I-Mariadb ihlanganisa izinzuzo nezinkinga

I-Informatec Digital » Ama-Database » I-Mariadb: Izici, Izinzuzo, kanye Nokungalungile

1. U-MariaDB: Isingeniso Esifushane

1.1. Iyini i-MariaDB?

I-MariaDB iyisistimu yokuphathwa kwedatha yokuxhumana evulekile, ehlanganisa amapulatifomu amaningi . Yathuthukiswa njengefoloko ye-MySQL ngemuva kokuba i-Oracle Corporation ithole i-MySQL AB ngo-2010. Nakuba ihambisana ne-MySQL, i-MariaDB isishintshe yaba nezici ezengeziwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza.

1.2. Umsuka nomlando we-MariaDB

I-MariaDB yadalwa nguMichael "Monty" Widenius, umsunguli wokuqala we-MySQL, kanye neqembu labathuthukisi. Ngemva kokuthola kuka-Oracle i-MySQL, kuvele ukukhathazeka ngekusasa lokuthuthukiswa komthombo ovulekile we-MySQL. Ngakho-ke, u-Widenius nethimba lakhe banquma ukufokha ikhodi yomthombo we-MySQL futhi bakhe umthombo omusha ovulekile we-RDBMS obizwa ngokuthi i-MariaDB.

2. Izici Eziyinhloko ze-MariaDB

2.1. Izinjini Zokugcina Ezihlukahlukene

I-MariaDB inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinjini zokugcina, ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhethe inketho efanelekayo ngezidingo zabo ezithile. Ezinye izinjini zokugcina ezidumile zifaka i-InnoDB, i-Aria, i-MyRocks, ne-ColumnStore. Ngayinye yazo inikezela ngamakhono ahlukene nokulungiselelwa, njengokuthengiselana, ukucindezelwa kwedatha, ukugcinwa kwekholomu, nokuningi.

2.2. Ukuphindaphinda Okuthuthukisiwe

Ukuphindaphinda kuyisici esibalulekile sanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokuphathwa kwedatha , futhi iMariaDB ihamba phambili kule ndawo. Inikeza ukuphindaphinda okuqinile nokuthembekile uma kuqhathaniswa ne-MySQL, enezici ezifana nokuphindaphinda okuhambisanayo, ukuphindaphinda kwemithombo eminingi, kanye nokuphindaphinda okunemicu eminingi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwenza kube lula ukukhulisa, ukusebenza, kanye nokutholakala okuphezulu.

2.3. Amathuluzi okuphatha ahlakaniphile

I-MariaDB iza nohlu lwamathuluzi okuphatha ahlakaniphile nanamandla akwenza kube lula ukuphatha nokugcina imininingwane yakho yolwazi. Amanye alawa mathuluzi afaka iklayenti lomugqa womyalo mysql, umqaphi womcimbi mysqld_safe kanye nensizakalo yokusekelayo mariabackup. Lawa mathuluzi avumela i- abaphathi besizindalwazi yenza imisebenzi efana nemibuzo, ukuqapha, ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni nokubuyisela ngendlela efanele.

2.4. Ukusekelwa kwezingxenyekazi eziningi

Enye yamandla amakhulu ka-MariaDB ukusekelwa kwayo kwe-cross-platform. Itholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi iLinux, iWindows, iMacOS, iSolaris, neFreeBSD. Lokhu kunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kubasebenzisi, okubavumela ukuthi basebenzise i-MariaDB endaweni abayithandayo ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokuhambisana.

2.5. Ukusebenza Okulungiselelwe

I-MariaDB igxile ekuletheni ukusebenza okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-MySQL. Kuhlanganisa ukulungiselelwa kokusebenza okufana nokusetshenziswa kahle kwenkumbulo, ukuminyanisa idatha, ukucutshungulwa kwemibuzo ngokushesha, nokusebenzisa okuhle kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zamanje. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zethrafikhi ephezulu kanye nomsebenzi onzima.

