Imiyalo Eyimfihlo Yokusebenza kanye ne-CMD ku-Windows

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Uma usebenzisa i-Windows nsuku zonke futhi usavula yonke into kumamenyu, uphuthelwa elinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu: ibhokisi lengxoxo ethi Run kanye ne- command prompt . Ngezinqamuleli ezimbalwa zekhibhodi ezifundwe kahle kanye nemiyalo, ungavula amathuluzi afihliwe, uhlole izinkinga, usheshise uhlelo lwakho, futhi uzulazule ku-Windows njengochwepheshe.

Kuwo wonke lo mhlahlandlela, uzothola uhlu olukhulu lwemiyalo yebhokisi lengxoxo ethi Run (Windows + R) kanye ne-CMD console , echazwe ngokucacile nangesiSpanishi. Uzobona konke kusukela ekufinyeleleni okusheshayo kuya kumaphaneli okucushwa kanye nezinsiza zokuphatha kuya emiyalweni eyisisekelo yokuqalisa ku-terminal kanye neminye imiyalo "eyimfihlo" yokuxilonga inethiwekhi yakho, ukuhlola idiski yakho, noma ukwenza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalela.

Indlela yokuvula ibhokisi lengxoxo ethi Run nokuthi kufanele lisetshenziswe nini

Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale, kuyasiza ukuqonda ukuthi ungalivula kanjani ibhokisi lengxoxo elithi Run nokuthi kuziphi izimo elisebenziseka kakhulu kunokuzulazula kumamenyu. Leli windi elincane likuvumela ukuthi uqalise izinhlelo, amafolda esistimu, namathuluzi okucushwa ngokuthayipha umyalo omfushane.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuvula ibhokisi lengxoxo elithi Run ku-Windows, kodwa esheshayo ukusebenzisa isinqamuleli sekhibhodi ukhiye we-Windows + R. Ibhokisi lengxoxo lizovuleka ngokushesha, futhi ungaqala ukuthayipha umyalo ofuna ukuwusebenzisa.

Uma ukhetha ukukwenza ngegundane, ungachofoza kwesokudla inkinobho ethi Qala bese ukhetha inketho ethi "Run" kumenyu yokuqukethwe , noma uthayiphe u-"Run" ebhokisini lokusesha kubha yomsebenzi bese ulivula kusukela lapho.

Ubuhle baleli thuluzi ukuthi likusindisa ekubeni udlule kuzilungiselelo, iphaneli yokulawula, noma amamenyu afihliwe. Ngokwazi izinqamuleli ezimbalwa, ungavula ngqo amathuluzi athuthukile njenge-msconfig, regedit, gpedit.msc, noma i-diskmgmt.msc ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi.

Imiyalo yebhokisi lengxoxo ye-Essential Run yokuphatha i-Windows

I-Windows ifaka iqoqo elihle lemiyalo eklanyelwe ukuvula ngokushesha amathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuphatha noma ukugcina uhlelo. Ngale ndlela yokukhetha, ungafinyelela izilungiselelo zesistimu, amadiski, amasevisi, inethiwekhi, irejista, nokuningi ngaphandle kokusesha kumamenyu.

Sizoqala nge-crown jewel: umyalo we -msconfig . Ukuthayipha okuthi "msconfig" ku-Run kuvula iwindi lokucushwa kwesistimu, lapho ungaphatha khona ukuqalisa kwe-Windows, ukhethe uhlelo lokusebenza oluzenzakalelayo uma unamaningi afakiwe, vumela imodi ye-Safe Boot, noma ulawule ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo nezinhlelo eziqala ngohlelo.

Enye i-classic yi- msinfo32 , evula ithuluzi le -System Information . Lapha uzobona isifinyezo esinemininingwane eminingi sekhompyutha yakho: Inguqulo ye-Windows, i-motherboard, iprosesa, i-RAM, i-BIOS, izingxenye, kanye nenqwaba yehadiwe kanye nedatha yesofthiwe ewusizo kakhulu ekuxilongweni.

Uma udinga ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekani ngezinsizakusebenza ze-PC yakho ngesikhathi sangempela, ungasebenzisa umyalo othi `resmon` ukuze uvule i-Resource Monitor. Lo msebenzi udlula i-Task Manager futhi ukukhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU, i-RAM, idiski, kanye nenethiwekhi okuningiliziwe ngenqubo ngayinye, okuwusizo kakhulu ekuboneni izinkinga.

