- I-Proxmox VE okwamanje inikeza iwizadi yokungenisa yendabuko eyenza kube lula kakhulu ukufuduka kusuka ku-ESXi.
- Ukuguqulwa kwamadiski e-VMDK ngesandla abe yifomethi ye-qcow2 kusalokhu kuyindlela enamandla kakhulu yezindawo ezingenayo ukuphathwa okuhlanganisiwe.
- Ukufaka abashayeli be-VirtIO kusengaphambili kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukwehluleka kokuqalisa, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-Windows.
Uma uthole ukuthi i-VMware ikhipha ilayisense iyinkinga noma ufuna nje enye indlela evulekile eguquguqukayo, i-Proxmox VE cishe iyindawo okufanele ube kuyo. Le nkundla ayinamandla nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ihlanganisa i-KVM yemishini ebonakalayo kanye ne-LXC yeziqukathi , okukuvumela ukuthi uphathe yonke isikhungo sakho sedatha kusuka ku-interface yewebhu enembile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuhambisa umthwalo wakho womsebenzi wamanje akuyona into elula ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi kudinga ukuzijwayeza ukuze konke kusebenze kahle kusukela ekuqaleni.
Uma sikhuluma ngokungenisa amafayela e-VMDK, empeleni sibhekisela ekuthutheni i-VMware virtual hard drive endaweni eqonda kangcono ifomethi ye-qcow2 ye-QEMU. Kuye ngokuthi unendawo yebhizinisi ene-vCenter noma uma ukhetha ukushintshashintsha ekhaya ngama-host e-ESXi azimele, kuzodingeka ukhethe phakathi komzila ozenzakalelayo usebenzisa i-wizard esemthethweni noma umzila wesandla ngomugqa womyalo. Into ebalulekile ukungagxili ngokungaboni futhi ulungiselele umshini womthombo ukuze ugweme isikrini esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sokufa esesabekayo lapho uqala endaweni entsha.
Amalungiselelo abalulekile ngaphambi kokuthatha isinyathelo
Ngaphambi kokuhambisa noma yimaphi amabhayithi, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi umshini obonakalayo womthombo uhlanzekile ngokuphelele. Iphutha elivame kakhulu ukuzama ukuhambisa i-VM ngama-snapshots asebenzayo; ngokufanelekile, kufanele uhlanganise wonke ama-snapshots ukuze uvimbele idiski engenisiwe ukuthi ingabi yi-disorder ehlukanisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi i-VM isebenzisa i-BIOS noma i-UEFI , ngoba uma ungalungiseleli i-firmware efanayo ku-Proxmox, umshini ngeke uwuthole umkhakha wokuqalisa.
Kubasebenzisi beWindows, kunesinyathelo esisodwa esicishe sibe ngcwele: ukufaka abashayeli beVirtIO ngaphambi kokuvala umshini ku-VMware. Njengoba isilawuli sediski se-VMware singekho endaweni ye-KVM, iWindows izolahleka bese iphonsa iphutha elibalulekile. Faka i-VirtIO ISO, ufake abashayeli benethiwekhi nesitoreji, bese uvala umshini kuphela. Ku-Linux, lokhu kulula kakhulu ngoba i- kernel ivame ukufaka amamojula e-VirtIO ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Ithrekhi esheshayo: I-Proxmox Import Wizard
Kusukela ngezinguqulo zakamuva, i-Proxmox yenze impilo yaba lula kuwo wonke umuntu ngephakheji ye -pve-esxi-import-tools . Leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi uxhume i-host yakho ye-ESXi ngqo kusuka ku-interface yewebhu ye-Proxmox, okwenza ukufuduka kube inqubo yokuchofoza kathathu. Okokuqala, udinga ukwengeza isitoreji ku- Datacenter > Storage > Add > ESXi , ufake iziqinisekiso zempande yeseva ye-VMware bese weqa ukuqinisekiswa kwesitifiketi uma usebenzisa isitifiketi esizisayinele sona.
Uma isitoreji sesixhunyiwe, uzobona uhlu lwama-VMware VM akho. Ukukhetha eyodwa bese uchofoza ku-Import kuzokwenza uhlelo lufunde ifayela le-VMX futhi luphinde ludale kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukucushwa kwehadiwe (i-CPU, i-RAM, inethiwekhi) ku-Proxmox. Ungakhetha phakathi kokungenisa okujwayelekile noma "Ukungenisa Okubukhoma," yize lokhu kokugcina kungeyona ukufuduka kwangempela okubukhoma; kumane kuqala i-VM uma kunedatha eyanele. I-wizard iphatha ukuguqula i-VMDK ibe yi-qcow2 ngemuva, okukongela amahora amaningi omsebenzi womugqa womyalo.
