- Ukubhalisela kwe-Visual Studio kuhlanganisa i-IDE, izinsizakalo zamafu, isofthiwe, kanye nokusekelwa ukuze kusheshiswe intuthuko futhi kuthuthukiswe ukubambisana.
- I-Visual Studio Community imahhala kodwa inemingcele ecacile kuye ngohlobo lwenhlangano kanye nokusetshenziswa okuvunyelwe (imfundo, ucwaningo kanye nomthombo ovulekile).
- Ukubhalisela kwe-Visual Studio Professional kunezela amakhredithi e-Azure, i-Azure DevOps, umtapo wolwazi wesofthiwe, kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe kwamaqembu ochwepheshe.
- Ukukhanselwa kokubhalisela kwefu kuthinta kuphela ukuvuselelwa kwesikhathi esizayo futhi kulandela imithetho ehlukene yezinhlelo zanyanga zonke nezonyaka, ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa kwemali kokugcina.
Ukubhalisela i-Visual Studio sekuyindlela ejwayelekile yokufinyelela amathuluzi okuthuthukisa aphelele e-Microsoft. Akubandakanyi nje kuphela indawo yokuthuthukisa ehlanganisiwe (i-IDE) ngokwayo, kodwa futhi neqoqo lezinsizakalo zamafu, isofthiwe yokuhlola i-Microsoft, kanye nezinsiza zokuqeqesha, lapho zisetshenziswa ngempumelelo, ezingenza umehluko omkhulu ekukhiqizeni kweqembu.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi yikuphi ukubhalisa okufanele, noma uma i-Visual Studio Community yanele, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lokubhalisa luhlanganisani, ukuthi lunikezwa kanjani ilayisense , ukuthi yimiphi imikhawulo esebenzayo kuye ngenhlangano yakho, nokuthi kwenzekani uma ukhansela. Sizohlukanisa wonke la maphuzu ngokuningiliziwe nangolimi olucacile, ukuze ube nombono ophelele ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sakho.
Kuyini okubhaliselwe kwe-Visual Studio futhi kunikezani?
Ukubhalisa kwe-Visual Studio kuklanyelwe ukunikeza onjiniyela konke abakudingayo ukudala, ukuhlola, nokusabalalisa isofthiwe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamapulatifomu. I-Microsoft ihlanganisa amathuluzi, izinsizakalo zamafu, amalayisense esofthiwe, kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe ekubhaliseni okukodwa kwanyanga zonke noma kwaminyaka yonke.
Umgomo ukuvumela amaqembu okuthuthukisa ukuthi asheshise umjikelezo wokuthuthukisa , abambisane noma kuphi emhlabeni, futhi azame ubuchwepheshe obusha ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kakhulu ngokuphathwa kwelayisense. Lokhu kusebenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenza ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem ye-Microsoft (i-Windows, i-Azure, i-Office, amaseva e-Microsoft) noma uthuthukisa amanye amapulatifomu.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zalokhu okubhaliselwe ukuthi kuvumela ukusungula izinto ezintsha kunoma iyiphi ipulatifomu, kufaka phakathi i-Microsoft stack , ngokuhlanganisa i-Visual Studio IDE namathuluzi afana ne -Visual Studio Code kanye nezinsiza ze-Azure, izinsizakalo ze-DevOps, kanye nekhathalogi enkulu yesofthiwe yokuthuthukisa nokuhlola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, konke lokhu kuklanyelwe ukusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi agcine izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha kanye nokuthobela imithetho , okubalulekile ezindaweni zebhizinisi.
Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokubhalisa okukodwa ungaba nenguqulo yakamuva ye-Visual Studio, ukufinyelela kumasevisi okuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kanye nokulethwa, amakhredithi e-Azure okusetha izindawo zokuhlola, kanye nengobo yomlando yezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nemikhiqizo yeseva ewusizo kakhulu uma kufanele ulondoloze izinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala noma ukhiqize kabusha izindawo ezindala.