Uma ufuna ukulungisa indlela igundane eliziphatha ngayo, umyalo we -main.cpl ukuyisa ngqo kuphaneli yezakhiwo zegundane, lapho ungashintsha khona isivinini sesikhombisi, uguqule izinkinobho, ulungise ukuchofoza kabili, noma ulungiselele isondo lokuskrola ngaphandle kokudinga ukungena kuzilungiselelo.

Ukuze uphathe ukuxhumana okukude, ungasebenzisa i-mstsc , evula iklayenti le-Remote Desktop Connection. Kuyindlela esheshayo yokuxhuma kwenye i-PC noma iseva ye-Windows ngenethiwekhi bese uyilawula njengokungathi uhleli phambi kwayo.

Ukuthayipha i-cmd ebhokisini lengxoxo elithi Run kuvula i-Command Prompt yakudala, ikhonsoli emnyama ejwayelekile lapho ungagijima khona yonke imiyalo yomugqa wemiyalo esizoyibona kamuva. Uma ukhetha enye indlela yesimanje, ungasebenzisa i-PowerShell ukuvula ikhonsoli ye-PowerShell futhi usebenze ngama-cmdlets nezikripthi ezithuthukisiwe.

Umyalo othi `explorer` uvula i-Windows File Explorer ngqo, okulungele uma udinga iwindi elisha lokuphequlula kusuka noma yikuphi ohlelweni. Futhi uma ufuna ukufinyelela okusheshayo kuzilungiselelo, ungasebenzisa nje `control` ukuze uqalise i-Control Panel yendabuko.

Elinye ithuluzi elibalulekile yi -taskmgr , evula i-Task Manager. Ukusuka lapha ungaqeda izinqubo eziqandisiwe, ubone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ezilayisha ngokweqile iprosesa noma imemori, futhi uqaphe ukusebenza kwesistimu yakho iyonke.

Ukuze uphathe ukuvala noma ukuqala kabusha kusuka endaweni yakudala yezithombe, kukhona umyalo othi shutdown.exe onemingcele , kodwa kusukela ku-Run ungasebenzisa futhi "ukuvala" ngqo ku-console, noma ngisho nokuvala okuyisisekelo ukuhlela ukuvala uhlelo okuzenzakalelayo.

Uma usola ukuthi i-hard drive yakho inezinkinga, umyalo we -chkdsk ovela ku-Run noma i-CMD uqala uhlelo lokuhlola idiski, olungaskena i-hard drive ukuthola ama-sector amabi namaphutha ohlelweni lwamafayela, bese luzama ukuzilungisa uma kungenzeka.

Ukuze ukhulule isikhala sediski ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini eyengeziwe, ungathayipha i-cleanmgr (ngezinye izikhathi ehunyushwa ngokuthi “umphathi wokuhlanza”). Lokhu kuzovula ithuluzi le-Windows Disk Cleanup, elikuvumela ukuthi ususe amafayela esikhashana, ukhiphe i-Recycle Bin, futhi ususe eminye imfucuza yesistimu.

Uma ufuna ukuhlola izilungiselelo zehluzo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nemidlalo kanye ne-multimedia, umyalo we -dxdiag uvula ithuluzi le-DirectX Diagnostics, elibonisa ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana namakhadi wehluzo, abashayeli bomsindo namavidiyo, kanye nezinguqulo ze-DirectX ezifakiwe.

Ngokuphathelene nama-terminal athuthukile, i-PowerShell ivula ikhonsoli ye-PowerShell, lapho ungaqhuba khona ama-cmdlet, wenze imisebenzi yokuphatha ibe ngokuzenzakalelayo, uphathe izinsizakalo, abasebenzisi, noma usebenze nezikripthi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlanganisa izingxenye ezahlukene zesistimu.

Uma udinga ukwazi kahle ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo ye-Windows oyisebenzisayo, inketho esheshayo umyalo we-winver (ngezinye izikhathi obhalwe ngokuthi "winver /winner" ohlwini oluhunyushiwe), ovula iwindi elivelayo elinesimo se-edition, build, kanye nelayisensi yesistimu yokusebenza.

Umyalo othi "control folders" uvula ngqo i-Folder Options, lapho ungavumela khona ukuboniswa kwamafayela afihliwe, ubonise noma ufihle izandiso zefayela, futhi ulungise indlela amafolda nezinto eziboniswa ngayo ku-Explorer.