2.6. Ukuhambisana Okuphelele ne-MySQL

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-MariaDB ukuhambisana kwayo okucishe kuphelele ne-MySQL. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhona kanye nemibuzo eyenzelwe i-MySQL ingasebenza ku-MariaDB ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezibalulekile zekhodi. Lokhu kuhambisana kwenza kube lula ukufuduka kusuka ku-MySQL kuya ku-MariaDB futhi kunciphisa izindleko kanye nesikhathi sokushintsha.

2.7. Ukuvikeleka Okuthuthukisiwe

Ezokuphepha zibalulekile ku-MariaDB, futhi kuye kwasetshenziswa izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokuqinisa ukuvikeleka kwedatha. Ezinye zalezi zici zokuphepha zifaka ukubethela kwedatha lapho uphumule futhi usendleleni, ukufakazela ubuqiniso okuqinile, ukulawula ukufinyelela kwe-granular, nokuhlolwa komsebenzi. Lezi zinyathelo zisiza ukuvikela idatha ebucayi futhi zihlangabezane nezimfuneko zokuthobela imithetho.

3. Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa i-MariaDB

3.1. Umthombo Ovulekile futhi Mahhala

Njengephrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile, iMariaDB imahhala ngokuphelele ukulanda, ukusebenzisa, nokuguqula. Lokhu kumelela inzuzo enkulu yezindleko uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo zedathabheyisi yezentengiselwano . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba umthombo ovulekile kuvumela abathuthukisi ukufinyelela, ukutadisha, ukuguqula, kanye nokufaka isandla kuphrojekthi njengoba kudingeka.

3.2. Umphakathi Osebenzayo Nosebenzisanayo

I-MariaDB inomphakathi osebenzayo nohlanganyelayo wabathuthukisi, abasebenzisi, nabanikelayo. Lo mphakathi udlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwe-MariaDB, ukunikela ngezici ezintsha, ukulungisa iziphazamisi, nokuhlinzeka ngosekelo. Ukuzibandakanya komphakathi kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-MariaDB iyaqhubeka nokuvela futhi ithuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

3.3. Ukuthuthukiswa kanye Nokwesekwa Okuqhubekayo

Ngokungafani ne-MySQL, ephethwe yi-Oracle, i-MariaDB iphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile ezimele esekelwa isisekelo esingenzi nzuzo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa nokusekelwa kwe-MariaDB kuzoqhubeka ngokungaguquki, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka mayelana nezithakazelo zezohwebo ezithinta isiqondiso sephrojekthi.

3.4. Ukunwebeka nokuvumelana nezimo

I-MariaDB iklanyelwe ukuba ikwazi ukukhuliswa futhi iguquguquke kakhulu , okwenza kube inketho ekhangayo kokubili amabhizinisi amancane nezinhlangano ezinkulu. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okune-modular kanye nezici ezifana nokuphindaphinda, ukwahlukanisa, kanye nokuhlanganisa, i-MariaDB ingaphatha umthwalo wemisebenzi okhulayo futhi izivumelanise nezidingo ezishintshayo kalula.

3.5. Ukwehliswa Kwezindleko

Njengohlelo lokuphathwa kwesizindalwazi samahhala nomthombo ovulekile, i-MariaDB ingasiza ukwehlisa kakhulu izindleko ezihambisana nezixazululo zesizindalwazi sezentengiselwano. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi amancane nabaqalayo abafuna ukunciphisa izindleko zangaphambili kanye nezindleko zamalayisensi eziphindaphindayo.

Ukwengeza, ngokuhambisana ne-MySQL, i-MariaDB yenza kube lula ukufuduka ku-MySQL ngaphandle kokufaka izindleko ezengeziwe zokubhalwa kabusha kwekhodi noma ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Lokhu lula koshintsho futhi kunciphisa izindleko ezingaqondile ezihlobene nokushintshwa kweplathifomu.