Umphakathi we-Visual Studio: Ukusetshenziswa Okuvunyelwe kanye Nemikhawulo
I-Visual Studio Community uhlelo lwamahhala lwe-IDE, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo akukhawulelwe ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izimo . I-Microsoft ibeka imibandela ethile okufanele uyiqaphele ukuze ugweme ukwephula ilayisensi, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzela inkampani noma unomsebenzi wezohwebo.
Okokuqala, i-Visual Studio Community ingasetshenziswa yinhlangano engenawo umkhawulo womsebenzisi ezimweni ezahlukene ezithile: izindawo zokufunda zasekilasini, ucwaningo lwezemfundo , kanye neminikelo kumaphrojekthi omthombo ovulekile. Kulezi zimo, ubukhulu benhlangano, imali engenayo, noma inani lamaqembu abubalulekile. Izikhungo zemfundo, amanyuvesi, amaqembu ocwaningo, kanye nemiphakathi yomthombo ovulekile ingayisebenzisa kakhulu.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi umnyango weyunivesithi onamakhulu abafundi ungafaka i-Visual Studio Community kuwo wonke amakhompyutha aselebhu, noma ukuthi iqembu lokuthuthukisa isofthiwe yamahhala lingasebenza mahhala nalolu hlobo ukuze lilondoloze futhi lithuthukise amaphrojekthi omthombo ovulekile , inqobo nje uma lihambisana nemigomo yelayisensi.
Ngaphandle kwalezo zimo (amakilasi, ucwaningo, kanye nomthombo ovulekile), imithetho iyashintsha. Ezinhlanganweni ezingezona ezamabhizinisi—okungukuthi, izinkampani ezincane ezingafinyeleli emikhawulweni ethile— abasebenzisi abangafika kwabahlanu bangasebenzisa i-Visual Studio Community kumaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa ezentengiselwano noma ezinye izinjongo. Lokhu kuvumela amaqembu amancane kanye nabasebenzi abazimele ukuthi baqale ngaphandle kokudinga ukubhalisa okukhokhelwayo ngokushesha.
Izinto ziba nzima kakhulu uma sikhuluma ngezinhlangano zamabhizinisi. I-Microsoft ibheka noma iyiphi inhlangano enamaqembu angaphezu kuka- 250 noma imali engenayo yonyaka engaphezu kwesigidi samaRandi aseMelika njengebhizinisi . Kulezi zimo, i-Visual Studio Community ingasetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni esezishiwo kakade: umthombo ovulekile, ucwaningo lwezemfundo, kanye nokufunda ekilasini. Kunoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lokusetshenziswa (intuthuko yangaphakathi, amaphrojekthi ezentengiselwano, ukubonisana, njll.), i-Community ayivunyelwe, futhi izinhlelo zokubhalisela okukhokhelwayo kumele zisetshenziswe.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi azikho izaphulelo ezithile zezinkampani eziqalayo ngaphakathi kwemodeli ejwayelekile yokubhalisa ye-Visual Studio. Uma uyingxenye yenkampani entsha futhi ufuna imigomo ekhethekile, i-Microsoft ikuqondisa ezinhlelweni ezithile ezifana ne-Startup Portal, etholakala ngewebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Microsoft yalezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo. Lapho ungathola ezinye izinzuzo namathuluzi e-Azure, kodwa azikho izaphulelo eziqondile ekubhaliseni okujwayelekile kwe-Visual Studio.
Ukubhalisela kwe-Visual Studio Professional: okuhlanganisayo nokuthi kungokwabani
Ukubhalisela kwe-Visual Studio Professional kwenzelwe amaqembu okuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe adinga okungaphezu kwe-IDE yamahhala. Kunikeza isethi ephelele yezinsiza ezibavumela ukuthi bahlanganise umjikelezo wokuphila wentuthuko yesimanje ngendlela eqinile nengakhula.