Ukuze ulawule ama-partition nama-disk ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle, ungasebenzisa i-diskmgmt.msc , evula i-Disk Management. Ukusuka lapho ungakha, ufomethe, futhi ususe amavolumu, ushintshe izinhlamvu zedrayivu, futhi uphathe ama-disk ayisisekelo naguquguqukayo.

I-Event Viewer, ebalulekile ekuxilongeni izinkinga zesistimu, ivulwa nge- eventvwr.msc . Le khonsoli ibonisa izingodo ezivela kwezokuphepha, uhlelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye neminye imithombo eminingi, ikusiza ukuthi uthole umthombo wokuphahlazeka, ukuqandisa, noma imiyalezo yamaphutha.

Uma uhlelo lwakho lwe-Windows lukuvumela, i-gpedit.msc ivula i-Local Group Policy Editor, ithuluzi elinamandla lokusetha izinqubomgomo zesistimu ezithuthukisiwe, ukukhawulela imisebenzi, ukusebenzisa izilungiselelo zokuphepha, noma ukulawula ukuziphatha kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nesistimu yokusebenza uqobo.

Kubasebenzisi abathuthukile, umyalo we-regedit ungomunye wemithetho ebucayi kakhulu: uvula i-Windows Registry Editor. Ukusuka lapha, ungashintsha okhiye namanani alawula cishe konke ukuziphatha kwesistimu kanye nokwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Unamandla amakhulu, kodwa kufanele uqhubeke ngokuqapha ngoba ushintsho olungalungile lungaphazamisa i-Windows.

Iphaneli ye -sysdm.cpl ivula Izakhiwo Zesistimu, lapho ungashintsha khona igama lekhompyutha, ulihlanganise nesizinda, ulungiselele uxhumano olukude, amaphrofayili abasebenzisi, kanye nokusebenza kwesistimu kanye nezinketho zokuvikela (kufaka phakathi amaphuzu okubuyisela).

Uma ukhathazekile ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ikakhulukazi kuma-laptop, umyalo we -powercfg.cpl ukuyisa ngqo ku-Power Options, lapho ungakhetha khona noma wenze ngezifiso izinhlelo zamandla, ulungise izikhathi zokulala, futhi uchaze indlela inkinobho yamandla noma isivalo esisebenza ngayo.

Ukuze kufinyeleleke kalula, umyalo othi "khulisa " (noma "khulisa" kwezinye izincazelo) uvula i-Windows Magnifier, ithuluzi elibalulekile uma udinga ukwandisa izingxenye zesikrini ukuze ufunde umbhalo omncane noma ubuyekeze izithombe ngokuningiliziwe.

Nge -charmap uvula iMephu Yezinhlamvu, lapho ungakopisha khona izimpawu ezikhethekile, izinhlamvu ezigqanyisiwe ezivela kwamanye ama-alfabhethi, izithonjana nezinhlamvu ezingaveli kukhibhodi ebonakalayo kodwa ezihambisana namafonti esistimu.

Iphaneli yokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi ivula ngo- ncpa.cpl . Yindawo evamile yokuvula noma yokukhubaza ama-adaptha enethiwekhi, ukushintsha amakheli e-IP, i-DNS, ukuhlanganisa ukuxhumana, noma ukulungisa izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe ze-interface yakho ye-Ethernet noma ye-Wi-Fi.

Ukuze uhlole ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho inegciwane yini, umyalo we-mrt (ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi “mrt /sir” ekuhunyushweni komshini) wethula i-Microsoft Malicious Software Removal Tool. Yenza ukuskena okubonakalayo kwe-malware eyaziwayo futhi ingasusa ezinye izinsongo ezivamile.

Umyalo we -devmgmt.msc uvula i-Device Manager, ebala zonke izingxenye zehadiwe ezixhunyiwe namadivayisi. Ukusuka lapha ungabuyekeza abashayeli, ukhubaze amadivayisi aphikisanayo, noma uhlole izinkinga zabashayeli.

Uma uphatha abasebenzisi bendawo, i-netplwiz ikuthatha ikuyise kuphaneli yama-Akhawunti Omsebenzisi yakudala. Ukusuka lapho ungangeza abasebenzisi abasha, ushintshe uhlobo lwe-akhawunti, ulungise amaphasiwedi, futhi ulungiselele ukungena ngemvume okuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokudinga iphasiwedi.

Iwindi Lezinsizakalo Zangemuva livula ngo- services.msc . Lolu hlu lubonisa zonke izinsizakalo ezifakiwe, isimo sazo (ezisebenzayo noma ezimisiwe), uhlobo lokuqalisa, kanye nenketho yokuziqala noma yokuzimisa ngesandla. Luyisisekelo sezingxenye eziningi ezibalulekile ze-Windows.