4. Ukungalungi kwe-MariaDB

Nalu uhlu lwezinkinga ezingaba khona zokusebenzisa i-MariaDB:

1. I-MySQL Compatibility: Nakuba i-MariaDB isebenzisana kakhulu ne-MySQL, kungase kube nokungahambelani okuncane okungadala izinkinga lapho kuthuthwa izinhlelo ezikhona zisuka ku-MySQL ziye ku-MariaDB.
2. Ukutholwa Nokusekela Komuntu Oseceleni: Amanye amathuluzi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zingase zingasebenzisani ngokugcwele ne-MariaDB njengoba yakhelwe ngokuqondile i-MySQL. Lokhu kungase kudinge umsebenzi owengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana.
3. Umjikelezo Wokuvuselela NokukhishwaUmjikelezo wokukhishwa osheshayo we-MariaDB ungase ube yinkinga kwezinye izinhlangano ezikhetha indlela elandelanayo nezinzile yokubuyekezwa kwesofthiwe.
4. Ukutholakala Kwabasebenzi Abaqeqeshiwe: Nakuba i-MariaDB ikhula ngokuduma, kungase kube nzima kakhulu ukuthola abasebenzi abanekhono abanolwazi oluthile ku-MariaDB uma kuqhathaniswa ne-MySQL.
5. Amadokhumenti Nezinsiza: Nakuba umphakathi we-MariaDB usasebenza futhi unikeza izinsiza eziningi, i-MySQL inenani elikhulu lamadokhumenti nezisetshenziswa ezitholakalayo ngenxa yesisekelo sayo esikhulu sabasebenzisi nesikhathi emakethe.
6. Ukwesekwa kwezohwebo: Nakuba kunezinketho zokusekelwa zezentengiso ezitholakalayo ze-MariaDB, ezinye izinhlangano zingase zikhethe ukusekelwa okuhlinzekwa ngokuqondile yi-Oracle ye-MySQL, engabhekwa njengeqinile futhi enokwethenjelwa kwezinye izimo.
7. Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Oracle Software:Ezinye izixazululo zesofthiwe ye-Oracle zilungiselelwe ukusebenza kangcono nge-MySQL, okungenza i-MariaDB ingabi inketho engcono kakhulu uma isetshenziswa ngokuhambisana neminye imikhiqizo ye-Oracle.
8. Umbono Wemakethe:Ezinye izinkampani zingase zibone i-MySQL njengenketho "evikeleke" noma "ezinzile" ngenxa nje yokuhlotshaniswa kwayo ne-Oracle kanye nomlando omude emakethe.
9. Ukutholwa Izinkampani Ezinkulu:Ezinye izinkampani ezinkulu zingase zibe manqikanqika ukwamukela i-MariaDB ngenxa yokuxhumana okuqinile namaphrojekthi omthombo ovulekile kanye nokuntuleka kwebhizinisi elikhulu nelidume kakhulu njenge-Oracle ngemuva kwayo.

Lezi zinkinga kufanele zicatshangelwe kumongo wephrojekthi yakho ethile kanye nezidingo zendawo, njengoba eziningi zazo zingase zingasebenzi kuzo zonke izimo.

5. Umehluko phakathi kwe-MySQL ne-MariaDB

Leli shadi liqokomisa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-MySQL ne-MariaDB , okukusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi engase ifanele izidingo zakho ezithile zephrojekthi.

