Iyini i-Devops? Izibonelo nezici

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Iyini i-Devops? Izibonelo nezici

I-DevOps iyindlela yokwenza ngokuzenzakalela nokwenza lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa isofthiwe.

I-DevOps iyindlela yokwenza ngokuzenzakalela nokwenza lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa isofthiwe. Akuwona nje umsebenzi we-IT; Kubandakanya kokubili abathuthukisi namaqembu okusebenza asebenza ndawonye ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuxhumana, ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle.

I-DevOps isiko, hhayi nje isihloko somsebenzi. Igama elithi “DevOps” lisho ukubambisana phakathi konjiniyela (abakha izinhlelo zokusebenza) kanye nezingcweti zemisebenzi ye-IT (abazigcinayo).

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I-DevOps isiko, hhayi nje isihloko somsebenzi.

Uma abantu bengicela ukuthi ngichaze i-DevOps ngegama elilodwa, ngihlala ngithi “isiko.” Futhi kuyiqiniso: I-DevOps imayelana nokushintsha indlela esicabanga ngayo ngokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe nokulethwa ngokwamukela isethi entsha yamanani nemikhuba. Umgomo uwukudala indawo lapho abathuthukisi bengakwazi ukuhlanganyela namanye amalungu eqembu (okuhlanganisa nemisebenzi) ukuze bakhe isofthiwe engcono ngokushesha.

Akuwona nje umsebenzi we-IT.

I-DevOps akusona nje isihloko somsebenzi. Inhlangano ye-DevOps imayelana nokushintsha indlela osebenza ngayo nokucabanga kwakho njengenhlangano, ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi. Imayelana nokusebenzisana, ukuxhumana kanye nesakhiwo senhlangano.

I-DevOps inezimpande zayo ezindleleni zokuthuthukisa isofthiwe esheshayo, ezigcizelela ukukhishwa njalo kwekhodi yokusebenza kunemijikelezo emide yokuthuthuka ngaphandle komkhiqizo wokugcina obonakalayo. Kodwa kuqhubekela phambili: I-DevOps imele ukushintsha kwamasiko ezinhlanganweni ze-IT lapho wonke umuntu othintekayo ebophezelekile ekuphumeleleni kwemikhiqizo yabo, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi enze ngokufanele.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi abathuthukisi kufanele baxhumane nabasebenzi bokusebenza njalo; Izisebenzi zokusebenza zidinga ukufinyelela olwazini olwengeziwe kunangaphambili (isibonelo, iziphi izici ezizayo maduzane); Izinkampani zidinga ukufunda ukuthi izinqubo ezihamba phambili zishintshwa kanjani phakathi kweminyango eyahlukene, njll.

Kubandakanya kokubili onjiniyela namaqembu okusebenza asebenza ndawonye ukuze athuthukise ukuxhumana, ukusebenza kahle, nokusebenza kahle.

I-DevOps iyindlela yokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwabathuthukisi namaqembu okusebenza. Iphinde isize ukunciphisa isikhathi esithathayo ukuletha izici ezintsha, imikhiqizo, noma izinsizakalo ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlanganisa okuqhubekayo, ukuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokuthunyelwa.

I-DevOps isiko, hhayi nje isihloko somsebenzi. Kubandakanya kokubili onjiniyela namaqembu okusebenza asebenza ndawonye ukuze athuthukise ukuxhumana, ukusebenza kahle, nokusebenza kahle.

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I-DevOps iyindlela yokwenza ngokuzenzakalela nokwenza lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa isofthiwe. Kubandakanya kokubili onjiniyela namaqembu okusebenza asebenza ndawonye ukuze athuthukise ukuxhumana, ukusebenza kahle, nokusebenza kahle.

Akuwona nje umsebenzi we-IT; isiko elihlose ukwenza inkampani yakho iphendule kakhudlwana kumakhasimende ngokwenza lula ukuxhumana phakathi kweminyango ukuze amaqembu asebenze ndawonye ngokushesha kunalokho abengakwenza ngokuhlukana. Igcizelela kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuqapha njengokuzakha, okusho ukuthi uzodinga abantu abakwazi ukubeka iso ezintweni uma zephuka (noma lapho zisebenza kahle).

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Kunamathuluzi amaningi enza i-DevOps ibe lula ukwenza.

