- Ukufakwa nokwenza ngcono i-Docker kanye ne-Docker Compose kumabhodi e-SBC.
- Ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi okuthuthukisiwe kusetshenziswa izindawo ezishisayo kanye nokuphathwa kwe-DNS/DHCP.
- Ukusebenzisa ukuhlelwa kweziqukathi kusetshenziswa i-Docker Swarm.
- Ukuphathwa kweqoqo elihlanganisiwe ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi se-Portainer.
Wake wacabanga ukuba nesikhungo sakho sedatha esincane ngaphandle kokuchitha imali eningi kwihadiwe yobungcweti? Ukusetha i-cluster nge-Raspberry Pi kanye ne-Docker kuyindlela ejabulisa kakhulu futhi eshibhile yokungena ezweni lokuhlelwa kweziqukathi kanye nokubalwa kwekhompyutha okusatshalaliswayo, okulungele ukuzama ekhaya ngamaphrojekthi avame ukudinga amaseva abizayo kakhulu.
Ubuhle balokhu kusethwa ukuthi ungasebenzisa amabhodi amancane njenge-Raspberry Pi noma amanye amakhompyutha ebhodi elilodwa (ama-SBC) njenge-Orange Pi noma i-Banana Pi ukudala indawo lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza zabelana khona ngomthwalo womsebenzi. Kuyiphrojekthi ephelele yokufunda ngokutholakala okuphezulu kanye nokukhula ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwephula noma yini ebalulekile, njengoba konke kwenzeka kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo.
Ukulungisa inhlabathi kanye nehadiwe
Ukuze uqale kahle, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zesistimu yokusebenza ezilula, njenge -Raspbian Lite noma i-Armbian (uma kukhulunywa nge-Orange Pi), njengoba singadingi isikhombikubona sesithombe futhi sifuna ukunikezela yonke i-megabyte ye-RAM ekucutshungulweni. Icebo eliwusizo kakhulu ukukhanyisa izithombe usebenzisa i-Etcher ukuze ugweme amaphutha okubhala kumakhadi e-microSD.
Uma ungafuni ukuba nenkinga ngama-USB monitors namakhibhodi ebhodi ngalinye le-motherboard, ungasebenzisa i-adaptha. I-USB kuya ku-Serial ixhunywe kumaphini e-RX kanye ne-TX. Ilungiselela ifayela config.txt ekwakhiweni kwe-boot okungeziwe enable_uart=1Ungaphatha yonke into nge-serial console usebenzisa izinhlelo ezifana ne-PuTTY ku-Windows noma i-Minicom ku-Linux, okuyi- ngokunethezeka ngokwengeziwe kunokuba ushintshe izintambo ze-HDMI.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu nenethiwekhi
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-Docker, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ulungise uhlelo lwakho. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza konke nge sudo apt update y sudo apt upgrade -yUkuze wonge izinsiza, ungakhawulela imemori enikelwe kuvidiyo kufayela lokucushwa ngokusetha gpu_mem=16ngakho-ke sivumele iningi le-RAM Isetshenziselwa izitsha.
Ngokuphathelene nenethiwekhi, uma ufuna i-Raspberry Pi yakho isebenze njenge-node eyinhloko futhi iphathe ezinye, ungathatha indawo yomphathi. dhcpcd por InethiwekhiManagerokuyinto eqinile kakhulu. Ukuze udale inethiwekhi yakho yeqembu, ungafaka dnsmasq ukuphatha i-DHCP ne-DNS, kanye hostapd ukuguqula i-Pi ibe yi- Indawo yokungena ye-WiFi (indawo eshisayo) lapho amanye ama-node exhuma khona.
Ukufaka i-Docker kanye ne-Docker Compose
Ukufaka i-Docker ku-Raspberry Pi 4 kuyinto elula ngoba inokusekelwa okusemthethweni. Indlela esheshayo ukusebenzisa iskripthi sokufaka okuzenzakalelayo usebenzisa umyalo. curl okulanda futhi kulungise yonke injini ye-Docker. Ukuze ugweme ukubhala sudo kumyalo ngamunye, kuyanconywa engeza umsebenzisi eqenjini le-Docker, yize kufanele uqaphele ngokuphepha ngoba lokhu kunikeza amalungelo aphezulu.
Uma injini isifakiwe, kubalulekile ukwengeza I-Docker Ukubhalaokusivumela ukuthi sichaze izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamakhonteyina amaningi sisebenzisa ifayela le-YAML. Lingafakwa kalula nge pip, umphathi wephakheji ye-Python. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kusebenza kahle, mane uqalise isithombe se- hello-world futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isitsha sisebenza kahle.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-orchestra ne-Docker Swarm
Uma usufake i-Docker kuwo wonke amabhodi akho, sekuyisikhathi sokuwahlanganisa abe yiqembu le-Docker Swarm . I-Swarm iyithuluzi lendabuko le-Docker lokuguqula iqembu lama-node libe umthombo owodwa obonakalayo. Udinga nje ukuqala imodi ye-Swarm ku-node eyinhloko bese ujoyina ama-node esisebenzi usebenzisa ithokheni yokuphepha enikeziwe.
Ukuze uphathe konke lokhu kuthunyelwa ngokubonakalayo futhi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ku-terminal, kunconywa kakhulu ukufaka i-Portainer ukuze uphathe izitsha zakho ze-Docker . Leli thuluzi linikeza isikhombimsebenzisi sewebhu lapho ungabuka khona isimo sezinsizakalo, ama-node asebenzayo, futhi uphathe izitsha ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje, okwenza ukuphathwa kweqembu kube lula kakhulu.
Amaqhinga athuthukisiwe nokuxhumana
Uma usendaweni enemikhawulo yenethiwekhi noma amabhlogo, ungasetha umhubhe we-OpenVPN ku-node enkulu. Lokhu kuvumela yonke ithrafikhi yamaqoqo ukuthi ifinyelele ku-inthanethi nge-VPN, idlule ama-proxies nama-firewall. Ukuphatha ithrafikhi phakathi kwamanethiwekhi e-Swarm kanye nenethiwekhi yakho yendawo, amathuluzi afana ne -Firehol asiza ukudala imithetho ye-iptables ngendlela elula ukuyisebenzisa futhi eqondile.
Enye imininingwane ebalulekile isikhathi sesistimu. Njengoba i-Raspberry Pis ingenayo iwashi lesikhathi sangempela (i-RTC), ilahlekelwa usuku lapho ivuliwe. Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele ufake imojuli ye-RTC ebonakalayo (njenge-DS3231) noma ulungiselele iseva ye-NTP kunethiwekhi yendawo ukuze wonke ama-node avumelane, okubalulekile ukuze amalogi nezitifiketi zokuphepha zisebenze kahle.
Ukusetha uhlelo lwe-ecosystem yalolu hlobo kukuvumela ukuthi uguqule amabhodi ambalwa alula abe ithuluzi lokufunda elinamandla lapho ungathumela khona konke kusukela kumaseva ewebhu kuya ezinhlelweni zekhompyutha ezisatshalaliswa, ukuhlanganisa ukuphathwa kwenethiwekhi, ukuphepha kwemigudu, kanye nokuhlelwa kweziqukathi endaweni eyodwa elawulwayo.
