- I-Freeware inikezwa mahhala futhi unomphela, kuyilapho i-shareware iyisilingo sesikhashana noma esilinganiselwe ngaphambi kokudinga inkokhelo.
- Ngokungafani nesofthiwe yamahhala, kokubili i-freeware ne-shareware kuvame ukugcina ikhodi yomthombo ivaliwe futhi ivikelwe ngumlobi.
- Kunezinhlobo ezithile ezifana ne-adware, i-trialware kanye ne-freemium ezivumelanisa imodeli yebhizinisi ngokuya ngezici zokukhangisa noma ezivuliwe.
Uma sifuna ithuluzi le-PC noma idivayisi yethu yeselula, kuvamile ukuthola ukuthi uhlelo "lumahhala." Kodwa-ke, uma sibheka umbhalo omncane, siyaqaphela ukuthi akuyona yonke into yamahhala esebenza ngendlela efanayo . Kuye ngelayisensi yesofthiwe , singaba nokufinyelela okugcwele kuzici noma sibhekane nesimanga esingathandeki ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokusebenzisa.
Ukuze ugweme amaphutha lapho ufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokusabalalisa. Imibono efana ne-freeware, i-shareware, kanye nesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile ingase izwakale ifana, kodwa inezincazelo zomthetho nezobuchwepheshe ezishintsha ngokuphelele ulwazi lomsebenzisi kanye nobudlelwano nonjiniyela.
Iyini ngempela i-Freeware?
Sikhuluma nge-freeware lapho unjiniyela enquma ukusabalalisa indalo yakhe ngaphandle kokushaja umsebenzisi ngisho nesenti elilodwa . Into enhle ngale modeli ukuthi ungalanda, ufake, futhi usebenzise uhlelo ngaphandle kokuhlangana nesibali sikhathi noma amafasitela e-pop-up avimba ukufinyelela kwakho. Kodwa-ke, qaphela: ukuba mahhala akusho ukuthi "kungumthombo ovulekile." Ku-freeware, umbhali ugcina amalungelo obunikazi bokusungula , futhi ikhodi yomthombo ivame ukukhiywa, ngakho awukwazi ukuyishintsha noma ukuyisabalalisa kabusha ngendlela othanda ngayo.
Abathuthukisi abaningi basebenzisa i-freeware njengesu lokumaketha ukuze bathole ukubonakala noma ukusiza umphakathi. Ukuze bazinakekele ngokwezimali, abanye banikeza izinguqulo "ezilula" njengesicupho sokukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuthi bathenge inguqulo ye-premium kamuva, noma bafaka ukukhangisa ngaphakathi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo. Izibonelo zakudala zifaka iziphequluli ezifana neMozilla Firefox noma i-VLC media player, ezisivumela ukuthi sijabulele zonke izici zazo mahhala.
I-Shareware empeleni iyimodeli "yokuhlola". Umgomo uwukuba umsebenzisi azame umkhiqizo abone ukuthi uyamfanela yini ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imali. Yilapho imikhawulo yesikhathi noma yokusebenza ingena khona . Uhlelo lungase lusebenze ngokugcwele izinsuku ezingu-30, noma lungakuvumela ukuthi ulusebenzise unomphela kodwa lukhubaze izinketho ezibalulekile , njengokugcina ifayela lokugcina noma ukuthumela idatha, uze uthenge ilayisensi.
Lolu hlelo luvame kakhulu emhlabeni wemidlalo yevidiyo kanye nesofthiwe ye-antivirus. UBob Wallace waqala lo mqondo nge-PC-Write, edala i-dynamic lapho umsebenzisi ehlola khona ukusebenza kwangempela kwethuluzi. Izinhlelo ezifana ne -WinRAR kanye namanye amathuluzi okucindezela ziyisibonelo esiphelele, ngoba, yize zihlala zikunxusa ukuthi uthenge ilayisense, zikuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke nokuzisebenzisa , noma ngabe ngokomthetho kufanele ukhokhele ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo.
Ama-nuances kanye nokuhlukahluka: i-Adware, i-Trialware nokuningi
- I-Adware: Isofthiwe yamahhala exhaswa ngamabhanela noma ama-pop-up. Ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yinto ecasulayo noma eyingozi uma ifika ihlanganiswe ne-spyware. landelela ukuphequlula kwethu.
