I-PowerShell, i-WMI, ne-CIM yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela okuthuthukisiwe ezinhlelweni ze-Windows

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » I-PowerShell, i-WMI, ne-CIM yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela okuthuthukisiwe ezinhlelweni ze-Windows

Uma usebenza ekuphatheni izinhlelo zeWindows, uzobhekana nezinkinga ngokushesha noma kamuva I-PowerShell, i-WMI, kanye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalelayo okuthuthukisiweAkuyona nje indaba yokwazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imiyalo emine: uma uphatha amaseva amaningi noma amakhulu, udinga indlela eqondile, ehlelekile, nephephile yokuqoqa ulwazi, ukusebenzisa izinguquko, nokuphinda imisebenzi ngaphandle kokuhlanya... noma ukuphula noma yini.

Kule migqa elandelayo sizohlola, ngokuthula kodwa ngokucophelela, ukuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani inzuzo Ukuxhumana okukude kwe-WMI, CIM kanye ne-PowerShell ukuze zenzekalise konke kusukela emibuzweni elula kuya ezimweni zengqalasizinda eziyinkimbinkimbi. Sizobona nokuthi konke lokhu kuhambisana kanjani namamojula, imisebenzi yangemuva, i-Azure, i-Microsoft 365, kanye nezinye izici ezithuthukisiwe ezenza umehluko wangempela emsebenzini wansuku zonke womphathi wezinhlelo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PowerShell kanye nokubuka konke kokuzenzakalela okuthuthukisiwe

I-Windows PowerShell ithuthuke kakhulu Kusukela ezinguqulweni zayo zokuqala, futhi ingxenye enkulu yalokho kuthuthuka kweza ne-Windows Server 2012, lapho ukuxhumana okukude kwathuthukiswa khona, ama-cmdlet atholakalayo anwetshwa, futhi izinto ezifana nokulungisa amaphutha, imisebenzi yangemuva, kanye namaphuzu okuxhumana anqunyelwe kwenziwa kwaba lula ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha.

Omunye wemibono ebalulekile yalesi simo ukuthi abaphathi bangakwazi Dala ukuziphatha okufana ne-cmdlet ngaphandle kohlelo olujulile, kuncike ezicini ezithuthukisiwe, amamojula angasetshenziswa kabusha kanye nohlelo losizo oluphelele kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, esikhundleni sokuthembela kumathuluzi ezithombe asakazekile, ungakha isethi ehambisanayo yezikripthi namamojula azenzakalela izinqubo zokuphatha amaseva, amanethiwekhi, i-Active Directory, i-Azure, noma i-Microsoft 365.

Emkhakheni we i-automation ethuthukisiwe Okunye okuphawulekayo yizici ezifana nemisebenzi yokusebenzisa imisebenzi ngendlela engahambisani, ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukuphathwa okusekelwe ekucushweni nge-PowerShell DSC, kanye nezinketho zokuphepha ezifana ne-JEA (Just Enough Administration) noma i-PowerShell Web Access, okuvumela ukulawula okuningiliziwe kwalokho umuntu ngamunye angakwenza nokuthi ukuphi.

Lonke lolu hlelo lokusebenza luhambisana kahle kakhulu ne-WMI kanye ne-CIM, njengoba ulwazi lokuphatha oluvezwe uhlelo lokusebenza (ihadiwe, izinsizakalo, izinqubo(ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi, isofthiwe efakiwe, njll.) iba isethi yezinto ongazibuza, uzihlunge, futhi uzishintshe usebenzisa imiyalo ye-PowerShell eyenzelwe ukuzenzakalela okukhulu.

I-WMI ne-CIM: Imiqondo Eyinhloko Nomehluko Ongokoqobo

I-Windows Management Instrumentation, eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi I-WMI ubuchwepheshe obuzimele ku-PowerShell. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi iyingxenye ye-Windows futhi iveza ulwazi lokuphatha mayelana nesistimu yokusebenza, ihadiwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Ayixhomekile ku-PowerShell, kodwa i-PowerShell iyisebenzisa kakhulu ukuze yenze imisebenzi ibe ngokuzenzakalela.

