- UKen Thompson, umbhali ohlanganyele we-UNIX nolimi lwe-C, waqala i-UNIX ngo-1969 eBell Labs noDennis Ritchie, efuna uhlelo oluguquguqukayo noluphathekayo.
- I-UNIX yethule uhla lwemibhalo, igobolondo, nemodeli yezimvume, ithuthukisa ukuguquguquka, ukuphepha, nokutholwa emanyuvesi nasezikhungweni zocwaningo.
- Ukuyibhala kabusha ngo-C kukhulise ukuphatheka kwayo; ifa layo lihlanganisa i-Plan 9, Go, kanye nethonya elihlala njalo ezinhlelweni zesimanje ezifana ne-Linux.
Izwe le-computing liye lalolongwa izingqondo ezihlakaniphile nezinombono ezishiye umthelela ohlala njalo embonini. Igama elilodwa elivelele ngu-Ken Thompson, ungqondongqondo ngemuva kokuzalwa kwesistimu yokusebenza ye-UNIX. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi u-Ken Thompson udale kanjani i-UNIX nokuthi ubuhlakani bakhe buguqule kanjani isimo sekhompiyutha. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sizothola isipiliyoni sakhe, ulwazi kanye nesizathu sokuthi kungani u-Ken Thompson eyigunya esihlokweni sokudalwa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-UNIX.
UKen Thompson: Ingqondo Ebonayo
UKen Thompson waziwa kabanzi njengomunye wabasunguli abanethonya elikhulu emlandweni wekhompyutha. Wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 4, 1943, eNew Orleans, eLouisiana, uThompson wabonisa kusukela esemncane ukuthi uyasithanda ubuchwepheshe kanye nekhono lakhe lokuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi efunda eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia , eBerkeley, uThompson waziveza njengomfundi ovelele, waphothula iziqu ze-bachelor kwizibalo ngo-1965.
Iminyaka Yezinhlelo Zokusebenza
Ngaphambi kokuhlolisisa ukuzalwa kwe-UNIX , kubalulekile ukuqonda umongo womlando kanye nokubaluleka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ngaleso sikhathi. Ngawo-1960, ukubala kwakukhula ngokushesha, futhi isidingo sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo neziguquguqukayo sasiba siphuthumayo kakhulu.
Iphrojekthi ye-MULTICS kanye Nezinyathelo Zokuqala
Ngawo-60, uKen Thompson wajoyina iphrojekthi ye-MULTICS eMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). I-MULTICS (Multiplexed Information and Computing Service) kwakuyiphrojekthi enesifiso esikhulu sokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokwabelana ngesikhathi. UThompson wasebenza ekuthuthukisweni kwesistimu yamafayela futhi wabhekana nezinselele eziningana zobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi sakhe kuphrojekthi.
Ukuzalwa kwe-UNIX
Ushintsho lwangempela emsebenzini ka-Ken Thompson lwenzeka ngo-1969, lapho yena noDennis Ritchie, omunye unjiniyela okhaliphile, beqala ukusebenza ohlelweni olusha lokusebenza e-AT&T's Bell Labs. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwabizwa nge-UNIX, umdlalo wamagama omele "Uniplexed Information and Computing System" futhi ubhekisela emdlalweni wamagama esiNgisi okusho "amayunithi amancane."
Izici ezintsha ze-UNIX
I-UNIX yethule izici eziningana ezintsha ezenza yagqama uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaleso sikhathi. Ezinye zezici eziphawuleka kakhulu zifaka:
- I-Directory Hierarchy: I-UNIX yethule uhlaka lohla lwemibhalo olulandelanayo, oluvumele ukuhlelwa okuphumelelayo kwamafayela nezinkomba ohlelweni lokusebenza.
- Igobolondo: I-UNIX yethule umyalo wotolika owaziwa ngokuthi igobolondo, onikeze isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi ukuze axhumane nekhompyutha. uhlelo lokusebenza. Lesi sici besibalulekile ukuze kube lula ukusetshenziswa kanye nomsebenzi ozenzakalelayo.
- Imodeli yezimvume: I-UNIX isebenzise imodeli yezimvume eziqinile, evumela ukufinyelela kumafayela nezinkomba ukuthi kulawulwe. Le ndlela yokuphepha yaba isici esiyisisekelo se izinhlelo imisebenzi yesimanje.