- I-Trialware: Kuyinguqulo yokulinga emsulwa nelula. Uma isikhathi sokulinga sesiphelile, uhlelo luvalwa ngokuphelele futhi awukwazi ngisho nokufinyelela kulo.
- I-Crippleware: Isofthiwe engenamkhawulo wesikhathi, kodwa "ivele yalimala", okungukuthi, imisebenzi yokhiye ikhutshaziwe.
- I-Nagware: Izinhlelo ezisebenza kahle, kodwa eziphazamisa ulwazi lwakho ngezicelo eziqhubekayo zokuthenga inguqulo ephelele.
- I-Freemium: Imodeli yesimanje kakhulu lapho unesisekelo samahhala esinamandla kakhulu, kodwa ukhokhela izici ezithuthukile noma isitoreji samafu esengeziwe.
- I-Donationware: Izinhlelo ezisebenza ngokugcwele ezicela kuphela umnikelo wokuzithandela ukuze kuqhubeke nokugcinwa kwephrojekthi.
Umehluko omkhulu nge-Free Software kanye ne-Open Source
Kuvamile kakhulu ukudida i-freeware nesofthiwe yamahhala, kodwa zizinto ezihluke ngokuphelele. Inkululeko kwisofthiwe yamahhala ayibhekiseli entengo, kodwa kunalokho ibhekisele ekhonweni lokufinyelela ikhodi yomthombo . Uhlelo olunelayisensi ngaphansi kwe-GPL (njenge-GNU/Linux) luvumela noma ubani ukuthi atadishe ukuthi lusebenza kanjani, alushintshe, futhi abelane ngezithuthukisi zakhe nabanye.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-freeware kanye ne-shareware kuyisofthiwe eyimfihlo . Ngisho noma ungazikhokheli, awunayo imvume yokubona ukusebenza kwangaphakathi kohlelo noma ukushintsha indlela olusebenza ngayo. Isofthiwe yamahhala ifuna ukuzimela kwezobuchwepheshe , kuyilapho i-freeware kanye ne-shareware kuqhutshwa amamodeli ebhizinisi lezentengiselwano noma ukukhushulwa komuntu siqu.
Amathiphu okuphepha lapho ufaka le software
Uma into imahhala, ngezinye izikhathi intengo iwubumfihlo bethu. Abafaki abaningi be-freeware noma be-shareware bafaka "okungeziwe" okungafuneki, njenge-toolbar noma isofthiwe eyengeziwe. Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele uhlale ukhetha inketho yokufaka ngokwezifiso bese ususa ukumaka noma yimaphi amabhokisi asolisayo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi silanda amafayela kuphi. Ukulanda uhlelo kusuka kuma-portal ezinkampani zangaphandle esikhundleni sewebhusayithi esemthethweni yonjiniyela kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokufaka i-malware noma izinguqulo eziguqulwe ngendlela enonya. Kuhlale kunconywa ukusebenzisa uhlelo oluhle lokulwa ne-malware oluskena amafayela asebenzisekayo ngaphambi kokuba luwavumele angene ohlelweni.
Eminye imiqondo efanele: Abandonware kanye ne-Copyleft
Kukhona futhi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-abandonware, equkethe izinhlelo abadali bazo abangasanikezi ukwesekwa futhi eziye zavalwa. Nakuba ngokomthetho zisengaphansi kwe-copyright, zikhona endaweni engavumelekile ngokomthetho futhi zivame ukusatshalaliswa kumawebhusayithi okukhumbula isikhathi esidlule. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-copyleft iyifilosofi edinga izinguqulo eziguquliwe zesofthiwe yamahhala ukuze zihlale zikhululekile, okuvimbela inkampani yangasese ukuthi isebenzise ikhodi futhi iyiguqule ibe isofthiwe yomthombo ovaliwe.
Ukuze uzulazule ngokuphephile kuleli zwe ledijithali, khumbula nje ukuthi i-freeware imahhala futhi ayinamkhawulo kodwa ivaliwe; i-shareware iyisilingo sesikhashana noma esilinganiselwe esenzelwe ukuthengwa kamuva; futhi isofthiwe yamahhala yileyo esinika izihluthulelo zekhodi yokuthuthukisa ulwazi oluhlangene. Isihluthulelo ukufunda imigomo yelayisensi bese ulanda njalo emithonjeni ethembekile ukuze ugweme ingozi yokulahlekelwa yimali yakho maqondana nokuphepha.