Umlandeli wemvelo we-WMI ohlelweni lwe-PowerShell yi- Ama-cmdlets e-CIM (Imodeli Yolwazi Oluvamile)Lawa ma-cmdlet, aqalwe nge-PowerShell 3.0, ahlanganiswe kumojuli ye-CimCmdlets futhi afaka imiyalo efana ne-Get-CimInstance, Get-CimClass, New-CimInstance, Invoke-CimMethod, Register-CimIndicationEvent, Set-CimInstance, kanye ne-Remove-CimInstance, phakathi kwezinye.

Ezinguqulweni ezindala ze-Windows PowerShell, njengenguqulo 5.1 ku-Windows 10 noma i-Windows 11, usengathola ama-cmdlets e-WMI akudala (Get-WmiObject, Invoke-WmiMethod, Register-WmiEvent, Remove-WmiObject, Set-WmiInstance). Nokho, lawa ma-cmdlet awasasetshenziswa futhi awasafakwa ku-PowerShell 6 kanye nezinguqulo zakamuva, ngakho-ke afaneleka kuphela ekugcineni izikripthi ezindala noma ukubuyekeza ikhodi endala.

Akuphikisani ukuthi umuntu akhulume “ngokubuza i-WMI ngama-cmdlets e-CIM”: Ama-cmdlet e-CIM ayaqhubeka nokufinyelela ulwazi lwe-WMIKodwa-ke, benza kanjalo besebenzisa izinqubo zesimanje ezifana ne-WSMan kanye ne-API ehambisanayo. Ngezinjongo ezisebenzayo, ukuze uthole intuthuko entsha kufanele ugxile ku-CIM futhi ucabangele ama-cmdlet e-WMI kuphela uma udinga ukufuduka noma ukuqonda izikripthi ezindala.

Ngokomlando, abaphathi abaningi basebenzise i-VBScript ngolimi lombuzo lwe-WQL ukubuza i-WMI, isibonelo ngokuxhuma endaweni yegama impande\CIMV2 kanye namakilasi okubuza imibuzo afana ne-Win32_BIOS. Lowo mbuzo ofanayo we-WQL ungasetshenziswa kabusha namuhla nge-Get-CimInstance ngokudlulisa ipharamitha ye--Query, eyenza kube lula kakhulu ukuguquka kusuka ku-VBScript kuya ku-PowerShell ngaphandle kokudinga ukubhala kabusha i-logic kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwe-Get-CimInstance kanye nemibuzo ephumelelayo

Ngomsebenzi wansuku zonke, indlela engokwemvelo kakhulu yokubuza i-WMI nge-PowerShell ukusebenzisa I-Get-CimInstance enepharamitha ye--ClassNameEsikhundleni sokubhala imibuzo ephelele ye-WQL, ungasebenzisa i-Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_BIOS ukuthola ulwazi lwe-BIOS. Lokhu kuzobuyisela into enezakhiwo ezifana noMenzi, Igama, i-SerialNumber, noma i-SMBIOSBIOSVersion.

Njengoba konke okuku-PowerShell kuyizinto, kulula kakhulu Hlunga bese ukhetha kuphela okudingayoUma unentshisekelo kuphela enombolweni ye-serial, ungathumela umphumela ku-`Select-Object -Property SerialNumber`, noma usebenzise i-`Select-Object -ExpandProperty SerialNumber` ukuze ukhiphe umucu olula esikhundleni sento enepropathi. Enye inketho evamile ukusebenzisa i-dot syntax (`Get-CimInstance ...`).SerialNumber` ukuze ufinyelele inani ngqo.

Kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuthi, ngokuzenzakalelayo, Imibuzo ye-WMI ibuyisa izakhiwo eziningi kunalokho ozokusebenzisa ngempelaKumshini wendawo, lokhu ngokuvamile akubangeli izinkinga, kodwa uma uqala ukubuza ngemishini eminingi ekude, kuholela esikhathini esengeziwe sokucubungula kanye nethrafikhi yenethiwekhi engadingekile. Yilapho ipharamitha ethi `-Property` ye-`Get-CimInstance` ingena khona, ikuvumela ukuthi ukhawulele ukuthi yiziphi izakhiwo ezitholwa emthonjeni.

Ngokucacisa i--Property SerialNumber, isibonelo, unciphisa inani lolwazi oludlulisiwe, okwenza umbuzo ube ngokushesha nangokusebenza kahle, ikakhulukazi ngezingaLo mbono wokuthi "oda kuphela lokho engikudingayo" ubalulekile lapho uklama izikripthi zempahla noma zokuhlola ezisebenza emishinini eminingi noma engamakhulu.

