12 Izici Ezintsha Ezimangalisayo ku-PHP 8

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Isingeniso se-PHP 8

Iyini i-PHP 8?

I-PHP 8 inguqulo yesishiyagalombili enkulu yolimi oludumile lokuhlela ohlangothini lweseva. Ikhishwe ngoNovemba 2020, i-PHP 8 iza nenqwaba yezici ezintsha, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza, nokuthuthukiswa kwe-syntax ethembisa ukushintsha indlela esithuthukisa ngayo izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu.

Ukubaluleka kwale nguqulo

Ukubaluleka kwe-PHP 8 kusemandleni ayo okwenza kube yisimanje kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Ngokugxila ekusebenzeni kahle nasekusebenziseni kalula, lokhu kukhishwa kuhlose ukuhlala kunokuncintisana nezinye izilimi zokuhlela zesimanje ngenkathi kugcinwa ubulula nokufinyeleleka okwenze i-PHP yaba olunye lwezilimi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu.

Izinguqulo Nezindaba ku-PHP 8

Selokhu yakhululwa okokuqala, i-PHP 8 iqhubekile nokuvela ngezinguqulo ezalandela zengeza ukusebenza okwengeziwe kanye nokucwenga ezikhona.

I-Versión	Usuku lokukhulula	Izindaba Eziyinhloko
I-PHP 8.0	Novemba 26 we-2020	Umhlanganisi we-JIT (Just-In-Time), izinhlobo zezinyunyana, ukukhuthazwa kwesakhiwo kumakhi, umqhubi we-nullsafe, izinkulumo zokufanisa, nokuthuthela kwensiza ezintweni.
I-PHP 8.1	Novemba 25 we-2021	Izinhlobo ze-intersection, izakhiwo ezifundwayo kuphela, amanani azenzakalelayo wezinto kumapharamitha, uhlobo lokubuyisela never, usekelo lwefomethi yesithombe se-AVIF, nokuthuthelwa kwezinsiza ezintweni.
I-PHP 8.2	December 8 we-2022	Izinhlobo ze-Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF), null, true y false njengezinhlobo ezizimele, isandiso esisha esingahleliwe, izibaluli ezizwelayo, nemisebenzi emisha efana nale ini_parse_quantity y curl_upkeep.
I-PHP 8.3	Novemba 23 we-2023	I-deep-cloning yezakhiwo ezifundwayo kuphela, umsebenzi json_validate(), indlela Randomizer::getBytesFromString(), ukuthayipha okusobala kwezimo zekilasi, nezici ezintsha kusandiso esingahleliwe.

Imininingwane yezinye izici ezivelele

• I-JIT Compiler (PHP 8.0): Sethula ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Just-In-Time okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
• Izinhlobo Zenyunyana (PHP 8.0): Ikuvumela ukuthi udalule izinhlobo eziningi ezingaba khona zokuguquguquka, ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwekhodi.
• I-Readonly Properties (PHP 8.1): Bakuvumela ukuthi uchaze izakhiwo ezinganikezwa kanye kuphela, ukuthuthukisa ukungaguquki.
• Izinhlobo ze-DNF (PHP 8.2): Ihlanganisa inyunyana nezinhlobo zempambanamgwaqo ukuze kube nokuguquguquka okukhulu ezincazelweni zohlobo.
• I-Deep-cloning (PHP 8.3): Ivumela ukuhlanganisa okujulile kwezakhiwo ezifundwayo kuphela, ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwezinto ezingaguquleki.

Lezi zinguqulo zibonisa i- umzamo oqhubekayo wokuthuthukisa I-PHP, iyenza isebenze kahle, ivikeleke, futhi ibe lula ukuthi isetshenziswe onjiniyela.

1. Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza

Enye yezindawo lapho i-PHP 8 ikhanya khona ekusebenzeni kwayo okuthuthukisiwe. Onjiniyela bayothola ukuthi yabo izinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenza ngokushesha nangempumelelo enkulu.

I-JIT Compiler

I-JIT (Just-In-Time) Compiler mhlawumbe isengezo esibaluleke kakhulu ngokuya ngokusebenza. Kodwa lenzani ngempela? I-JIT uyahlanganisa izingxenye zekhodi ye-PHP kwikhodi yomdabu yomshini ngaphambi nje kokwenza, okungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwesivinini esikhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisebenza ngekhompyutha.

Ukulungiselelwa kwangaphakathi

Ngokungeziwe ku-JIT, i-PHP 8 ihlanganisa ukulungiselelwa okuningi kwangaphakathi okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kukonke kolimi. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kusuka ekuphathweni okungcono kwenkumbulo kuye kuma-algorithms asebenza kahle kakhulu okusebenza okuvamile.