Característica	MySQL	MariaDB
Origen	Ithuthukiswe yi-MySQL AB, etholwe ngabakwaSun Microsystems ngo-2008, kwase kuba yi-Oracle Corporation ngo-2010.	Imfoloko ye-MySQL, eyakhiwe ngabathuthukisi bokuqala be-MySQL ngo-2009 ukuphendula ukutholwa kwe-Oracle.
Ilayisensi	Ilayisense ekabili: GPL (Ilayisensi Yomphakathi Ejwayelekile) kanye nezohwebo.	I-GPL (Ilayisensi Yomphakathi Ejwayelekile) ngokugcwele.
Ukusebenza	Ukusebenza okuhle kukonke, okulungiselelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezahlukene.	Ngokuvamile inikeza ukusebenza okungcono emisebenzini ethile, ikakhulukazi imisebenzi yokufunda.
Ukuhambisana	Ihambisana nezinguqulo ezindala ze-MySQL.	Ihambisana kakhulu ne-MySQL, kodwa ihlanganisa izici ezengeziwe nokulungiselelwa okungenzeka kungabi khona ku-MySQL.
Injini Yesitoreji	Isekela izinjini eziningi zokugcina kuhlanganise i-InnoDB, i-MyISAM, i-NDB, phakathi kwezinye.	Ngaphezu kwezinjini ezisekelwa i-MySQL, i-MariaDB ihlanganisa izinjini ezengeziwe ezifana ne-Aria, i-ColumnStore, ne-MyRocks.
Izici ezengeziwe	Izici ezithuthukisiwe zivame ukutholakala kuqala kunguqulo yezohwebo.	Ihlanganisa izici ezimbalwa ezithuthukile nokuthuthukiswa okungatholakali ku-MySQL, njengezinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe ze-JSON, ukuxhumeka okubonakalayo, nokuningi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kanye Updates	Ithuthukiswe futhi yabuyekezwa yi-Oracle, ngokugxila enguqulweni yezohwebo.	Ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi okusebenzayo, ngomjikelezo wokukhishwa osheshayo nosobala.
Ukuphepha	Izibuyekezo zokuphepha ezinikezwe i-Oracle.	Ihlinzeka ngezibuyekezo zokuphepha ngokushesha ngomphakathi wayo nabathuthukisi abayinhloko.
Amathuluzi kanye ne-Ecosystem	Uhlu olubanzi lwamathuluzi namasevisi ahlinzekwa yi-Oracle kanye nezinkampani zangaphandle.	Iphinde ibe namathuluzi anhlobonhlobo, amaningi awo ahambisana ne-MySQL, ngaphezu kwamathuluzi nezinsizakalo zayo.
Ukwesekwa kwezohwebo	Ukwesekwa kwezohwebo kutholakala nge-Oracle.	Ukusekelwa kwezohwebo kutholakala kubathengisi abambalwa, okuhlanganisa i-MariaDB Corporation.

6. Amacala Okusebenzisa i-MariaDB Avamile

I-MariaDB iyisixazululo esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi esisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza nezindawo. Ezinye zezimo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa:

6.1. Amawebhusayithi kanye nezicelo zeWebhu

Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuthembekile nokulinganisa, i-MariaDB iyisinqumo esidumile sokusekela amawebhusayithi anethrafikhi ephezulu nezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu. Amapulatifomu adumile afana ne-WordPress, i-Joomla, ne-Drupal inikeza ukusekelwa kwendabuko kwe-MariaDB, okwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa ezindaweni zokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu.

6.2. Amasistimu Okuphatha Okuqukethwe (CMS)

Izinhlelo zokuphatha okuqukethwe (i-CMS) zivame ukuthembela kusizindalwazi esihlobene ukuze sigcine futhi silawule okuqukethwe. I-MariaDB iyisinqumo esihle sokunika amandla ama-CMS adumile njenge-WordPress, i-Joomla, ne-Drupal, ngenxa yokuhambisana kwayo ne-MySQL nokusebenza okuqinile.

6.3. Izicelo ze-E-Commerce

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-E-commerce zidinga imininingo egciniwe enokwethenjelwa nengalinganiswayo ukuze isingathe imisebenzi, i-inventory, nedatha yekhasimende. I-MariaDB iyinketho ethandwayo kulesi sikhala, enikeza izici ezifana nezinjini zokuphindaphinda, ukuhlukanisa, kanye nezinjini zokulondoloza ezenzelwe imithwalo yemisebenzi ye-e-commerce.

6.4. I-Software as a Service (SaaS) Izicelo

Kumodeli ye-Software as a Service (SaaS), izinhlelo zokusebenza zisingathwa efwini futhi zifinyelelwa nge-inthanethi. I-MariaDB iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu sokusekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-SaaS njengoba inikezela ngokuqina, ukutholakala okuphezulu, nokusekelwa kwepulatifomu.

4.5. Izicelo ze-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT).

Ngokukhula okukhulayo kwe-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), imininingwane yolwazi idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni nasekucubunguleni idatha kusuka kumadivayisi nezinzwa. I-MariaDB, enekhono layo eliphezulu lokusebenza namandla okucubungula idatha, iyisixazululo esifanelekile sokusekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IoT.

