Uhlelo olungcono kakhulu lwamahhala lokuphatha iWindows Firewall

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Uma wake wacabanga ukuthi, "Ngiyayithanda i-TinyWall, kodwa ivimba yonke into," awuwedwa: ​​abaningi bethu bafuna i-firewall ethule engaceli imvume njalo ngemizuzu emibili . Icebo ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kokuvimba izinto eziyingozi nokuvumela izinto zansuku zonke zisebenze, ngaphandle kokuthi zonke izibuyekezo ze-Discord, Steam, noma i-VPN ziphenduke uvivinyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinhlelo eziningi ze-antivirus zezentengiselwano zifaka imojuli yazo ye-firewall. Ukusebenzisa le firewall ehlanganisiwe ku-security suite kungaba yisinyathelo esihlakaniphile uma ufuna ukuphathwa okuphakathi, yize kukhona nezinketho zamahhala zezinkampani zangaphandle namathuluzi e-Windows akhelwe ngaphakathi, uma ehlelwe kahle, anele kakhulu.

I-firewall ye-Windows yomdabu: ukuthi inikeza ini nokuthi ishintshe kanjani ku-Windows 11

Kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile, lokhu kusho ukuthi i-Windows 11 firewall iguquguquka kakhudlwana, inolwazi oluningi ngomongo, futhi isobala kakhudlwana uma uzimisele ukubuyekeza amalogi. Futhi uma uphatha izinhlelo nge-Intune, kuyisa izinto ezingeni elilandelayo, ngoba ungaqondisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ngezinqubomgomo ezicacile ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuhambisa.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekile: cishe ayinawo umthelela ekusebenzeni . Ngokungafani nezinye izithiyo zomlilo zenkampani yangaphandle, i-firewall ye-Windows isebenza kahle, isebenzisa izinsiza ezimbalwa, futhi ihlangana ne-Defender Antivirus kanye ne-SmartScreen, ezihlinzeka ngesithiyo esihle sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Ingabe usasebenzisa Windows 10? Kusho ukuthini lokho ngohlelo lwakho lokuvikela?

Ngokwemibandela engokoqobo: uma ungakwazi, thuthukela ku-Windows 11 noma ucabangele uhlelo olunesekelo olusebenzayo . Akukho firewall yangaphandle engakhokhela ngokugcwele uhlelo olungasalungiswa njalo, futhi lokho kufaka phakathi izingozi ezihlobene nesiphequluli, izinsizakalo zesistimu, kanye namaphrothokholi.

Ingabe udinga ukufaka enye i-firewall ngaphezu kwaleyo eza neWindows?

Kubasebenzisi abaningi, i-Windows firewall yanele uma ihlanganiswa nemikhuba emihle yesistimu kanye nesofthiwe ye-antivirus ethembekile. Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukulawula okuhlanganisiwe kwamachweba, amaphrofayili, imithetho ethile yohlelo lokusebenza, noma ukuqapha okubonakalayo , kunezinye izindlela zamahhala ezinikeza amakhono okuphatha athuthukisiwe.

Kumanethiwekhi omphakathi, emahhovisi, noma uma uphatha amakhompyutha amaningi, i-firewall yomuntu wesithathu enokurekhoda okuningiliziwe, izexwayiso, namaphrofayela athuthukile yenza umehluko omkhulu. Qaphela: njalo landa kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni, ngoba kunezifaki ze-firewall ezingamanga eziqukethe i-malware ezizenza izinsiza zokuphepha.

Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa ama-firewall amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa ku-Windows?

Impendulo emfushane ithi cha. Ama-firewall amabili ku-PC efanayo avame ukungqubuzana futhi abangele izingxabano , izinkinga zokubambezeleka ezingavamile, noma ubuthakathaka obungahlosiwe. Kunconywa ukuthi ube ne-firewall eyodwa kuphela kukhompyutha yonke, futhi khumbula ukuthi i-router yakho cishe isivele isebenza njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela ekhaya noma ehhovisi.