Indlela yesandla: Ukulawula okugcwele nge-CLI
Uma ungenayo i-host ye-ESXi efinyeleleka ngenethiwekhi noma ukhetha ukulawula ngokuphelele isinyathelo ngasinye, ukufuduka ngesandla kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Inqubo iqala ngokulayisha ifayela le-VMDK kuseva ye-Proxmox usebenzisa i-SCP noma i-SFTP . Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ku-VMware, idiski ingaba nefayela elichazayo (.vmdk) kanye nefayela ledatha langempela (-flat.vmdk); udinga kokubili kufolda efanayo ukuze ukuguqulwa kuphumelele.
Ukuze siguqule idiski ibe yifomethi yendabuko, sisebenzisa ithuluzi ukuguqula i-qemu-imgUmyalo ojwayelekile uzoba qemu-img convert -f vmdk original.vmdk -O qcow2 convertido.qcow2Uma usunayo ifayela le-qcow2, kufanele udale ifayela le- umshini ongabonakali ongenalutho ku-Proxmox enezici ezifanayo nezasekuqaleni kodwa ngaphandle kokunikeza noma iyiphi i-hard drive.
Ukuze uxhumanise idiski eguquliwe ne-VM, unezinketho ezimbili. Indlela yobungcweti kakhulu ukusebenzisa umyalo othi `qm importdisk` , ongagcini nje ngokungenisa ifayela kodwa futhi ulibeke ngqo kwisitoreji esikhethiwe (i-LVM, i-ZFS, i-NFS, njll.). Ngemva kwalokhu, idiski izovela "njengengasetshenziswanga" kuthebhu ye-Hardware yesibonisi sewebhu. Mane uchofoze kabili idiski engasetshenziswanga , uyinikeze ibhasi (okungcono i-VirtIO SCSI), bese ulungisa i-oda lokuqalisa kuzilungiselelo ze-VM.
Ukulungiswa kokugcina kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza
Uma umshini usuqalile, umsebenzi awukaqedi. Ukuze i-VM isebenze kahle, kubalulekile ukufaka i- QEMU Guest Agent . Lokhu kuvumela i-Proxmox ukuthi ixhumane kangcono nohlelo lwezivakashi, kusiza imisebenzi efana nokuvala okuhlanzekile nokudala izithombe ezihambisanayo. Ku-Windows, lesi futhi yisikhathi sokushintsha isilawuli sediski kusuka ku-IDE noma i-SATA siye ku- VirtIO SCSI ukuze kusebenze kahle kakhulu i-I/O.
Uma ubona ukuthi inethiwekhi ayisebenzi, hlola ukuthi imodeli ye-adaptha iyahambisana. Imodeli ye -VirtIO iyona eshesha kakhulu, kodwa uma uhlelo lungaqapheli ekuqaleni, ungasebenzisa i-adaptha elingisiwe (njenge-E1000) bese ushintshela kuyo ngemva kokufaka abashayeli. Ungakhohlwa ukususa amafayela okuqala e-VMDK kusitoreji se-Proxmox uma usuqinisekisile ukuthi konke kuyasebenza ukukhulula isikhala sediski.
Ukuvikelwa kwedatha ngesikhathi sokuguquka
Ukuhambisa imishini ebonakalayo kuwumsebenzi obucayi, futhi kuhlale kunengozi yokulahleka kwedatha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba nohlelo lokusekelayo lwangaphandle ngaphambi kokuqala. Izixazululo ezifana neVinchin, iNakivo, noma iHornetsecurity zikuvumela ukuthi udale ama-backups angaguquki, zikuvikele kuma-ransomware namaphutha abantu ngesikhathi sokufuduka. Ukusebenzisa umthetho we-3-2-1 (amakhophi amathathu, imidiya yokugcina emibili, eyodwa engaphandle kwendawo) kuyindlela kuphela yokuphumula kalula ngenkathi ushintsha ama-hypervisor.
Ukufuduka kusuka ku-VMware kuya ku-Proxmox kushintshe kusuka ezinqubweni ezikhathazayo zesandla kuya kumathuluzi azenzakalelayo asebenza kahle kakhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswa umthumeli osemthethweni wokufakwa kwe-mass noma ukuthembela ku-qemu-img kanye ne-qm importdisk ezimweni ezithile, isihluthulelo sempumelelo sisekulungiseleleni kwangaphambilini: ukuhlanganisa izithombe, ukufaka abashayeli be-VirtIO, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwe-firmware. Ngokuhlela okufanele kanye nokuphepha okuqinile, ukuthuthela engqalasizinda evulekile kuvumela ukulungiswa kwezindleko kanye nokuthola kabusha ukulawula okuphelele endaweni ye-virtualization.