalungile ku-Active Directory okungavumela ukunyakaza okuseceleni. Inani layo lisekuhlaziyeni izindlela zokuhlasela : ingakwazisa ukuthi umsebenzisi ongenawo i-MFA unezimvume ezimvumela ngokungaqondile ukufinyelela iseva ebalulekile. Ayithathi indawo ye-IAM noma i-PAM, kodwa kunalokho ibatshela ukuthi bahluleka kuphi ukuze bakwazi ukulungisa inkinga.
Ukuhambisana Kokubambisana Nokulawula
Uma zonke lezi zingcezu zihlangana ndawonye kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i- Identity Fabric , ukuphepha kuyayeka ukusebenza. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuyisihluthulelo sokuthobela imithetho eqinile yaseYurophu. Isibonelo, i-NIS2 kanye ne-ENS zidinga ukubonakala okuphelele kokuthi ubani ofinyelela izinhlelo ezibalulekile, into engafezwa kuphela ngokuhlanganisa ukuqaliswa kwe-IAM nokuhlolwa kwe-IGA.
Emkhakheni wezezimali, umthetho we -DORA uphoqelela ukuqina kwedijithali, okudinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwabantu besithathu kanye nabaphakeli. Lapha, i-IGA kanye ne-PAM basebenzisana eduze ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abeluleki bangaphandle banokufinyelela kuphela kulokho okudingekayo kakhulu nokuthi yonke into abayithathayo ibhaliwe. Lokhu, kuhlanganiswe nokuhlaziywa kokuziphatha kanye nokutholwa kwezinkinga ezingavamile, kuvumela ukulindela izinsongo eziqhutshwa yi-AI ngaphambi kokuba zibe ukwephulwa kokuphepha.
Ubunjalo Bomuntu Nobungebona Bomuntu
Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi namuhla siphatha okungaphezu nje kwabantu. Kukhona ubunikazi obungebona abantu , njenge-bots, ama-API, imisebenzi yamafu, namadivayisi e-IoT. Lobu bunikazi buvame ukuba yisixhumanisi esibuthakathaka ngoba buvame ukuba nezimvume eziqhubekayo namaphasiwedi angashintshi.
Uhlelo oluqinile kumele lusebenzise isimiso se -Zero Trust kokubili kubasebenzi kanye nakumasevisi amancane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayikho inhlangano enokufinyelela okuzenzakalelayo nokuthi isicelo ngasinye kumele siqinisekiswe, siqinisekiswe, futhi sibhalwe phansi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sivela enkambisweni yesofthiwe yomuntu noma ezenzakalelayo.
Ukwakheka kokuphepha okuqine kakhulu yileyo ehlanganisa ngempumelelo amakhono okusebenza e-IAM, ukuvikelwa okubalulekile kwe-PAM, umbono wamasu we-IGA, kanye nokuhlaziywa kokuvimbela kwe-ISPM, konke kusekelwa ukuguquguquka kwe-IDaaS ukudala uhlelo lwemvelo lapho ubunikazi buyimphetho yangempela yokuzivikela.