Isisekelo sokubhalisa kukhona ilayisensi yenguqulo yakamuva ye-Visual Studio Professional , indawo ephelele yokuthuthukiswa enokusekelwa kwezilimi eziningi, amathuluzi okulungisa amaphutha athuthukile, ukuhlanganiswa kokulawula inguqulo, kanye namakhono okubambisana. Le layisensi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-IDE ngokwemigomo yokubhalisa inqobo nje uma ukubhalisa kusasebenza; isekela izilimi ezifana ne -Visual Basic, phakathi kwezinye eziningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababhalisile bathola ikhredithi ye-Azure yanyanga zonke yokuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa. Kokubhaliselwe kobungcweti, inani elijwayelekile lingu-$50 USD ngenyanga. Le khredithi ingasetshenziswa ukudala imishini ebonakalayo, izizindalwazi, izinsizakalo zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nezinye izinsiza ku-Azure, kugxilwe njalo ezimweni zokuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa, hhayi ekukhiqizweni okukhulu kwezentengiselwano.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokubhalisela ukufinyelela ku- Azure DevOps Services , ipulatifomu ye-Microsoft ehlanganisa ukulawulwa kwenguqulo, ukuphathwa komsebenzi (ukugcinwa kwemisebenzi, amabhodi, imisebenzi), ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kanye namapayipi okulethwa okuqhubekayo (i-CI/CD), izindawo zokugcina izinto, kanye nezinto zobuciko. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ngamaqembu ukusetha imisebenzi ezenzakalelayo yokwakha, ukuhlola, nokuthumela izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza ngokuphazamiseka okuncane.
Kanye nakho konke lokhu, ababhalisile bathola ukufinyelela kulabhulali yesofthiwe ye-Microsoft ukuze bathuthukiswe futhi bahlolwe. Le khathalogi ifaka izinhlobo zamanje nezomlando zemikhiqizo efana ne-Windows, i-Office, kanye nohlu olubanzi lwemikhiqizo yeseva (isb., izinhlobo ezindala ze-Windows Server, i-SQL Server, njll.). Le nzuzo iwusizo ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukuphinda izindawo ezithile zamakhasimende noma ukugcina izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithembele kumapulatifomu amadala.
Ukubhalisela i-Visual Studio Professional kugxile nasekukhuleni konjiniyela. Yingakho kufaka phakathi izinsiza zokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe ezenzelwe ukukusiza wandise amakhono akho obuchwepheshe futhi uhlale usesikhathini ngobuchwepheshe obusha. Lezi zinsiza zingafaka izifundo, amadokhumenti anwetshiwe, okuqukethwe kokuqeqeshwa, nezinye izinto ezisekela ukufunda okuqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem ye-Microsoft nangale kwalokho.
Esinye isici esibalulekile yizigameko zokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe ezifakiwe . Ukubhalisela kobungcweti kufaka phakathi izigameko ezimbili zokusekelwa, okukuvumela ukuthi uxhumane nosekelo lwe-Microsoft ngqo ukuze uxazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlobene nemikhiqizo embozwe ukubhalisa. Lokhu kungakongela isikhathi lapho uhlangabezana nezinkinga ezibalulekile endaweni yakho yokuthuthukisa noma yokuhlola.
Okokugcina, okubhaliselwe kunezela uhlu lwamathuluzi nezinsizakalo ezengeziwe ezivumelana nezidingo ezishintshayo zamaqembu ochwepheshe, njenge- XAML Studio . Nakuba imininingwane ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umqondo jikelele ukunikeza iphakheji ephelele engahlanganisi nje kuphela i-IDE kodwa nayo yonke into ezungeze intuthuko yesimanje: ukuzenzekela, ukubambisana, ingqalasizinda yamafu, kanye nokuqeqeshwa.
Izinzuzo ezijwayelekile zokubhalisela ukuthuthukiswa nokubambisana
Ngaphandle kwemininingwane ethile yohlelo ngalunye, okubhaliselwe kwe-Visual Studio kuklanywe ngefilosofi ecacile: ukunikeza abathuthukisi indawo yokusebenza ephelele ekhuthaza isivinini, ikhwalithi, kanye nokubambisana. Lokhu kuhunyushwa kube izinzuzo eziningi eziyisisekelo okufanele zicatshangelwe.