Uma ufuna ukuphatha izinhlelo ezifakiwe ngendlela yendabuko, umyalo we -appwiz.cpl uvula iphaneli ethi "Izinhlelo Nezici", egxile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle. Ukusuka lapho, ungakhipha isofthiwe, ushintshe izingxenye ezifakiwe, noma ulungise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikuvumelayo.

Ukuze ufinyelele ngokushesha iphrofayela yakho yomsebenzisi, ungathayipha i- . (i-period) elula ebhokisini elithi Run. Lokhu kuvula ifolda yempande yomsebenzisi wamanje, lapho kutholakala khona amadokhumenti, okulandwayo, ideskithophu, kanye nezinye iziqondisi zomuntu siqu.

Uma udinga ikhibhodi ebonakalayo, umyalo we -osk uvula ikhibhodi esesikrinini, efanelekela izikrini zokuthinta noma lapho ikhibhodi yakho ebonakalayo yehluleka noma ingatholakali.

Ngokuphathelene nezithombe-skrini, i-snippingtool yethula i-Snipping Tool yakudala (noma inguqulo yesimanje kuye ngohlobo), okuhlala kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuthatha izithombe-skrini ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini eyengeziwe.

Ekugcineni, umyalo we-mdsched uvula i-Windows Memory Checker. Ngemva kokuqala kabusha ikhompyutha, le nsizakalo ihlola i-RAM ukuze ibone ukuthi kukhona yini amaphutha angokwenyama angase abangele ukuphahlazeka noma izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Imiyalo "eyimfihlo" yokuhlanza ngokushesha, ukwenza ngcono, nokulungiselela iWindows

Ngaphezu kwemiyalo eyaziwayo, kunezinketho eziningi ezingaziwa kakhulu ezikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele izici ezifihliwe noma ezingabonakali kangako ze-Windows 10 kanye ne-11. Zilungele ukuhlanza amafayela angafuneki, ukulungisa ukubukeka, noma ukulungisa izinkinga zokusebenza ngaphandle kokuhlupheka okukhulu.

Umyalo odumile kakhulu wokukhulula isikhala sediski ngu- %temp% . Ukuthayipha lo myalo ebhokisini lengxoxo elithi Run kuzovula ifolda yamafayela esikhashana yomsebenzisi, evame ukutholakala ku-AppData\Local\Temp. Ukusuka lapho, ungakhetha konke (Ctrl+A) bese ukusula nge-Delete ukuze uthole isikhala esikhulu sediski.

Enye inketho ewusizo kakhulu yi -SystemPropertiesPerformance , evula iphaneli yezinketho zokusebenza kwe-Windows. Lapha ungakhetha phakathi kokubeka phambili ukubukeka noma ukusebenza okubonakalayo, ukukhubaza ama-animation njengokunciphisa nokukhulisa amafasitela, noma ukususa imiphumela yesithunzi ukuze uthuthukise ukushelela kumakhompyutha angenamandla kakhulu.

Uma ufuna ukuzizwa sengathi ubuyela ezinkethweni zakudala zezinye izinguqulo ze-Windows, kulelo phaneli elifanayo ungakhetha izilungiselelo ezifana nokuthi "Lungisa ukuze uthole ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu" bese uphinda usebenzise imiphumela oyiphuthelwa ngempela, uthole ibhalansi phakathi kobuhle nesivinini.

Umyalo we -appwiz.cpl esesiwubonile uyindlela esheshayo yokuphatha izinhlelo ngaphandle kokudlula ku-interface entsha yezilungiselelo ze-Windows 10 kanye ne-11. Kulabo abajwayele uhlelo oludala, kulula kakhulu kunokuya kuzilungiselelo > Izinhlelo zokusebenza > Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe.

Ngokuphathelene nosuku nesikhathi, i-timedate.cpl ivula iphaneli yakudala yokulungisa iwashi, indawo yesikhathi, namawashi engeziwe, kanye nokuvumelanisa namaseva e-inthanethi. Kuwusizo kakhulu uma ikhompyutha yakho ibonisa isikhathi esingalungile noma uma udinga ukuhlola izindawo zesikhathi eziningi.

Futhi akufanele sikhohlwe indima ye- msconfig ekuxazululeni izinkinga. Kuthebhu yayo ye-Boot, ungavumela i-Safe Mode, ukhubaze izinsizakalo osola ukuthi zibangela izingxabano, noma wenze i-diagnostic boot ukuze uhlukanise umthombo wezinkinga zokusebenza noma ukungazinzi.

