- Ukugqwala kukagesi kuvela ngenxa yomswakama, ukungcola kwemvelo, kanye nokungahambisani kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwezinsimbi.
- Izindlela zokuhlanza zisukela ekusetshenzisweni kwezifutho ze-dielectric kanye nomoya ocindezelwe kuya ezixazululweni ze-ultrasonic kanye nama-paste aqeda ukungcola.
- Ukuvimbela isikhathi eside kudinga inhlanganisela yezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, izivalo ze-IP ezifanele, kanye nokugcinwa kokuqapha.
Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi sekuke kwenzeka kuwe ngaphambili: idivayisi ebisebenza kahle iqala ukungasebenzi kahle ngezikhathi ezithile noma, okubi nakakhulu, iyeke ukuvula ngokuphelele. Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela akuyona into eshile, kodwa kunalokho... ukugqwala ezixhumini Kudale isithiyo esingabonakali esivimbela ugesi ukuthi ungahambi ngendlela efanele. Lena inkinga evamile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma zezimboni, lapho insimbi igcina inqotshwe imiphumela yesikhathi.
Ukuze ulungise lokhu kungcola, akwanele nje ukugqoka indwangu enotshwala bese uthemba ukuthi kuzosebenza. Kufanele uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani ezingeni lamakhemikhali ukuze usebenzise inqubo efanele. indlela yokuhlanza efanele Ngaphandle kokulimaza ibhodi phakathi nenqubo. Kusukela ekusebenziseni imikhiqizo ethile kuya kumasu okunciphisa i-asidi, sizobona ukuthi singenza kanjani amasekethe akho abukeke amasha futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi singakuvimbela kanjani ukugqwala ukuthi kungabuyi.
Kungani izixhumi namabhodi wesekethe zigqwala?
Ukugqwala empeleni kuyindlela yokusabela kwamakhemikhali kanye ne-electrochemical eyonakalisa insimbi. Isisusa esiyinhloko ngokuvamile... ukungena komswakama noma ukujiyaokusebenza njenge-electrolyte, okwenza kube lula ukungcoliswa kwensimbi. Kodwa akuwona amanzi kuphela; usawoti wolwandle, ama-sulfide ezimboni, kanye nothuli olumunca umswakama kusheshisa inqubo kakhulu, noma ngabe i-voltage yesekethe iphansi kakhulu.
Esinye isici esibalulekile yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi uchungechunge lwe-galvanic. Uma sihlanganisa izinsimbi ezimbili ezahlukene, ezibuthakathaka (ezingehloniphekile) ziyahlatshwa futhi Iyabola ukuze ivikele enyeYingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izixhumi zibe ne-plating enhle, ngokuvamile ngegolide noma i-nickel, ukuvimbela insimbi eyisisekelo ukuthi ivezwe emoyeni.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokugqwala
- Ukushiswa okuvamile: Yileyo filimu engacacile noma ukushintsha kombala (njenge-patina eluhlaza yethusi) okwandisa ukumelana kukagesi futhi kubangele izimpawu ezingaguquki.
- Ukugqwala kwe-galvanic: Lokhu kwenzeka uma kukhona umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwezinsimbi ezimbili. Kuvamile ukubona lokho i-terminal eyodwa iyabhujiswa kuyilapho iphini lapho ingena khona ibukeka ingenaphutha.
- Ukugqwala kokungqubuzana: Kubangelwa ukudlidliza okuqhubekayo okuqeda uqweqwe oluvikelayo. Umphumela uba i-powder emnyama neyi-abrasive okudala umsindo omkhulu kagesi.
- Ukugqwala kwe-pitting: Lokhu ukuhlaselwa okusendaweni nokujulile okuvame ukucasha ngaphansi kwezivalo noma ama-gasket, okudala izikhala ensimbini ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo ezindaweni ezithile.
Izindlela ezinemininingwane zokuhlanza izinto zikagesi
Ngaphambi kokuba siqale, umthetho wegolide: nqamula wonke amandla bese ususa noma yimaphi amabhethri noma ama-chips afakwayo. Ukusebenza nge-voltage ebukhoma kudinga inkinga enkulu.
