- I-Surface Web iwungqimba olubonakalayo nolunenkomba, kuyilapho i-Deep Web ihlanganisa konke okuqukethwe okuyimfihlo noma okungalandeleki.
- I-Dark Web iyi-subset ekhethekile ye-Deep Web edinga isofthiwe ethile efana ne-Tor ukuze ifinyeleleke.
- Ama-Darknets ayizingqalasizinda zobuchwepheshe ezivumela ukungaziwa futhi zisingatha okuqukethwe kwe-Dark Web.
Cishe uke wezwa ukufaniswa kokuthi i-inthanethi ifana nentaba yeqhwa, lapho lokho esikubona nsuku zonke kumane kuyiphuzu nje. Lokhu kufaniswa kuvame kakhulu ukuzama ukuchaza ukuthi iwebhu inkulu kakhulu kunalokho okubonakala, kodwa kuvame ukudala ukudideka okukhulu phakathi kwemibono , nakuba ihlobene, engafani.
Ukuze sigweme ukudukiswa, ake sichaze kancane kancane ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela ekujuleni kwe-cyberspace. Akuyona yonke into efihliwe eyingozi, futhi akusiyo yonke into edinga isofthiwe ekhethekile engekho emthethweni; kumane kuyindaba yezingxenye ezahlukene zokufinyelela kanye nobumfihlo okwakha i-World Wide Web njengoba siyazi namuhla.
I-Surface Web: Lokho sonke esikubonayo
Okubizwa ngokuthi i-Surface Web, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Clearnet noma i-surface web, empeleni yindawo ye-inthanethi esiyisebenzisayo u-99% wesikhathi. Konke okuqukethwe okuye kwafakwa ohlwini lwezinjini zokusesha zendabuko ezifana ne-Google, i-Bing, noma i-Yahoo. Uma ungafinyelela ikhasi ngokuthayipha igama elingukhiye enjinini yokusesha, uphequlula i-surface web.
Lesi sikhala sihlanganisa izinkundla zokuxhumana, amabhulogi, amaphephandaba aku-inthanethi, namawebhusayithi ezinkampani. Nakuba kuyingxenye efinyeleleka kakhulu, akuyona into engenaphutha; izingozi ezifana nemikhankaso yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye ne-malware nazo zikhona lapha. Ngokuthakazelisayo, naphezu kokuba yiyona ebonakala kakhulu, imelela ingxenye encane yolwazi oluphelele olusakazwa ku-inthanethi, yize iqukethe izigidigidi zamakhasi abhalwe ohlwini.
I-Deep Web: I-Invisible Giant
Yilapho izinto ziba nzima khona. I-Deep Web akuyona indawo emnyama noma eyimfihlakalo, kodwa okuqukethwe nje okungafakwanga ohlwini . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amarobhothi e-Google awakwazi ukufinyelela kuyo, kungaba ngoba ikhasi livikelwe yiphasiwedi, lidinga inkokhelo, noma ikhasi eliguquguqukayo elikhiqizwa umbuzo othize.
Ukuze uthole umbono, ufinyelela i-Deep Web izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Njalo uma uhlola ibhokisi lakho lokungenayo le-imeyili , i-akhawunti yakho yasebhange eku-inthanethi, noma isitoreji sakho sangasese se-Dropbox noma i-Google Drayivu, uphequlula i-Deep Web. Ezinye izibonelo ezicacile zifaka phakathi ama-intranet enkampani, izizindalwazi zezemfundo, amarekhodi ezokwelapha kumaseva ezibhedlela, kanye namafayela kahulumeni anqunyelwe.
Kubalulekile ukususa inganekwane yokuthi i-Deep Web ayivumelekile ngokomthetho. Eqinisweni, yilona ungqimba oluqinisekisa ubumfihlo bethu kanye nokuphepha kwedijithali. Ngaphandle kwayo, noma ubani angafunda ama-imeyili akho noma afinyelele ibhalansi yakho yasebhange ngokwenza usesho lwe-Google. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi le ndawo yakha cishe u-90% wakho konke okuqukethwe kwe-inthanethi.