Imiyalo eyisisekelo ye-CMD yokuzulazula amafolda, ukukopisha amafayela, nokuphatha uhlelo

I-Windows Command Prompt (CMD) ingaba yinto eyethusayo ekuqaleni, kodwa ngemiyalo embalwa eyisisekelo, uzobe uzulazula kalula. Le miyalo izokuvumela ukuthi uphequlule amafolda, uhlu lwamafayela, ukopishe okuqukethwe, futhi wenze imisebenzi elula ngaphandle kokushiya ikhibhodi yakho.

Umyalo oyinhloko wokuzulazula kumafolda yi -CD . Usebenzisa i-syntax cd DirectoryPath ungafaka noma iyiphi ifolda oyifunayo, kuyilapho nge -cd.. (ikholoni) ukhuphuka izinga elilodwa esihlahleni sefolda bese ubuyela kufolda equkethe.

Ukuze ubone ukuthi yini ekwifolda yamanje, umyalo we -DIR ubonisa uhlu oluphelele lwamafayela kanye nezinhlu zemibhalo. Kuyindlela esheshayo yokuhlola ukuthi ifayela olidingayo likhona yini noma yokunquma ukuthi yiliphi ifolda encane okufanele ungene kuyo ngokulandelayo.

Ukuze uthole umbono ohlelekile, i-TREE Folder ibonisa isakhiwo esiphelele sefolda yendlela ecacisiwe, ikhombisa wonke amafolda amancane nokuthi axhumene kanjani. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlaziywa izihlahla zefolda eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Uma umphumela ugcwele umbhalo futhi ufuna ukuqala kabusha, umyalo we -CLS usula ngokuphelele isikrini sekhonsoli, ususe yomibili imiyalo oyithayiphile kanye nezimpendulo zesistimu. Kufana nokuvula iwindi elisha le-CMD ngaphandle kokuvala elikhona.

Ukuze uvale ikhonsoli, vele uthayiphe i-EXIT , eqeda iseshini yamanje bese ivala iwindi le-command prompt.

Uma uke wadweba isikhala esingenalutho futhi ungakhumbuli igama eliqondile lomyalo, i-HELP ibonisa uhlu lwemiyalo etholakalayo kanye nencazelo emfushane (ngesiNgisi) yalokho okwenziwa yilowo nalowo. Ungathayipha futhi okuthi `help command_name` ukuze ubone usizo olunemininingwane eminingi lwalowo myalo othize.

Ngokuphatha amafayela, i-COPY Destination File ikopisha ifayela elilodwa noma amaningi ukusuka endaweni yawo yamanje kuya endleleni oya kuyo oyicacisile. Iwusizo kokubili ekulondolozeni okusheshayo nasekuhambiseni okuqukethwe phakathi kwamafolda ngaphandle kokusebenzisa igundane.

Ukuze uthole ama-backup athuthukile futhi aqinile, i-ROBOCOPY inikeza isethi yezinketho ezinamandla kakhulu: iyashesha, ikuvumela ukuthi uqalise kabusha ama-backup aphazamisekile, ikhombisa inqubekela phambili yesikhathi sangempela, futhi ikopisha amafayela aguquliwe kuphela, alungele ukuhambisa idatha enkulu.

Uma udinga ukuhambisa ifayela kwenye ifolda ngaphandle kokushiya ikhophi emthonjeni, umyalo we -MOVE File Destination uhambisa ifayela endleleni entsha, okulingana no-"cut and paste" kodwa kusuka ku-console.

Ukuze ususe, sebenzisa umyalo we-DEL ukuze ususe amafayela noma iziqondisi ozichazile. Qaphela ngoba amafayela noma iziqondisi azithunyelwa njalo ku-Recycle Bin, ngakho-ke ukususa kungaba unomphela uma ungenayo ikhophi yasenqolobaneni.

Uma ufuna ukushintsha igama lefayela, i-RENAME File (noma i-REN) ikuvumela ukuthi unikeze igama elisha, futhi ushintshe ngisho nesandiso. Kodwa-ke, ukushintsha isandiso akuguquli ngokuyisimangaliso ifomethi eyodwa ibe yinye; kumane kushintsha igama elisetshenziswa yiWindows ukuze lihlonze.

