- I-Pi-hole isebenza njengeseva ye-DNS evimba futhi ivimbele izizinda zokukhangisa ezingeni lenethiwekhi yendawo.
- Ihambisana namapulatifomu ahlukahlukene ehadiwe, kusukela ku-Raspberry Pi kuya kuziqukathi ze-Docker ku-QNAP NAS.
- Ivumela ukuvikelwa okuphakathi kwawo wonke amadivayisi asekhaya, kufaka phakathi ama-Smart TV namadivayisi e-IoT.
- Isekela ukusetshenziswa kokungasebenzi kahle kanye ne-DNS yesibili ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa ukuxhumana.
Ukuphequlula iwebhu kulezi zinsuku sekuyinkinga enkulu ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezikhangiso ezihlasela amehlo ethu. Kusukela kumabhena aphazamisayo kuya kumavidiyo adlala ngokuzenzakalela ngaphambi kokuqukethwe, ulwazi lomsebenzisi luvame ukuncipha. Nakuba kunezandiso zesiphequluli, njengalezo ze- Susa ama-pop-up nama-pop-up windowsIsixazululo sezinga lenethiwekhi sivumela ngisho namalungu omndeni angenalo ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe ukuthi ajabulele ulwazi lwewebhu oluhlanzekile ngaphandle kokudinga ukumisa idivayisi ngayinye ngayinye.
I-Pi-hole ivela njengendlela ehlukile ehlakaniphile esebenza njengomlindi wesango ohlakaniphile emnyango wokuxhumana kwethu. Ngokungafani nama-blocker endabuko asebenza kungqimba yesicelo (Ingqimba 7), lolu hlelo lusebenza ku isistimu yegama lesizinda (DNS)Ihlunga izicelo ngaphambi kokuba idivayisi izame ukulanda isikhangiso. Empeleni, iyisithiyo sokuphepha esivikela ubumfihlo futhi sithuthukise isivinini sokulayisha kulo lonke ikhaya.
Isebenza kanjani ngempela i-Pi-hole?
Ukuze siqonde lolu hlelo, kumele siqale siqonde ukuthi i-DNS ifana nencwadi yocingo ye-inthanethi. Uma sithayipha ikheli lewebhu, ikhompyutha idinga ukuhumusha lelo gama libe yi- Ikheli le-IP lezinomboloUma i-DNS inonya, ingasithumela kuwebhusayithi ye-phishing; uma ilungile, isiyisa kuseva yangempela.
I-Pi-hole iphakathi nendawo yale nqubo. Uma idivayisi icela ikheli le-IP leseva yesikhangiso (njenge-ads.tracker.com), i-Pi-hole ihlola uhlu lwayo olumnyama futhi, uma ithola okufanayo, iphendula ngokuthi "umgodi omnyama" noma ikheli 0.0.0.0Ngale ndlela, isiphequluli asitholi noma yiluphi ulwazi oluvela kumkhangisi futhi isikhala sokukhangisa asilayishi, okuvimbela ukulandelela idatha ukuthi ingaphumi kunethiwekhi yethu.
Izinketho zokufaka kanye nehadiwe
Kunezindlela eziningana zokusebenzisa le nsizakalo kuye ngokuthi ihadiwe iyatholakala. Inketho edumile kakhulu ukusebenzisa Ukusajingijolo PiKungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyimodeli endala njenge-1 Model B+ noma izinguqulo zesimanje nezisebenza kahle njenge-Zero 2 W. Kulesi simo, i-Raspberry Pi OS Lite ivame ukufakwa futhi uhlelo lufinyelelwa nge-SSH ukuze kugwenywe ukusebenzisa i-monitor nekhibhodi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma une-QNAP brand NAS, ungasebenzisa leli thuluzi Isiteshi Sezitsha kanye Ne-DockerLe ndlela ilula kakhulu njengoba iseva ye-NAS ivame ukusebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto, iqinisekisa ukuhlunga njalo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuthenga ihadiwe eyengeziwe. Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukulanda isithombe esisemthethweni se-Pi-hole, unikeze ikheli le-IP elingaguquki, kanye nama-port avulekile angu-53 (UDP) kanye no-80 (TCP).