Ngamafuphi, i-Get-CimInstance ikunikeza ibhalansi enamandla kakhulu phakathi ubulula (umugqa owodwa womyalo) kanye nokuguquguqukaKungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenza ngezigaba ezithile, imibuzo ye-WQL yakudala, noma izakhiwo ezithile ofuna ukuzilungiselela ukuze zibuyiselwe.

Ukubonisana okukude ne-CIM, amaseshini kanye nezinqubo ze-WSMan/DCOM

Uma usuka eqenjini lendawo bese uqala ukubuza ngemishini ekude, kunezici eziningana ezibandakanyekayo: izimvume, iphrothokholi yokuxhumana kanye nokusebenzaNakuba abantu abaningi bebona i-PowerShell njengento "eyingozi", iqiniso liwukuthi ayikuniki amalungelo engeziwe: unezimvume ezifanayo ncamashi ne-interface yesithombe noma elinye ithuluzi, akukho okunye noma okuncane.

Uma uzama ukusebenzisa i-Get-CimInstance -ComputerName Server -ClassName Win32_BIOS ngaphandle kokuba namalungelo anele kuleyo khompyutha, Uzothola iphutha elithi “Ukufinyelela kuyanqatshwa”.Akukhona ukuthi i-PowerShell iyahluleka; kumane nje ukuthi umsebenzisi oqhuba iseshini akanalo ilungelo lokufinyelela lolo lwazi ku-WMI. Ungavula ikhonsoli njengomphathi wesizinda, vele, kodwa lokho kusho ukuthi noma yimuphi umyalo uzosetshenziswa ngalawo malungelo, okuyingozi engadingekile ezindaweni eziningi.

Isincomo ukusebenzisa isimiso sokuthi amalungelo amancane futhi uwakhuphule kuphela uma kudingekaKuma-cmdlets asekela ipharamitha ye--Credential, ungacacisa iziqinisekiso ezihlukile zalowo myalo kuphela. Nokho, i-Get-CimInstance ayiwamukeli ngokuqondile i--Credential, futhi yilapho i-CimSessions ingena khona njengesixazululo esihle.

I-CimSession iwuxhumano oluqhubekayo nekhompyutha ekude ongaludala nge-New-CimSession, oludlulisa igama lekhompyutha kanye neziqinisekiso (isibonelo, i-New-CimSession -ComputerName dc01 -Credential (Get-Credential)). Lesi sigaba sigcinwa ku-variable, njengokuthi $CimSession, bese isetshenziswa kabusha nge-Get-CimInstance ngokusebenzisa ipharamitha ye--CimSession esikhundleni se--ComputerName, ekuvumela ukuthi ugxilise imibuzo eminingi ekuxhumaneni okukodwa.

Ngaphezu kwenkinga yeziqinisekiso, i-Get-CimInstance isebenzisa okuzenzakalelayo Iphrothokholi ye-WSMan (esekelwe ku-WinRM)Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhompyutha ekude kumele ibe nenguqulo ye-WSMan stack engu-3.0 noma ngaphezulu, okufana ne-PowerShell 3.0 noma kamuva. Ungahlola inguqulo ye-WSMan stack kukhompyutha ene-`Test-WSMan -ComputerName RemoteComputer` bese uqinisekisa ukuthi inani "le-Stack" lingu-3.0 noma ngaphezulu ukuze usebenzise le ndlela yokuxhuma.

Amaseshini e-CIM ane-DCOM kanye nokuhambisana kwangemuva

Ama-cmdlet amadala e-WMI asekelwe ku-Get-WmiObject athembele ku- Iphrothokholi ye-DCOM, esahambisana nezinguqulo ezindala ze-WindowsInkinga iwukuthi, ezinhlelweni zesimanje, i-firewall ivame ukuvimba i-DCOM ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi kufanele uvule ama-port athile uma ufuna ukuyisebenzisa njengoba injalo, okungase kungqubuzane nezinqubomgomo zokuphepha zenhlangano.

Ama-cmdlet e-CIM anikeza indawo ephakathi enamandla: ungakha izinketho zeseshini nge I-CimSessionOption Entsha -Iphrothokholi DcomUngazigcina ku-variable (isibonelo, i-$DCOM) bese uzihlanganisa ne-New-CimSession ukuze udale i-CimSession esebenzisa i-DCOM esikhundleni se-WSMan. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uxhumeke kumaseva amadala kakhulu, ngisho nalawo angaphambi kwe-Windows Server 2000, lapho i-PowerShell ingafakwanga khona.

