- Uhlolojikelele lobuchwepheshe: i-photovoltaics, i-CSP, ne-biomass, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihambisanayo ezifana namandla omoya angaqondile kanye nokushisisa kwelanga.
- Ama-photovoltaics aguqula ukukhanya kube ugesi; I-monocrystalline, i-polycrystalline, namaphaneli amafilimu amancane anikeza izindleko ezihlukene nokusebenza kahle.
- I-CSP isebenzisa izibuko kanye nesitoreji esishisayo ukuze ikhiqize ugesi ngisho nangemva kokushona kwelanga; i-biomass iguqula imfucuza ibe yi-biogas kanye nama-biofuels.
Ezweni lapho ukufuna ezinye izindlela zamandla esimeme kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili, izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bamandla elanga zivela njengesixazululo esithembisayo. Lo mthombo wamandla ongashi nohlanzekile uza ngezindlela ezihlukene, ngayinye ijwayele izidingo ezithile futhi inikela ekusaseni eliluhlaza. Lesi sihloko sihlola ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene belanga obutholakalayo, kusukela ku-photovoltaics kuya ku-biomass, enikeza ukuqonda okujulile kokuthi ngayinye iwahlanganisa kanjani amandla elanga.
Izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe zamandla elanga
I-Photovoltaic (PV)
Umqondo kanye nokusebenza
Amasistimu we-Photovoltaic (PV) amele uguquko ekukhiqizeni amandla ahlanzekile. Ngokuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi ngqo, banikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo nesinobungani bemvelo. Amaseli e-Photovoltaic, izingxenye eziyisisekelo zamaphaneli elanga, ahlukaniswa njenge-monocrystalline, i-polycrystalline nefilimu encane. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici eziyingqayizivele mayelana nokusebenza kahle kanye nezindleko. Lawa maphaneli awagcini nje ophahleni, kodwa angabuye ahlanganiswe ekwakheni ama-facade, izimoto nezinye izakhiwo, ngaleyo ndlela andise ukusetshenziswa kwazo.
Izinzuzo kanye nezicelo
Ngaphezu komthelela wazo ophansi wemvelo, izinhlelo ze-PV zivumelana nezimo ngokuphawulekayo, zivumelana nezidingo nezabelomali ezahlukene. Ikhono labo lokunciphisa izikweletu zezinsiza kanye ne-carbon footprint lizenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokuhlala nezokuhweba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic bungaba ithuluzi elinamandla ezindaweni ezikude noma ezisathuthuka, ezinikeza ukufinyelela kugesi lapho ingqalasizinda yegridi ilinganiselwe noma ingekho.
I-Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
Incazelo ejwayelekile
I-Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) isebenzisa izibuko ukuze ibambe amandla okushisa elanga bese iwaguqula abe ugesi. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ugesi ngisho nasezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi, njengezinsuku ezinamafu noma ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwelanga nokushona kwalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ze-CSP zingahlanganisa isitoreji sokushisa, okuzivumela ukuthi zihlinzeke ugesi ngisho nangemva kokushona kwelanga.
Izinhlobo Nokusetshenziswa
Amasistimu e-CSP asukela emigqonyeni eyi-parabolic kuya emibhoshongweni kagesi, ngayinye inezindlela ezihlukile zokugxilisa ukukhanya kwelanga. Lobu buchwepheshe buthola izinhlelo zokusebenza kumaphrojekthi amakhulu nasezindaweni ezinezinga eliphezulu lelanga. Afaneleka ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zikagesi ezinkulu futhi angafaka isandla kakhulu kumagridi kagesi kazwelonke.
I-Biomass
Izimiso kanye Nokukhiqiza
I-biomass, etholakala emithonjeni efana nezamahlathi nezinsalela zezolimo, idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amandla elanga angaqondile. Ngezinqubo ezifana nokubola kwe-anaerobic, iguqulwa ibe yi-biogas, umthombo wamandla ovuselelekayo noqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-biomass ingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwama-biofuels aqinile, njengama-pellets ezinkuni, ahlinzeka ngokusebenza kahle, ezinye izindlela zokushisisa i-carbon low.
Umthelela Wezemvelo Nokusimama
I-Biomass inikeza enye indlela evuselelekayo esikhundleni sezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi, kodwa ukuvuna kwayo kufanele kulawulwe ngendlela eqhubekayo ukuze kugwenywe imithelela engemihle ku-ecosystem kanye nezilwane zasendle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, i-biomass ingadlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni imfucuza, iguqule imfucuza yezolimo neyamahlathi ibe imithombo ebalulekile yamandla.
Ezinye Izinhlobo Zamandla Elanga
Umoya
Nakuba kungebona ubuchwepheshe belanga kuphela, amandla omoya nawo awumphumela ongaqondile wemisebe yelanga . Ngokufudumeza ubuso boMhlaba ngokungalingani, ilanga lidala amaphethini omoya angasetshenziswa ngama-turbine omoya. Lokhu kubambisana phakathi kwamandla elanga nomoya kungasetshenziswa ukudala izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ezandisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
Ukusetshenziswa Okuhlukahlukene Kwamandla Elanga
Amandla elanga awagcini nje ekukhiqizeni ugesi. Ukusuka ekushisiseni amanzi kuya ekunikezeni amandla ezinqubo zezimboni, amathuba maningi. Ingase isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza amafutha afana ne-hydrogen, ukuvula imingcele emisha kubuchwepheshe bamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zokushisisa ngelanga ezingenzi lutho ziyanda, zisebenzisa idizayini yezakhiwo ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla elanga emvelo ekushiseni nasekupholiseni izakhiwo.
Izinselele kanye Nentuthuko Yekusasa
Ukuqamba Okusha Kwezinto Ezisetshenziswayo kanye Nempumelelo
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, izinto ezintsha nezindlela ziyahlolwa ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa izindleko zobuchwepheshe bamandla elanga. Intuthuko yakamuva yamaseli e-photovoltaic nezinhlelo zokugcina ithembisa ukwenza amandla elanga abe inketho ekhangayo nakakhulu. Ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo kumaseli elanga e-perovskite, isibonelo, kungashintsha imboni ngamaseli asebenza kahle futhi angabizi kakhulu.
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwenethiwekhi kanye Nesitoreji
Enye yezinselelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanganisa amandla elanga kumagridi kagesi akhona. Izinhlelo zokugcina ezithuthukisiwe kanye namasu okuphatha igridi ehlakaniphile abalulekile ekwandiseni amandla elanga. Ukusetshenziswa kwamagridi amancane kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugcina amabhethri kwenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo , kuthuthukiswe ukuqina nokusebenza kahle kwamagridi kagesi.
Isiphetho
Izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bamandla elanga zinikeza indlela eya ekusaseni lamandla esimeme nelihlanzekile. Njengoba sihlola futhi sithuthukisa lobu buchwepheshe, sisondela emhlabeni lapho amandla avuselelekayo engeyona inketho nje, kodwa kuyinto evamile. Sikukhuthaza ukuthi wabelane ngalesi sihloko futhi ubambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekuguquleleni emithonjeni yamandla aluhlaza.