2. Izici Ezintsha Ze-Syntactic

I-PHP 8 yethula izici ezintsha ze-syntactical ezenza ikhodi ihlanzeke futhi icace kakhudlwana.

I-Nullsafe Operator

I-nullsafe operator (?->) ikuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise izingcingo zendlela ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngamanani angenalutho phakathi. Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sokuhlola okuyize okusobala futhi kwenza ikhodi ifundeke kakhudlwana.

Fanisa Isichasiso

Isisho match Kuyinguqulo enamandla kakhulu futhi evumelana nezimo switch. Ivumela ukuqhathanisa okunembe kakhudlwana futhi ibuyisele amanani ngokuqondile.

3. Izinhlobo Zedatha Ezithuthukisiwe

I-PHP 8 ithuthukisa uhlobo lwesistimu, inikeze ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe futhi ukuphepha ekuphathweni kwedatha.

Izinhlobo Zenyunyana

Izinhlobo Zenyunyana zikuvumela ukuthi ucacise izinhlobo eziningi ezingaba khona zepharamitha, indawo, noma inani lokubuyisela.

Uhlobo Oluxubile

Uhlobo mixed yethulwa njengohlobo olungamela noma yiliphi inani. Kuwusizo lapho usebenza nedatha yohlobo olungaziwa noma oluguquguqukayo.

4. Ukuphatha Iphutha Okuthuthukile

I-PHP 8 ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuphathwa kwamaphutha, ikwenze kube lula ukuthola nokusingatha izinkinga kukhodi yakho.

Phonsa Expression

Manje throw Kuyinkulumo, okusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ezimweni lapho bekungenzeki khona ngaphambili, njengakuma-opharetha we-ternary noma imisebenzi yomcibisholo.

Iphutha Lokuphatha Izithuthukisi

I-PHP 8 yethula ukuthuthukiswa ekuphatheni amaphutha, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintsha ezihlukile nolwazi olungcono lokususa iphutha.

5. Imisebenzi Elungiselelwe kanye Nezindlela

Imisebenzi nezindlela ku-PHP 8 zenziwe zathuthukiswa ukuze zibe namandla futhi zibe namandla.

Izingxabano Eziqanjwe

Izimpikiswano eziqanjiwe zikuvumela ukuthi udlulisele amanani kumsebenzi ngokucacisa igama lepharamitha, okuthuthukisa ukufundeka kwekhodi nokuvumelana nezimo.

Izimfanelo

Izibaluli zinikeza indlela yokwengeza imethadatha kumakilasi, izindlela, imisebenzi, nokuningi, ngokuqondile kukhodi yakho ye-PHP.

6. I-Object Oriented Programming

I-PHP 8 iqinisa ukusekelwa kwayo kohlelo olugxile entweni ngezici ezintsha nentuthuko.

Ukukhuthazwa Kwezakhiwo Zomakhi

Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuthi uchaze futhi uqalise izakhiwo zekilasi ngokuqondile kumakhi, wehlise inani lekhodi ye-boilerplate.

Imisebenzi Emisha Yezintambo

I-PHP 8 yethula izici ezintsha zokukhohlisa zezintambo ezenza imisebenzi evamile ibe lula.

7. Izinguquko Ekuphathweni Kwenkumbulo

Ukuphathwa kwememori ku-PHP 8 kuthuthukisiwe ukuze kusebenze kahle futhi kuqine.

Amamephu Abuthakathaka

Amamephu Abuthakathaka akuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinkomba ezibuthakathaka zezinto, okuwusizo ekusebenziseni izinqolobane nokugwema ukuvuza kwenkumbulo.

Ukuphathwa Kwezinsiza

I-PHP 8 ithuthukisa ukuphathwa kwensiza, iguqule izinhlobo eziningi zezinsiza zibe yizinto zokuphatha okungaguquki, okugxile entweni.

8. Ukuhambisana Nokufuduka

Ukuthuthela ku-PHP 8 kungase kudinge ukulungiswa okuthile kukhodi ekhona ngenxa yezinguquko zokusebenzisana.

Ukwehla

Izici eziningi nemisebenzi yehlisiwe ku-PHP 8. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza lokhu kuhoxiswa lapho uthutha ikhodi ekhona.

Emuva Izinguquko Ezingahambisani

I-PHP 8 yethula izinguquko ezithile ezingahambelani emuva. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza lezi zinguquko ngaphambi kokubuyekeza amaphrojekthi akhona.

9. Amathuluzi Okuthuthukisa

I-PHP 8 ithuthukisa umuzwa wokuthuthukisa ngamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu.

Ukuhlaziya okuqinile

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yohlobo kanye ne-syntax kuvumela ukuhlaziywa okunembe kakhudlwana, okusiza ukuthola amaphutha ngaphambi kokubulawa.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukulungisa iphutha

Amandla okususa amaphutha athuthukisiwe, ahlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe nolwazi oluwusizo ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa.