Ngokuvamile kulula ukugcina iziqinisekiso zomphathi wesizinda noma i-akhawunti enamalungelo aphezulu ku-variable (isibonelo $Cred = Thola Isiqinisekisoukuze ugweme ukuzithayipha njalo. Bese, ngento efana ne-New-CimSession -ComputerName sql03 -SessionOption $DCOM -Credential $Cred ungaqala i-CimSession nge-DCOM kuseva endala engasekeli i-WSMan kodwa ene-WMI.

Ngokombono wombhali weskripthi, inzuzo enkulu ukuthi Umphumela we-Get-CimInstance awushintshi kuye ngephrothokholiUthola izinto ezifanayo kanye nezakhiwo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-WSMan noma i-DCOM. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukucabanga ngoba ungahlanganisa ukutholakala kwephrothokholi efanele kumsebenzi bese uvumela yonke ikhodi ukuthi isebenze ngokusobala nge-CimSessions.

Eqinisweni, kuvamile kakhulu ukudala imisebenzi yangokwezifiso ehlola i-WSMan nge-Test-WSMan futhi, uma ingatholakali, iwela ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-DCOM usebenzisa i-New-CimSessionOption. Ngale ndlela ungakwazi Yenza kube ngokujwayelekile ukudalwa kwe-CimSessions ezindaweni ezixubile ngamaseva esimanje nawakudala, ngaphandle kokuphinda i-logic yokuxhumeka kuzo zonke izikripthi zakho.

Ukuphathwa, ukufakwa ohlwini kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-CimSessions

Uma uqala ukusebenzisa i-CimSessions kakhulu, kubalulekile ukulandelela lokhu ukuze ugweme ukuqongelela ukuxhumana okungadingekile. I-Get-CimSession ikuvumela ukuthi ubhale zonke izikhathi ezivulekile, bona ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi abayikhombayo bese uhlola ukuthi iyiphi iphrothokholi abayisebenzisayo (i-WSMAN noma i-DCOM), into ewusizo kakhulu ekuxilongeni izinkinga zokuxhumeka noma zokuqinisekisa.

Ungaphinde uthole lezo zikhathi ezikhona ku-variable, isibonelo $CimSession = Thola-CimSessionfuthi uwasebenzise kumyalo owodwa we-Get-CimInstance -CimSession $CimSession -ClassName Win32_BIOS wokubuza amakhompyutha amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, uhlanganisa izikhathi ze-WSMan ne-DCOM ekusebenzeni okufanayo.

Uma usuqedile ukuhlola lolo lwazi, kungcono ukuvala amaseshini ukuze ugweme ukushiya izinsiza zivulekile ngokungadingekile. Thola i-CimSession | Susa i-CimSession Lokhu kususa wonke ama-CimSessions asebenzayo kuphrofayela yamanje ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungadlulisela amaseshini athile ku-cmdlet ye-Remove-CimSession ukuze uvale amanye awo kuphela.

Ukusebenza ngale ndlela kukuvumela ukuthi ube imijikelezo yokuxhumeka elawulwayo kanye nokunqanyulwaLokhu kunconywa kakhulu uma usebenzisa izikripthi ngaphakathi kwemisebenzi ehleliwe, ama-runbook e-automation, noma amapayipi okuhlanganisa okuqhubekayo angashiya amaseshini elenga uma ungahleli ngokusobala lokho kuhlanzwa.

I-PowerShell njengolimi oluphelele lokuzenzakalela

Ngale kwe-WMI ne-CIM, i-PowerShell isibe ulimi oluzenzakalelayo olunenhloso ejwayelekile Idlula kakhulu iskripthi sokuphatha se-Windows esijwayelekile. Kunezincwadi kanye nezifundo eziphelele ezinikezelwe kumakhono ayo athuthukile, ezihlanganisa konke kusukela ekufakweni ku-Linux kanye ne-Windows kuya ekuthuthukiseni amamojula asakazwayo nge-NuGet, kanye nokufaka phakathi izindawo zentuthuko zesimanje njenge-Visual Studio Code.