7. I-FAQ ka-MariaDB

1. Ingabe i-MariaDB iyahambisana ngempela ne-MySQL?

Yebo, i-MariaDB ihambisana kakhulu ne-MySQL, okusho ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kanye nemibuzo ebhalelwe i-MySQL ingasebenza ku-MariaDB ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezibalulekile zekhodi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-MariaDB yethule ezinye izici ezengeziwe kanye nokulungiswa okungadinga ukulungiswa okuncane kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

2. Ukusebenza kuka-MariaDB kuqhathaniswa kanjani ne-MySQL?

Sekukonke, i-MariaDB inikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu ku-MySQL ezimweni eziningi. Lokhu kungenxa yokulungiselelwa kokusebenza okufakwe ku-MariaDB, njengokusebenzisa inkumbulo okuphumelelayo, ukucindezelwa kwedatha, nokucubungula imibuzo ngokushesha.

3. Ingabe i-MariaDB imahhala ngempela ukuyisebenzisa?

Yebo, i-MariaDB imahhala ngokuphelele ukulanda, ukusebenzisa nokulungisa. Njengoba iphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile, azikho izindleko zelayisensi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Kodwa-ke, i-MariaDB Foundation inikeza izinsizakalo zezohwebo kanye nokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-premium ngemali eyengeziwe.

4. Yiziphi izinjini zokugcina ezisekelwa u-MariaDB?

I-MariaDB isekela izinjini ezimbalwa zokugcina, ezihlanganisa i-InnoDB, i-Aria, i-MyRocks, i-ColumnStore, nezinye. Injini ngayinye yokugcina inikeza izici ezihlukahlukene nokulungiselelwa, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhethe evumelana kangcono nezidingo zabo ezithile.

5. Ngingathutha kanjani ngisuka ku-MySQL ngiye ku-MariaDB?

Ukufuduka usuka ku-MySQL uye ku-MariaDB kulula ngenxa yokuhambisana okuphezulu phakathi kwawo womabili amasistimu. Ungasebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-mysqldump ne-mysqlimport ukuze uthumele futhi ungenise idatha, noma ungasebenzisa amandla okuphindaphinda ukuze wenze ukufuduka kwe-zero-downtime.

6. Yimaphi amathuluzi okuphatha akhona ku-MariaDB?

I-MariaDB iza neqoqo lamathuluzi okuphatha anembile, njengeklayenti lomugqa womyalo mysql, umqaphi womcimbi mysqld_safe kanye nensizakalo yokusekelayo mariabackup. Ukwengeza, kukhona amathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle afana ne-phpMyAdmin kanye ne-MySQL Workbench, aphinde asekele i-MariaDB.

Isiphetho se-MariaDB sibonisa izinzuzo kanye nokubi

I-MariaDB isizisungule njengenye indlela eqinile nethembekile ku-MySQL, enikeza inhlobonhlobo yezici kanye nezinzuzo. Ukuhambisana kwayo okungenazihibe ne-MySQL, ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, nokusekelwa kwenkundla ehlukahlukene kuyenza ibe ukukhetha okukhangayo kumabhizinisi, onjiniyela, kanye nabathandi besizindalwazi.

Ngaphezu kokuba umthombo wamahhala novulekile, i-MariaDB inomphakathi osebenzayo nobambisanayo oqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwawo okuqhubekayo nokusekelwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amawebhusayithi, izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu, i-e-commerce, i-SaaS noma i-IoT, i-MariaDB ifakazela ukuthi iyisixazululo esiguquguqukayo futhi esiyingozi.

Uma ufuna isizindalwazi esithembekile, esisebenza kahle kakhulu, noma uma nje ufuna ukuhlola ezinye izindlela ze-MySQL, i-MariaDB ifanele ukucatshangelwa ngokujulile. Thatha ithuba lezici nezinzuzo ze-MariaDB ukuze uqhubekisele phambili amaphrojekthi nezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza empumelelweni.