Okokuqala, okubhaliselwe kukhuthaza ukubambisana kusuka noma yikuphi . Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Visual Studio, i-Azure DevOps, kanye nezinsizakalo zamafu kuvumela amaqembu asatshalaliswe ngokwendawo ukuthi asebenze kukhodi efanayo, abelane ngamapayipi e-CI/CD, aphathe imisebenzi, futhi enze ukubuyekezwa kwekhodi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuba sehhovisi elifanayo. Lokhu kuhambisana kahle namamodeli omsebenzi akude kanye nahlanganisiwe.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ukuthi iphakheji iklanyelwe ukukhuthaza ukuqamba okusha kunoma iyiphi ipulatifomu . Ngenkathi i-Microsoft stack iyinhloko, ukuguquguquka kwe-IDE kanye namandla e-Azure kuvula umnyango wamaphrojekthi ngezilimi eziningi, izinhlaka, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ungathuthukisa konke kusukela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zedeskithophu zendabuko kuya kuzixazululo zamafu zomdabu, izinsizakalo zewebhu, izinsizakalo ezincane, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula, futhi uhlole ngisho nohlelo olubonakalayo.
Ukubhalisa kuhlose futhi ukukhulisa ukuphepha nokuthobela imithetho . Ngokunikeza ukufinyelela okulawulwayo nokunelayisensi kusofthiwe ye-Microsoft ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi kuhlolwe, kunciphisa ingozi yokusebenzisa izinguqulo eziphangiwe noma ukucushwa okungasekelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsiza ze-Azure namathuluzi e-DevOps afaka izinketho zokuphepha, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokulawula ukufinyelela okuhambisana nezidingo zokuthobela imithetho zezinhlangano eziningi.
Esinye isici esiwusizo esivame ukunganakwa lula kokuba nemodeli yokubhalisela ephakathi . Esikhundleni sokuthenga amalayisense ngamanye emikhiqizweni ehlukene, inhlangano iphatha ukuvuselelwa kanye nokwabiwa kwabasebenzisi kusukela endaweni eyodwa, okwenza kube lula ukuphatha futhi kube lula ukulawula izindleko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Okokugcina, imodeli yokubhalisela ikhuthaza onjiniyela ukuthi bahlale benolwazi lwakamuva. Ukuba nenguqulo yakamuva ye-Visual Studio njalo , kuhlanganiswe nomtapo wezincwadi wesofthiwe kanye namakhredithi e-Azure, kusiza onjiniyela ukuthi bahlole izici ezintsha, babuyekeze amaphrojekthi, futhi bamukele imikhuba emihle yesimanje ngaphandle kokuboshwa ezinguqulweni eziphelelwe yisikhathi.
Ukukhansela okubhaliselwe kwefu le-Visual Studio
Omunye wemibuzo evame ukubuzwa kakhulu ukuthi kwenzekani uma unquma ukukhansela ukubhalisa kwefu le-Visual Studio . I-Microsoft isingatha le nqubo ngendlela ecacile, okufanele iqondwe ukuze kugwenywe izimanga, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinsuku kanye nokusetshenziswa okulandelayo kwesofthiwe.
Uma ukhansela ukubhalisa kwefu, empeleni umisa ukuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo . Ukufinyelela akunqanyulwa ngokushesha; ukubhalisa kuhlala kusebenza kuze kube usuku lwakho olujwayelekile lokuvuselelwa. Ngalolo suku, uma ukubhalisa kumakwe njengokukhanseliwe, kumane kuphelelwe yisikhathi.
Uma ukubhalisa sekuphelelwe yisikhathi, obhalisile ngeke esakwazi ukusebenzisa i-Visual Studio noma ukujabulela izinzuzo zayo ezihambisanayo . Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-IDE enelayisensi yokubhalisa uqobo, amakhredithi e-Azure axhunywe kulokho kubhalisa, kanye nokufinyelela kulabhulali yesofthiwe yezindawo ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa nokuhlola. Kubalulekile ukuhlela ushintsho ukuze ugweme ukushiya ithimba lakho lingenamathuluzi ubusuku bonke.