Indawo evamile yokuqala ukuqonda izici ze-PowerShell ezithuthukisiweLawa mamojula akuvumela ukuthi uchaze amapharamitha, ukuqinisekiswa, umphumela ohleliwe, kanye nosizo oluhlanganisiwe cishe ezingeni le-cmdlet yomdabu. Ukusuka lapho, ukuhlela ikhodi ibe amamojula kwenza kube lula ukusebenza ngokubambisana emaqenjini okusebenza, njengoba ungakwazi ukuhumusha nokushicilela lawa mamojula ezindaweni zokugcina zangaphakathi noma zomphakathi ezisekelwe ku-NuGet.

Ukusebenza nayo kubalulekile izinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye namakilasiLokhu kuvula umnyango wamamodeli wedatha acebile kakhulu kunezikripthi ezijwayelekile eziqondile. Kukuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise i-logic yebhizinisi, usebenzise kabusha izakhiwo, futhi uklame ama-API angaphakathi eqembu lakho lokuphatha, konke kuqhutshwa yinjini ye-PowerShell.

Emkhakheni we-automation ethuthukisiwe, okulandelayo kudlala indima ebalulekile: Imisebenzi yangemuva kanye nemisebenzi yokusebenzaLawa makhono akuvumela ukuthi uphathe imisebenzi engahambisani, uqalise imisebenzi emide ngaphandle kokuvimba ikhonsoli, futhi uhlele ukulandelana okuyinkimbinkimbi emishinini eminingi. Afaneleka kahle imibuzo ye-WMI/CIM eningi kanye nezimo zokuphatha okude, lapho kuvame ukudingeka khona ukulinda izinhlelo ukuthi zisebenzise izinguquko noma zibuyisele idatha.

Esinye isici esibalulekile yi-PowerShell DSC (Desired State Configuration), ekuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise. chaza ukucushwa okufiselekayo kwengqalasizinda (izindima, izici, izinsizakalo, amafayela, izilungiselelo zokuphepha…) bese usebenzisa lezo zimo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Uma kuhlanganiswe nolwazi oluthola nge-WMI/CIM, ungabona ukuphambuka, ukulungise ngokushesha, futhi ulondoloze izindawo ezihambisanayo ngomzamo omncane wesandla.

Ukuphathwa kwendawo, okude, kanye nefu nge-PowerShell

Ezingeni lendawo kuphela, i-PowerShell inikeza ama-cmdlets Ukuphathwa kwezinsizakalo zesizinda se-Active DirectoryUkucushwa kwenethiwekhi kanye nokuphathwa kweseva. Ku-Windows 10 kanye nezinguqulo zakamuva, ukuhlanganiswa kujule nakakhulu, okukuvumela ukuthi wenze konke ngokuzenzakalelayo kusukela ekudalweni kwewebhusayithi kuya ekuphathweni kwezinto ze-Active Directory kanye nokucushwa kwe-adaptha yenethiwekhi.

Ingxenye engaziwa kakhulu kodwa ewusizo kakhulu yile Abahlinzeki be-PS kanye nama-PSDrivesLezi zici zikuvumela ukuthi uphathe izindawo ezahlukene zokugcina (izinhlelo zamafayela, amarejista, i-Active Directory, njll.) njengokungathi ziyizidrayivu ezisebenzisekayo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi, isibonelo, udale amaqembu e-Active Directory, okhiye bokubhalisa, noma izakhiwo zamafolda kumakhompyutha akude usebenzisa i-syntax efanayo ongayisebenzisa ukuze uzulazule ku-hard drive.

Ngokuphathelene nokuphathwa okukude, i-PowerShell ihlanganisa isethi enamandla kakhulu yemisebenzi ye- xhuma kwikhompyutha eyodwa noma ngaphezulu bese sebenzisa imiyalo egameni lakhoUngasebenzisa amaseshini e-PSSession aqhubekayo, amasu okulawula kude athuthukisiwe, izimo zomuntu ngamunye (ukuphatha amaseva amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa), noma izimo zomuntu ngamunye ukuze ulungise amaphutha ezimweni ezithile. Konke lokhu, vele, ngenkathi uhlonipha ukwakheka kanye nemodeli yokuphepha yokufinyelela okude.