Ukuhlanza izixhumi kanye noxhumana nabo
Ezimweni ezithambile, ikhambi elifanele ukusebenzisa isihlanzi sokuxhumana sikagesi ngesimo se-aerosol. Le mikhiqizo incibilikisa amafutha, izinsalela zokushisela, kanye nomswakama ngaphandle kokuhambisa ugesi. Uma ukugqwala kuqine kakhulu, ungakuhlikihla kancane usebenzisa i- ibhulashi elincane le-nylon noma lethusiukugwema insimbi njalo ukuze ungaklwebhi izinsimbi ezithambile.
Uma izinto zimbi kakhulu, ungenza i-pasta nge isoda namanziLe ngxube ine-alkaline futhi iqeda ukugqwala kwe-asidi. Yifake nge-cotton swab, uyivumele isebenze, bese uyigeza bese uyomisa kahle. Ukuze kuqedwe ekugcineni, faka ungqimba oluncane lwe- igrisi ye-dielectric Ukuyifaka kuma-terminal kuzosiza ekuxosheni umswakama wesikhathi esizayo, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungayibeki kahle endaweni yokuxhumana ngoba ingahlukanisa isignali.
Ukuhlanza ibhodi lesifunda (i-PCB)
Amabhodi wesekethe angcola ngenxa yothuli olumuncwa amafeni noma ngenxa ye-wax encibilika ngokushisa. Kuye ngezinga lokungcola, sinezinketho eziningana:
- I-Aire comprimido: Kuhle kakhulu ekususeni uthuli olungaphezulu. Kubalulekile ukwenza lokhu ngemishini ivaliwe ukuze ugweme izifunda ezimfushane ngengozi.
- Amanzi acwecwe: Njengoba ingenawo ama-ion, kuphephile ukuyihlanza ngaphandle kokushintsha ukusebenza kwayo, uma nje ukomiswa ngokuphelele kuqinisekisiwe ngemva kwalokho.
- Ukuhlanza nge-Ultrasonic: Kuyindlela enamandla kakhulu. Ngokufaka ipuleti kumshini wokuhlanza we-ultrasonic, uketshezi lufinyelela imigodi engenakwenzeka ukuyifinyelela ngesandla, kususwa ngisho nezinsalela eziqine kakhulu.
- I-Propanol: Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza izinsalela ze-bicarbonate paste noma i-soldering fluxes.
Amasu okuvimbela ukugqwala
Ukuze ugweme ukuphinda le nqubo njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, inkinga kumele ixazululwe ngokombono wokuklama. Ukukhetha izixhumi ezine- Isitifiketi se-IP (njenge-IP67 noma i-IP69K) Kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthuli namanzi akukwazi ukungena. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqondisa izixhumi phansi kuvimbela amanzi ukuthi aqongelelane ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, kubalulekile ukungathinti othintana nabo ngeminwe engenalutho, njengoba amafutha esikhumba angabangela ukubola. izembozo ze-conformal (uhlobo lwe-lacquer evikelayo) noma ukubumba okumbozwa ngokushisa kudala isithiyo esingabonakali somswakama. Kunconywa futhi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-thermographic ukuthola izindawo ezishisayo eziveza ukumelana okuphezulu kokugqwala ngaphambi kokuba imishini ingasebenzi.
Ukugcina izinto zikagesi ziphephile kuhilela ukuzivikela okunezingqimba okuqala ngokukhetha izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, kuqhubeke nokuvalwa kwe-hermetic, futhi kuphele ngokugcinwa njalo. Ukusetshenziswa komoya ocindezelwe, izihlanzi ze-dielectric, kanye nokuvikelwa okufanele ngamafutha akhethekile kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhanjiswa kukagesi kuyagcinwa okuzinzile, okwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwanoma iyiphi idivayisi futhi kuvimbele ukulungiswa okubizayo ngenxa yenqubo elula yokushiswa kwe-oxidation.