Ukuze udale amafolda amasha, i-MD FolderName (noma i-MKDIR) idala uhla lwemibhalo endaweni yamanje enegama olichazile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wakhe izakhiwo zefolda ngaphandle kokushiya i-terminal.

Icebo elithakazelisayo ukusebenzisa i-`TYPE file.extension` ngokuhlanganiswa nokuqondisa kabusha ukuze udale amafayela ombhalo kusuka ku-console bese uwabhalela. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale ngokushesha izikripthi, amanothi, noma amafayela okucushwa ngaphandle kokuvula umhleli wezithombe.

Phakathi kwemiyalo eyisisekelo kukhona i-FORMAT , ekuvumela ukuthi ufomethe wonke amadrayivu. Kunconywa ukuqaphela okukhulu lapho usebenzisa lo myalo, njengoba usula konke okuqukethwe yidrayivu ekhethiwe; kufanele uwusebenzise kuphela uma uqinisekile ukuthi ufuna ukusula ngokuphelele idiski noma ukulungiselela idrayivu entsha.

Imiyalo yokuxilonga kanye nokulungisa: inethiwekhi, idiski, abashayeli kanye nokusebenza

Ngaphezu kokuzulazula kumafolda, umyalo we-Windows uhlanganisa imiyalo enamandla yokuxilonga izinkinga zehadiwe, inethiwekhi, kanye nesistimu . Lezi ngezinye zezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi abathuthukile kanye nabaphathi.

Ukuze uthole umbono ophelele wekhompyutha yakho, i-SYSTEMINFO ibuyisa ulwazi olunemininingwane eminingi mayelana nohlelo lokusebenza, inguqulo, umenzi, imodeli, inkumbulo ebonakalayo efakiwe, isikhathi kusukela ekuqaleni kokugcina, kanye nolunye ulwazi olubalulekile olukusiza ukuqonda isimo somshini wakho.

Uma usola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle nge-hard drive, i-CHKDSK iyavela futhi, kodwa iqaliswe kusuka ku-CMD ngamapharamitha afana ne- /f noma i-/r . Okwangaphambili kulungisa amaphutha esistimu yamafayela anengqondo, kuyilapho okwakamuva kusesha nemikhakha emibi ebonakalayo futhi kuzama ukubuyisa idatha efundekayo.

Ngezinkinga zokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi noma kwenethiwekhi yendawo, i-IPCONFIG ibalulekile. Ihlinzeka ngekheli le-IP, imaski ye-subnet, isango elizenzakalelayo, kanye nolunye ulwazi lwe-adaptha ngayinye yenethiwekhi. Ngamapharamitha afana ne -ipconfig /release kanye ne-ipconfig /renew , ungakhulula futhi uvuselele amakheli e-IP, okuwusizo kakhulu lapho uxhumano lulenga ngenxa yokungqubuzana kwekheli le-IP.

Uma udinga ukuhlaziya isimo sokuxhumeka, i-NETSTAT ibonisa izibalo zephrothokholi kanye nazo zonke izixhumanisi ze-TCP/IP ezisebenzayo. Ukusebenzisa i-`netstat -an` kuzokukhombisa ukuthi yimaphi amachweba alalele, yimaphi amakheli akude oxhumeke kuwo, kanye nesimo salezo zixhumanisi—ulwazi oluyisihluthulelo lokuthola ithrafikhi esolisayo noma izinsizakalo ezisebenza ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho.

Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga zokubambezeleka noma ukuxhumeka kwehla ngeseva ethile, i-TRACERT HostDirectory (noma i-“tracert www.site.com”) ikuvumela ukuthi ulandelele indlela amaphakethe ayithathayo esuka kukhompyutha yakho aye endaweni oya kuyo, ibonise ukugxuma ngakunye okuphakathi nesikhathi esithathayo. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ukhombe ukuthi ukubambezeleka kwenzeka kuphi kunethiwekhi.

Uma wake wacelwa ikheli le-MAC lekhompyutha yakho, umyalo we -GETMAC uzolibonisa ngokushesha. Leli kheli liyisihlonzi esiyingqayizivele sekhadi lakho le-interface yenethiwekhi, elibalulekile ekulungiselelweni okuthile kwe-router okuthuthukisiwe, ukuhlunga, noma ilayisensi yehadiwe.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe inguqulo eqondile ye-Windows, i-VER ibuyisela inombolo yenguqulo yekhonsoli, ewusizo uma ulinde isibuyekezo noma udinga ukwazi ukuthi uhlelo lwakho luyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zesofthiwe ethile.