Kokubhaliselwe kwamafu kwanyanga zonke, ukukhansela kuqala ukusebenza ngosuku lokuqala lwenyanga elandelayo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ukhansela phakathi nenyanga, okubhalisele kwakho kuzohlala kusebenza kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi samanje sokukhokha, kodwa ngeke kusavuselelwa noma kusebenze kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lwenyanga elandelayo.
Nasi iphuzu elibalulekile: uma unezikhokhelo eziningi zanyanga zonke futhi ukhansela ezinye zazo kuphela, kubalulekile ukususa noma ukwabela kabusha abasebenzisi abafanele ekuqaleni kwenyanga elandelayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abafanele basenazo izikhokhelo ezisebenzayo futhi abalahlekelwa ukufinyelela ngenxa yephutha lokuphatha.
Ngokubhalisela kwamafu kwaminyaka yonke, inqubo ihlukile kancane. Ukukhansela kuqala ukusebenza ngosuku lokuqala lwenyanga elandela isikhathi sezinyanga ezingu-12 ngemuva kokuthenga kokuqala noma inkokhelo yokugcina yokuvuselela yonyaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ukhansela kusenesikhathi, okubhaliselwe kuhlala kusebenza kuze kube sekupheleni komjikelezo wonyaka ogcwele.
Ake sicabangele isibonelo esiqondile: uthenga ukubhaliswa kwefu kwaminyaka yonke kwe-Visual Studio Professional ngoJanuwari 3, 2018. Lokhu kubhalisa kuzohlala kusebenza kuze kube uFebhuwari 1, 2019, lapho kuzovuselelwa khona ngokuzenzakalelayo unyaka owodwa ngaphandle kokuthi kukhanselwe. Uma unquma ukukukhansela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi phakathi kwalokho kuvuselelwa noFebhuwari 1, 2020, ukubhalisa kuzohlala kusebenza kuze kube uFebhuwari 1, 2020 , lapho kuzophelelwa khona unomphela.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukubhalisa kwamafu kwaminyaka yonke akubuyiswa uma ukhansela ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka. Ngamanye amazwi, ukukhansela kuvimbela ukuvuselelwa kwesikhathi esizayo, kodwa akubandakanyi ukubuyiselwa kwemali okulinganayo kwenani elikhokhiwe kakade. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokubhalisela uhlelo lonyaka, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uchaze ngokucacile isikhathi ozodinga ngaso la mathuluzi.
I-Microsoft inikeza amadokhumenti athile mayelana nendlela izindleko zokubhalisa zamafu kanye nokukhokhisa okuphathwa ngayo, kanye nemininingwane eyengeziwe ngezintela, izimali, kanye nezinguquko zohlelo. Kunconywa ukuthi ubuyekeze lolu lwazi uma uzophatha ukubhalisa okuningi kwenhlangano yakho noma uma ulindele izinguquko ezivame kakhulu ekucushweni komsebenzisi kanye nezinhlobo zokubhalisa.
Ekugcineni, ukuqonda okuphelele inqubo yokukhansela kukuvumela ukuthi uhlele kangcono amandla nesabelomali sethimba lakho lokuthuthukisa , ugweme kokubili izindleko ezingadingekile kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenkonzo okungalindelekile okungathinta amaphrojekthi aqhubekayo.
Sekukonke, okubhaliselwe kwe-Visual Studio kunikeza uhlelo oluphelele, oluhlanganisa konke kusukela ezimweni zemfundo nezivulekile nge-Visual Studio Community kuya ezidingweni zobungcweti ezithuthukisiwe nge-Visual Studio Professional kanye nezigaba eziphakeme. Ukuqonda imigomo yesevisi, izinzuzo ezifakiwe, kanye nenqubo yokukhansela kukusiza ukuthi ukhethe inketho efanele futhi uthole okuningi kuyo ngaphandle kwezinkinga zelayisense noma izimanga zokukhokha.