Izinyathelo zokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe
Uma ukhetha i-Raspberry Pi, inqubo iqala ngokubuyekeza uhlelo ngemiyalo eyisisekelo ye-apt bese usebenzisa i- iskripthi sokufaka okuzenzakalelayo usebenzisa i-curl noma i-wget. Ngesikhathi se-wizard, kubalulekile ukukhetha iseva ye-DNS ethembekile, njenge- I-Google DNS noma ezinye izindlelabese ulungiselela ikheli le-IP elingaguquki ukuze iseva "ingahambi" ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo.
Uma usufakiwe, ungafinyelela iphaneli yokulawula yewebhu ngokufaka ikheli le-IP lomshini kusiphequluli sakho. Kusukela lapha, ungaphatha uhlu lwezikhangiso noma uhlu lokuvimbaAkukhuthazwa ukufaka uhlu oluningi ngokungakhethi, njengoba abanye bangase babe nolaka kakhulu futhi babangele amawebhusayithi asemthethweni ukuthi ayeke ukusebenza kahle.
Ukuhlanganiswa kunethiwekhi yasekhaya
Ukuze ukuvimba kusebenze, amadivayisi kumele azi ukuthi i-Pi-hole inesibopho sokuxazulula amagama esizinda. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezingaba khona: ukucushwa ngakunye noma... ukucushwa kwezinga leruthaOkokuqala kuhilela ukushintsha i-DNS kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi zedivayisi ngayinye yeselula noma i-PC, okuyinto eyisicefe kodwa ewusizo ekuhlolweni okusheshayo uma uzibuza. iyiphi i-DNS okufanele uyisebenzise.
Inketho yesibili iyona esebenza kahle kakhulu: finyelela izilungiselelo ze-router bese ushintsha i-DNS eyinhloko ibe ikheli le-IP le-Pi-hole. Ngale ndlela, wonke amadivayisi axhunyiweLokhu kufaka phakathi ama-TV ahlakaniphile nama-bulb e-IoT angavumeli izandiso, ezivikelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma i-router ingavumeli lolu shintsho, enye indlela iwukuhlela idivayisi ngayinye ngesandla.
Ukuphathwa kwamaphutha kanye nokuphindaphindwa kwemisebenzi
Ukukhathazeka okuvamile ukuthi kwenzekani uma iseva ye-Pi-hole ivala noma yehluleka. Ukuze kuvinjelwe indlu yonke ukuthi ingalahlekelwa ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi, kungasethwa uhlelo lokusekelayo. DNS Yesibili (njenge-8.8.8.8 kaGoogle). Uma i-Raspberry Pi iyeka ukuphendula, uhlelo luzoshintshela ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-backup, okuqinisekisa ukuxhumana.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izikhangiso zizophinde zivele phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokungasebenzi, njengoba i-DNS yesibili ingahlungi ithrafikhi. Ukuze kugwenywe lokhu, abasebenzisi abathuthukile bavame ukudala i- uhlelo oluphindaphindayo ngokufaka izimo ezimbili ze-Pi-hole kumadivayisi ahlukene, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuhlala kukhona "umlindi womnyango" oqaphe umnyango.
Ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo kukuvumela ukuthi uhlanze ulwazi lokuphequlula lomndeni wonke, uthuthukise ubumfihlo kanye nesivinini sokulayisha ngokuvimbela izicelo ezingadingekile kumaseva okulandelela. Ukuhlanganisa lokhu kuhlunga inethiwekhi nezivimba zesiphequluli kudala isixazululo sokuphepha esinezingqimba kuqine kakhulu, okuguqula ulwazi lokuphequlula iwebhu lube yinto ebushelelezi kakhulu futhi ejabulisayo.