Ungavula futhi i -Control Panel kusuka ku-CMD ngokuthayipha "control" noma ngisho nomyalo othi CONTROL PANEL kwezinye izinguqulo, yize indlela yendabuko ivame ukuthembeka kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza kube isinqamuleli sekhibhodi esilula, okususa isidingo sokuya kumenyu ethi Qala.

Uma inkinga ihlobene nokuvumelanisa isikhathi noma ufuna nje ukwazi isikhathi esiqondile ku-PC yakho, i-TIME iyakubonisa futhi ikuvumele ukuthi ushintshe isikhathi sesistimu kusuka ku-console, okuwusizo uma uhlola noma udinga ukurekhoda imicimbi ngokunembile.

Umyalo we-DRIVERQUERY ubala bonke abashayeli abafakiwe, okubonisa igama lemojuli, incazelo, kanye nohlobo lomshayeli. Iyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu lokuhlola izinguqulo zomshayeli noma ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ethile inabashayeli bayo abafakiwe kahle.

Ukuze kuqashwe ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo ezisebenzayo, i-TASKLIST inikeza uhlu lwazo zonke izinqubo ezisebenzayo, i-PID yazo (isihlonzi senqubo), kanye nokusetshenziswa kwememori. Ifana ne-Task Manager, kodwa ngefomethi yombhalo, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu kuma-terminals noma ama-script akude.

Uma inqubo ilenga, ungayiqeda ngenkani nge -`TASKKILL /PID ProcessIDNumber` ngokucacisa i-PID yayo. Ungasebenzisa futhi amapharamitha afana ne -`/IM processname.exe` ukuyibulala ngegama, okuwusizo kakhulu lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ziyeka ukuphendula.

Ukuze uhlole ubuqotho bamafayela esistimu, i-SFC (System File Checker) iskena izinguqulo ezivikelwe ze-Windows bese ithatha indawo yanoma yiziphi ezonakele noma eziguquliwe. Kumelwe uyisebenzise kukhonsoli enamalungelo okuphatha, futhi ngokuvamile kubalulekile uma usola ukuthi ifayela lesistimu lonakele.

Uma ufuna ukukhulula isikhala kusuka ku-CMD, i-CLEANMGR ivula i-Disk Cleanup, ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe idrayivu bese ususa amafayela esikhashana, imibiko yamaphutha amadala, noma ukufakwa kwangaphambilini kwe-Windows, phakathi kwezinye izinto.

Ukuze kulinganiswe ukusebenza, i-WINSAT FORMAL isebenzisa ibhentshimakhi yesistimu ephelele ehlola i-CPU, i-RAM, ihluzo, kanye nediski. Ungasebenzisa futhi izinhlobo ezifana ne -WINSAT CPUFORMAL, i-MEMFORMAL, i-GRAPHICSFORMAL, noma i-DISKFORMAL uma unesifiso sokulinganisa ingxenye ethile kuphela.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlelo okujwayelekile kwenziwa nge -DEFRAG , eqala inqubo yokuhlela kabusha idatha ku-hard drive yomshini ukuze kuthuthukiswe izikhathi zokufinyelela. Kuma-SSD, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlelo okujwayelekile akudingeki, kodwa i-Windows iyiphatha ngokuhlakanipha ngemuva.

Uma udinga ukusebenza ezingeni eliphansi ngama-partition, i-DISKPART iyithuluzi elithuthukisiwe, elinemiyalo efana ne -LIST DISK noma i-LIST VOLUME , elibonisa wonke ama-disk nama-volume kukhompyutha yakho futhi likuvumela ukuthi udale, ususe, futhi ulungiselele ama-partition. Inamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke isebenzise ngokucophelela.

Ukuze ulawule ukuvala kusukela kukhonsoli, umyalo othi SHUTDOWN uwukusebenzisa. Ungavala ikhompyutha nge -shutdown -s -t TimeInSeconds (ukuhlela ukuvala), uyiqalise kabusha nge -shutdown -r , noma uvale iseshini yamanje ngaphandle kokuvala usebenzisa amanye amapharamitha athile.

Uma ufuna ukuphuma ku-akhawunti yakho yamanje kuphela kodwa ugcine ikhompyutha ivuliwe, i-LOGOFF ivala umsebenzisi osebenzayo, ibuyisele uhlelo esikrinini sokungena ngemvume.