Ifu nalo lidlala indima ebalulekile namuhla. I-Azure PowerShell kanye ne-Azure Cloud Shell Ungaphatha imishini ebonakalayo, isitoreji, kanye nokubhaliselwe ngqo kusuka kulayini womyalo. Ukufaka amamojula e-Azure PowerShell nokujwayela ukusebenza nawo cishe kuyimpoqo uma uphatha izindawo ezihlanganisiwe noma eziphethwe yi-Azure ngokugcwele.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-PowerShell nayo izisungule njenge Ithuluzi lokubhekisela lokuphatha i-Microsoft 365 (I-Exchange Online, i-SharePoint Online, Amaqembu, abasebenzisi, namalayisense). Kusukela ekudaleni nasekuphatheni ama-akhawunti kuya ekuphatheni izinsiza ze-Exchange Online, okuhlanganisa amaqembu, amasayithi e-SharePoint, kanye namaqembu e-Microsoft, konke kungahlelwa ngezikripthi ezinciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi wezandla kuphothali yewebhu.

Ukubhala imibhalo, amapayipi, kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu yokusebenza

Ukuze uthole okuningi ngokuzenzakalelayo okuthuthukisiwe nge-WMI ne-CIM, kubalulekile ukwazi kahle Imodeli yepayipi le-PowerShellNgokungafani nezinye izigobolondo, lapha awudlulisi umbhalo ocacile kodwa izinto eziphelele, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe, uhlele, ulinganise, uhlunge, ubale futhi uguqule ulwazi ngokunemba okukhulu.

Ukufunda ukusebenza ngesiteshi kuhilela ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele ukukhethwa nokuhlunga ama-cmdletsLokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqonda ukuthi ungazibala kanjani izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi nokuthi ungadlulisa kanjani idatha phakathi kwemiyalo nezikripthi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ulwazi. Lokhu kuqiniswa ukusetshenziswa okuhlelekile kweziguquguquko, ama-array, namathebula e-hash, asebenza njengezakhiwo zedatha zesikhashana lapho kungakhiwa khona i-logic ethuthukisiwe kakhulu.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo Ukubhala phansi kanje: ukupakisha imiyalo ibe yizikripthi ezingasetshenziswa kabushaNgokulawula ukugeleza (uma, ngenxa, i-foreach), ukungenisa idatha kusuka kumafayela e-CSV noma amanye amafomethi, ukuphathwa kokufakwa komsebenzisi, ukuphathwa kwamaphutha, kanye nokubhaliswa kwemicimbi, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usuke emiyalweni ngayinye uye kumathuluzi angaphakathi aqinile.

Ukuxazulula izinkinga kanye nokuphathwa kwamaphutha kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinkulu zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ezine-WMI/CIM, ngoba ukuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi, imvume engalungiselelwe kahle, noma isigaba esingekho Zingaphula inqubo uma zingaphathwa kahle. Ngamabhulokhi e-try/catch, izenzo zamaphutha ezilungisekayo, kanye nokungena okuningiliziwe, ungalindela futhi usabele kangcono kulezi zimo.

Ekugcineni, konke okuhlobene imisebenzi namamojula avala indilingaUsayina izikripthi ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bazo, upakisha imisebenzi kumamojula, usabalalise lawo mamojula ezindaweni zokugcina zangaphakathi noma zomphakathi, futhi udale uhlelo lwamathuluzi abiwe ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yakho. Ngale ndlela, noma yikuphi ukuthuthukiswa okusha ku-WMI, CIM, noma ukususwa kwedatha kuhlanganiswe ne-suite ehambisanayo nelula ukuyinakekela.

Uma uhlanganisa konke okungenhla—i-WMI/CIM, amaseshini akude, ukubhala, imisebenzi engasebenzi ngendlela efanayo, i-DSC, i-Azure, kanye ne-Microsoft 365—uthola indawo lapho ukuzenzekela okuthuthukisiwe nge-PowerShell Iba yisizinda esiyinhloko sokuphatha. Ngesisekelo esiqinile semikhuba emihle kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa okuhlakaniphile kwe-CimSessions (kanye ne-WSMan ne-DCOM), kanye nomklamo wesikripthi esihlanganisiwe, ungaphatha ingqalasizinda ehlukahlukene ngokungaguquguquki, ngokuphephile, nangokusebenza kahle kakhulu kunokuthembela kuphela kubathakathi bezithombe noma amathuluzi ahlukanisiwe.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ukuzenzakalela okuthuthukisiwe ku-Windows nge-PowerShell DSC kanye ne-Ansible