10. Ukuvikeleka Okuthuthukisiwe

Ukuphepha kuhlala kuyinto ehamba phambili ku-PHP 8, nokuthuthukiswa okumbalwa kule ndawo.

Ukuguqulwa Kohlobo Oluphephile

I-PHP 8 yethula ukuguqulwa kohlobo oluphephile, inciphisa ubungozi beziphazamisi ezihlobene nohlobo lwedatha nokuba sengozini.

Izithuthukisi ze-Cryptographic

Izici ze-Cryptographic zithuthukisiwe, zihlinzeka ngama-algorithms avikeleke kakhulu futhi asesikhathini samanje.

11. Ukusebenza Ezicelweni Zewebhu

I-PHP 8 inikeza ukuthuthuka okukhulu ekusebenzeni kohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu.

Umphathi Wenqubo ye-FastCGI

Isiphathi Senqubo ye-FastCGI (i-FPM) senziwe sathuthukiswa ukuze sikwazi ukusingatha imithwalo yemisebenzi ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.

I-HTTP/2 Server Push

I-PHP 8 ithuthukisa ukusekelwa kwe-HTTP/2 Server Push, ivumela ukulethwa kwezinsiza ngokushesha kuklayenti.

12. I-Ecosystem kanye Nomphakathi

Ukukhishwa kwe-PHP 8 kube nomthelela omkhulu ku-ecosystem ye-PHP kanye nomphakathi wayo.

Amaphakheji kanye Nezinhlaka

Amaphakheji amaningi adumile nezinhlaka zibuyekeziwe ukuze zisebenzise izici ezintsha ku-PHP 8.

Iminikelo Yomphakathi

Umphakathi we-PHP ube nesandla ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-PHP 8, ukufaka ikhodi, ukuhlola, kanye nemibhalo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ikuphi ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okuyinhloko ku-PHP 8?

Ukwethulwa Kwesihlanganisi se-JIT (Just-In-Time) kuthathwa njengokuthuthuka kokusebenza okubaluleke kakhulu ku-PHP 8, okuvumela ukukhishwa okusheshayo kwekhodi esebenza ngekhompyutha.

2. Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zenyunyana ku-PHP 8?

Izinhlobo Zenyunyana zikuvumela ukuthi ucacise izinhlobo eziningi ezingaba khona zepharamitha, indawo, noma inani lokubuyisela, okuhlinzeka ngokuguquguquka okukhulu nohlobo lokuphepha.

3. Isebenza kanjani i-nullsafe operator ku-PHP 8?

I-nullsafe operator (?->) ikuvumela ukuthi wenze izingcingo zezindlela ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngamavelu amaphakathi angenalutho, ukwenza ikhodi kube lula kanye nokunciphisa ukuhlola okuyize okusobala.

4. Kuyini Ukukhuthazwa Kwempahla Yomakhi ku-PHP 8?

Kuyisici esikuvumela ukuthi uchaze futhi uqalise izakhiwo zekilasi ngokuqondile kumakhi, wehlise inani lekhodi ye-boilerplate edingekayo.

5. Ingabe i-PHP 8 eya emuva iyahambisana ngokugcwele?

Nakuba i-PHP 8 ihambisana kakhulu ne-backward, yethula izinguquko ezithile ezingasekelwe. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza imibhalo esemthethweni ngaphambi kokuthutha amaphrojekthi akhona.

6. I-PHP 8 ikuthinta kanjani ukuphepha kohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu?

I-PHP 8 iqinisa ukuvikeleka ngokuguqulwa kohlobo oluphephile, ukuthuthukiswa kwemisebenzi ye-cryptographic, kanye nokuphatha amaphutha aqine kakhulu, okunikela ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zewebhu ezivikeleke kakhulu.

Isiphetho

I-PHP 8 imaka ngaphambi nangemuva ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu nge-PHP. Ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okuningi ekusebenzeni, i-syntax kanye nokusebenza kuvula amathuba amasha kubathuthukisi, okubavumela ukuthi bakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisheshayo, ezivikeleke kakhulu futhi ezilondolozekayo. Ngenkathi ukufuduka kungase kudinge umzamo othile, izinzuzo ezihlinzekwa yi-PHP 8 zenza ukuthuthukiswa kufanele kucatshangelwe. Ngokusekelwa okuqhubekayo okuvela emphakathini osebenzayo kanye ne-ecosystem ekhulayo, i-PHP 8 izibeka njengenketho eqinile yokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu yesimanje.

Ingabe uthole lesi sihloko mayelana nokuthi yini entsha ku-PHP 8 iwusizo? Yabelana nabanye onjiniyela bakho futhi ubasize bahlale benolwazi lwakamuva ngezinto ezintsha zakamuva ku-PHP!