Imiyalo eyishumi "eyimfihlo" ye-CMD okufanele uhlale unayo

Ngaphezu kwemiyalo yokuxilonga esesiyibonile kakade, kunemiyalo eminingana, uma isetshenziswa ngokuhlakanipha, ekunika ukulawula okuhle kakhulu kunethiwekhi, amafayela, kanye nokucushwa. Abasebenzisi abaningi abayithinta kancane, kodwa iyimimese yangempela ye-Swiss Army.

Eyokuqala yi -ipconfig , esesixoxe ngayo kakade, kodwa efanelwe ukukhulunywa ngayo ngokukhethekile: ayibonisi nje kuphela imininingwane yokucushwa kwenethiwekhi, kodwa ngezinhlanganisela ezifana ne -ipconfig /flushdns ungathulula i-DNS cache ukuze uxazulule izinkinga zokufinyelela amawebhusayithi athile.

Ukuze uvale, uqale kabusha, noma ufihle i-PC yakho emgqeni womyalo, i-`shutdown` ingumngane wakho omkhulu. Amapharamitha afana ne -`shutdown /s /f /t 0` avale ngokushesha, i- `shutdown /r` iyaqala kabusha, kanye ne- `shutdown /h` ifaka uhlelo ku-hibernation, okuwusizo kakhulu lapho isikhombikubona sesithombe siqandisiwe.

Sesivele siyibonile i-tracert , ekuvumela ukuthi ubone ukuthi yimaphi ama-node uxhumano lwakho oludlula kuwo ukuze lufinyelele iseva ekude, kodwa uma ihlanganiswe neminye imiyalo yenethiwekhi iba ithuluzi lokuxilonga elinamandla kakhulu kubaphathi.

I-CHKDSK , esetshenziswa ngamaswishi afanele, iba umngane omkhulu wanoma ubani osola inkinga nge-hard drive yakhe. I -chkdsk ehleliwe C: /f /r ekuqaliseni kabusha ingakusindisa emaphutheni evolumu kanye nemikhakha emibi ngaphambi kokuba izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu.

I -systeminfo.exe esebenzisekayo igxilisa umbiko wesistimu ophelele kahle emyalweni owodwa, ofanelekela ukuqoqwa kwempahla okusheshayo, ukuhlolwa kwamabhuku, noma ukwabelana ngokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe ngaphandle kokuthatha izithombe-skrini eziyinkulungwane.

Umyalo we -`assoc` ukuvumela ukuthi uphathe ukuhlanganiswa kwamafayela, okunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo oluvula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesandiso ngasinye sefayela. Uzobona into efana ne -`.txt=txtfile` , futhi ungashintsha lokhu kuhlanganiswa ukuze izinhlobo ezithile zamafayela zihlale zivuleka ngohlelo olufunayo.

Umyalo we-ping ungowokudala wonke umuntu ake wezwa ngawo. Uthumela amaphakethe e-ICMP ekhelini elikude futhi ulinganise isikhathi sokuphendula, okukusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iseva ingafinyeleleka yini nokuthi kungakanani ukubambezeleka kokuxhumeka kwakho kuyo.

Sesivele sishilo nge-netstat , kodwa ifanelwe ukuba kulolu hlu ngoba iyithuluzi eliyisisekelo lokuhlola ukuxhumana okusebenzayo, ama-listening ports, noma ukuxhumana okungaba yingozi okungase kwembule i-malware noma isofthiwe engagunyaziwe.

Ngohlu lomsebenzi kanye ne-taskkill ehambisana nalo , ungaqapha futhi ulawule zonke izinqubo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvula i-Task Manager. Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi kumaseshini ekhonsoli ekude, lapho ungenaso isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo.

Okokugcina, i-`attrib` ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe izimfanelo zefayela nefolda, njenge-hidden (h), read-only (r), noma uhlelo (s). Isibonelo, i-`attrib +h +r -s file.txt` iyimaka njengefihliwe ne-read-only kodwa isusa isimo sayo sesistimu—indlela esheshayo yokuvikela noma yokufihla amafayela athile.

Ukuqonda yonke le miyalo, kokubili esebhokisini lengxoxo ethi Run kanye naleyo ese-Command Prompt, kushintsha indlela osebenza ngayo ne-Windows. Esikhundleni sokuchitha isikhathi uzulazula kumamenyu nakumamenyu amancane , ugxumela ngqo kuthuluzi olidingayo, ungaxilonga izinkinga ngemizuzu, futhi ufunda nokuthi uhlelo lusebenza kanjani ngaphakathi—into ehlala iwusizo uma ufuna ukuyisa amakhono akho okusebenzisa ezingeni elilandelayo.