Kunamathuluzi amaningi enza i-DevOps ibe lula ukwenza. Lezi zihlanganisa uJenkins, Chef, Puppet, kanye no-Ansible.

Kulesi sigaba sizobheka isibonelo salolu hlobo lwethuluzi futhi sibone ukuthi bangasiza kanjani nge-DevOps.

I-Jenkins iyiseva ezenzakalelayo yomthombo ovulekile esetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kwamaphrojekthi. Isekela izikripthi zokwakha zezilimi eziningi, kufaka phakathi i-Ant, i-Maven, ne-Rakefile, futhi inama-plugins ezinye izilimi zokuhlela njenge-C# kanye ne-.NET. I-Jenkins ingasebenza ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-Windows, i-Linux, kanye ne-macOS.

Izinzuzo ze-DevOps

I-DevOps isiko lokusebenzisana phakathi konjiniyela namathimba okusebenza agxile ekuzenzeni ngokuzenzakalela kanye nokwenza lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa isoftware. I-DevOps ibandakanya kokubili onjiniyela namaqembu okusebenza asebenza ndawonye ukuze athuthukise ukuxhumana, ukusebenza kahle, nokusebenza kahle.

Akuwona nje umsebenzi we-IT: imayelana nokudiliza imigoqo phakathi kweminyango ukuze wonke umuntu akwazi ukusebenzisana ukuze akhe imikhiqizo engcono ngokushesha kunangaphambili.

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Isibonelo samathuluzi asetshenziswe ku-DevOps

Nazi ezinye izibonelo zamathuluzi avamile nezinqubo ezisetshenziswa endleleni ye-DevOps:

Ukulawulwa kwenguqulo: Git, SVN.

I-Git iyithuluzi lokulawula inguqulo elisetshenziswa kabanzi lokuphatha nokwenza izinguqulo zekhodi yomthombo yephrojekthi , okuvumela amaqembu ukuthi abambisane futhi alandelele izinguquko ngempumelelo.

Yakha Okuzenzakalelayo: Jenkins, Travis CI.

Lawa mathuluzi avumela amaqembu ukuthi enze ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuhlanganiswa nokwakhiwa kwesofthiwe yawo, ehlise amaphutha futhi aqinisekise ukuthi inqubo yokwakha iyashesha futhi isebenza kahle.

Ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo: Okufanelekile, Iphaphethi, Umpheki.

Lawa mathuluzi avumela amaqembu ukuthi enze ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthunyelwa kwesofthiwe yawo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa okungaguquki nokuphindaphindeka.

Ukuqapha nokuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo: Nagios, Prometheus.

Lawa mathuluzi anika amandla amaqembu ukuthi aqaphe ukusebenza nokutholakala kwengqalasizinda yawo kanye nezicelo ngokuqhubekayo. Basiza futhi ukukhomba izinkinga nokwenza izinguquko ngesikhathi sangempela.

Ingqalasizinda njengeKhodi (IaC): Terraform, CloudFormation.

Lawa mathuluzi avumela amaqembu ukuphatha nokuhlinzeka ngengqalasizinda edingekayo yezinhlelo zawo zokusebenza esebenzisa ikhodi, okwenza kube lula ukukhulisa nokusebenza kahle, izici eziyisisekelo enkathini yokukhulisa.

Ukusebenzisana nokuxhumana: Slack, Jira.

Lawa mathuluzi anika amandla amaqembu okuthuthukisa nokusebenza ukuthi asebenzisane futhi axhumane kahle, enze lula ukuxazululwa kwezinkinga kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle sekukonke.

Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zamathuluzi nezinqubo ezisetshenziswa ku-DevOps. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi indlela ye-DevOps iphinde isho ushintsho lwamasiko ekusebenzisaneni nokuxhumana phakathi kwamaqembu okuthuthukiswa nokusebenza.

Isiphetho

I-DevOps iyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle. Okuhle kunakho konke, ayizuzisi nje kuphela abathuthukisi kanye namaqembu okusebenza kodwa futhi nomsebenzisi wokugcina. Eqinisweni, sonke singazuza ekukhiqizeni okukhulu kanye nokusebenza kahle okulethwa yi-DevOps, njengoba amawebhusayithi ethu ezolayisha ngokushesha nangokuthembekile kunanini ngaphambili.