Umthelela we-UNIX Embonini
Ukwethulwa kwe-UNIX kwaba nomthelela omkhulu embonini yamakhompyutha futhi kwabeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje. Njengoba i-UNIX ithola ukuthandwa, yaba uhlelo lokusebenza olwamukelwa kabanzi emanyuvesi nasezikhungweni zocwaningo. Indlela yayo ye-modular nokuphatheka kwayo kuyenze yaba inketho ekhangayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ifa Elihlala Njalo likaKen Thompson
Ifa lika-Ken Thompson kanye neminikelo kukhompyutha ayikhawulelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-UNIX. Ngemva komsebenzi wakhe ku-UNIX, u-Thompson waqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile embonini. Wabhala ngokuhlanganyela ulimi lokuhlela lwe-C, olwaba olunye lwezilimi zokuhlela ezinethonya elikhulu emlandweni. Ukwengeza, u-Thompson uphinde wabandakanyeka ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Plan 9 kanye nolimi lokuhlela lwe-Go.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yini eyabangela uKen Thompson ekudaleni i-UNIX?
Ukudalwa kukaKen Thompson kwe-UNIX kwashukunyiswa yisidingo sohlelo lokusebenza oluguquguqukayo nolusebenzayo olungasebenzisa izinsiza zekhompyutha ngokugcwele. UThompson kanye nozakwabo uDennis Ritchie babona ithuba lokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza olwaluzonqoba ukulinganiselwa kwezinhlelo ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi.
Iluphi ulimi lokuhlela olwasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa i-UNIX?
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala kwe-UNIX kwenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngolimi lokuhlanganisa , kodwa kamuva kwabhalwa kabusha ngolimi lokuhlela lwe-C. Ukusetshenziswa kolimi lwe-C kwavumela ukuphatheka okukhulu futhi kwasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-UNIX.
Yini ukubaluleka kohla lwemibhalo ku-UNIX?
Ukulandelana kohlu lwemibhalo ku-UNIX kuyisici esibalulekile esihlinzeka ngesakhiwo esihlelekile sokugcina amafayela nezinkomba. Lesi sici sivumele abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele kalula futhi baphathe amafayela nezinhlelo kusistimu yokusebenza, okuthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle nokuhleleka.
Iyiphi indima u-Ken Thompson ayidlalile ekuthuthukisweni kolimi lokuhlela lwe-C?
UKen Thompson wayengomunye wababhali ababambisene bolimi lwezinhlelo ze-C, kanye noDennis Ritchie. Umsebenzi wakhe wokuthuthukisa i-C waba nesandla ekwamukelweni kwayo yonke indawo nempumelelo njengolunye lwezilimi zokuhlela ezinethonya kunawo wonke.
Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-UNIX ne-Linux?
I-Linux, isistimu yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekile, isekelwe kakhulu kumigomo nemiqondo ye-UNIX. Nakuba kunomehluko wezobuchwepheshe phakathi kwalezi zinhlelo ezimbili zokusebenza, zabelana ngezici eziningi eziyisisekelo namafilosofi. Uhlu lozalo lwe-UNIX lube nomthelela ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kweLinux.
Iliphi ifa lika-Ken Thompson elihlala njalo?
Ifa elihlala njalo lika-Ken Thompson umthelela abe nawo kukhompyutha nasekuthuthukisweni kwamasistimu okusebenza. Umsebenzi wakhe wokudala i-UNIX wabeka isisekelo sezinhlelo eziningi zesimanje zokusebenza esizisebenzisayo namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqhaza lakhe olimini lokuhlela lwe-C kanye nomsebenzi wakhe wakamuva wokuthuthukisa i-Plan 9 ne-Go nakho kushiye umthelela omkhulu embonini.
Isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, uKen Thompson ungumuntu odumile emhlabeni wekhompyutha, odumile ngendima yakhe ebalulekile ekudalweni kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-UNIX . Umbono wakhe kanye nobuhlakani bakhe kushiye ifa elihlala njalo eliguqule imboni. Ngokwethulwa kwezici ezintsha kanye nokugxila kwakhe ekuguqukeni nasekuthwaleni, uThompson wabeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje. Ubuchwepheshe bakhe, igunya, kanye nokuthembeka endabeni kaKen Thompson: Ukuzalwa kwe-UNIX akunakuphikwa, futhi ithonya lakhe ekukhompyutha lisasebenza nanamuhla.