I-Dark Web: Ikhona lokungaziwa
I-Dark Web, ngokwezobuchwepheshe, iyingxenye encane ye-Deep Web. Umehluko oyinhloko ukuthi ngenkathi usebenzisa i-Deep Web usebenzisa isiphequluli esivamile (i-Chrome, i-Firefox, i-Safari) kodwa udinga izimvume, ku-Dark Web okuqukethwe kufihlwe ngamabomu futhi kudinga isofthiwe ekhethekile ukuze ibukwe.
Inethiwekhi edume kakhulu yi-Tor (The Onion Router), esebenzisa uhlelo lokuqondisa olunezingqimba (njengo-anyanisi) ukufihla ikheli le-IP lomsebenzisi nokubethela uxhumano. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukulandelela ukuthi ubani ovakashela yiliphi ikhasi. Ama-URL lapha awapheli ku-.com noma ku-.org, kodwa kunalokho asebenzisa izandiso ezingezona ezijwayelekile njenge-.onion , ezingafinyeleleki kunoma yisiphi isiphequluli esivamile.
Nakuba inedumela elibi ngenxa yezimakethe ezimnyama, ukuthengiswa kwezinto ezingavunyelwe, ukushushumbiswa kwedatha eyebiwe, kanye nobugebengu be-inthanethi, i-Dark Web nayo inokusetshenziswa okusemthethweni nokuhloniphekile . Iyisiphephelo esibalulekile sezintatheli, izishoshovu, kanye nabaphenyi emazweni anokuvinjelwa okukhulu, lapho ukufinyelela kolwazi lwamahhala kungaba yingozi empilweni.
Ama-Darknets: Ukwakhiwa kobuchwepheshe
Amagama athi Dark Web kanye ne-Darknet avame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana, kodwa kukhona umehluko wobuchwepheshe. I-Darknet iyingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi ezimele , iqoqo lezinqubo kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvumela ukungaziwa. Ungasho ukuthi i-Darknet ingumgwaqo kanti i-Dark Web ingukuqukethwe okutholakala ezakhiweni ezikulowo mgwaqo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-Darknets ngaphandle kwe-Tor, njenge-I2P (Invisible Internet Project) kanye ne-Freenet. Lawa manethiwekhi adala indawo lapho ukuxhumana kubethelwe khona futhi amaseva awavezi indawo yawo yangempela. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo ze-obfuscation kuvumela ngisho nesihloko samakhasi athile ukuba singabonakali, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi labo abazi i-URL eqondile kuphela bakwazi ukuwafinyelela.
Ukuqhathanisa kanye nezingozi zangempela
Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, umehluko ulula: i-Surface Web iwumphakathi futhi ifakiwe ohlwini; i-Deep Web iyimfihlo futhi idinga ukugunyazwa; i-Dark Web ayiziwa futhi idinga isofthiwe ekhethekile. Kukhona indawo empunga lapho kutholakala khona izinsizakalo ezifana ne-Torrent noma i-eMule, ezingafakwanga ohlwini ngokugcwele kodwa ezingadingi isofthiwe eyinkimbinkimbi yokungaziwa.
Ukuzulazula ku-deep web, ikakhulukazi i-Dark Web, kuthwala izingozi ezinkulu. Akukhona nje ukukhwabanisa kwezezimali nokuqukethwe okungekho emthethweni; futhi kuyindawo evundile yokulanda i-malware ngengozi kanye nokwebiwa kweziqinisekiso zakho. Ngakho-ke, uma ilukuluku likunqoba, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ama-VPN, unike amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinyathelo ezimbili , futhi ugcine uhlelo lwakho luvuselelwe, uqonda ukuthi ukuphepha okuphelele akukho , ngisho nasemanethiwekhi abethelwe kakhulu.
Ukuqonda ukuthi i-inthanethi ihlukaniswe ngezingqimba kusenza sikwazi ukuyizulazula ngeso elibucayi kakhulu. Nakuba iningi le-web liyithuluzi elifinyeleleka emphakathini noma ngasese lokusetshenziswa kwethu kwansuku zonke, kunezingongolo ezenzelwe ukungaziwa ngokuphelele ezingasebenza kokubili ukuvikela amalungelo abantu kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yobugebengu ibe lula, kanti i-Dark Web iyingxenyana encane nje yolwandle olukhulu lwedatha eyakha i-Deep Web.