Ama-firewall amahhala enkampani yangaphandle afanelekile

Uma umgomo wakho ukuphatha ngokunembile ithrafikhi ephumayo, ukwengeza izendlalelo zokuvimbela, noma ukubona ukuthi yini exhumanisayo, lezi zinketho zivelele. Zonke zinenguqulo yamahhala futhi, ngaphandle uma kuphawuliwe ngenye indlela, zisebenza kahle ezinhlelweni zamanje ze-Windows.

I-Firewall yamahhala ye-Comodo

Elinye lamagama anamandla kakhulu. Indlela yayo yokuqapha ihlanganisa i-HIPS (Intrusion Prevention System), i-sandbox, i-Memory Firewall, kanye namaseva e-DNS enziwe ngokwezifiso , ngaphezu kokufihla ama-port nokuvimba isofthiwe esolisayo ngokushesha.

Nge-Defense+, i-Comodo iqapha ukuziphatha kohlelo lokusebenza futhi isebenzisa abagunyaziwe ukugunyaza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithembekile kuphela. Ifaka phakathi i-ad blocker, isiphequluli esiphephile, kanye nezaziso ezisheshayo uma kukhona okuzama ukungena ngokunyenya. I-interface ilula, yize ezinye izingxenye zidinga isineke sokulungisa kahle.

I-ZoneAlarm Free Firewall

Ithuluzi elijwayelekile elihlala liyithuluzi elithembekile. Lilawula ithrafikhi engenayo nephumayo ngokuvikela okuqondiswayo , lifihla amachweba, futhi lithola amanethiwekhi omphakathi noma angasese ukuze lilungise ukuphepha. Lihlanganisa imojuli yalo ye-Web Secure, futhi inguqulo ekhokhelwayo yengeza i-Anti-Phishing, ukuhlaziywa kokulanda, kanye nokuvikelwa kokuqala kwasekuqaleni.

Inguqulo yamahhala ibonisa izikhangiso, kodwa ukuthuthukela kunguqulo ekhokhelwayo kuyakususa futhi kukunikeze ukufinyelela kokusekelwa okungu-24/7 . Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kulabo abafuna ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokungqubuzana okuningi.

I-TinyWall

Ilula, iyimfihlo, futhi iqondile. Ayithathi indawo ye-firewall ye-Windows, kodwa iphatha ngendlela yokuvimba okuzenzakalelayo , ngaphandle kwama-pop-up. Ugunyaza izinhlelo zokusebenza ngesandla (okwesikhashana noma unomphela) futhi ungakha imithetho yezinhlobo ze -PC port ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinsiza ze-CPU.

Ifilosofi yayo ithi "vimba kuqala bese uvumela ukuthi kudlule lokho okukhethayo." Uma ufuna ukuthula, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuncane, kanye nokulawula ngesandla ngaphandle kwezixwayiso ezivela njalo ngemizuzwana emithathu, kuyajabulisa.

I-GlassWire

Ngaphezu nje kokuba yi-firewall, iyisiqaphi senethiwekhi esinamagrafu nezibalo zesikhathi sangempela . Ungavimba ukuxhumeka ngesandla, unike amandla imodi ethi "Cela ukuxhuma", bese ubona ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa umkhawulokudonsa wakho, ukuthi ziya kuphi, nokuthi nini.

Kuhlanganisa ukutholwa kwedivayisi kunethiwekhi yakho , umlando wethrafikhi onemininingwane, kanye nezaziso lapho okuthile kushintsha ukuziphatha. Uma uthanda "ukubona" ​​inethiwekhi yakho futhi wenze izinqumo ngokuchofoza okukodwa, kulula kakhulu.

I-AVS Firewall

Ayaziwa kangako, kodwa isasebenza kahle: ivumela imithetho yohlelo lokusebenza ngalunye, ukuvimba imbobo kanye ne-IP, ukuloga okuningiliziwe, kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-keylogger . Iphinde ifake okunye okufana nokulwa nama-banner kanye nezilawuli zabazali, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwezinsiza ezifanele izinhlelo eziphansi.

I-interface yayo ilula, futhi yize ingavuselelwa kaningi njengezixazululo zezentengiselwano, isasebenza njengesithiyo esiyisisekelo sokwenza ngokwezifiso okuhle.

I-PeerBlock

Akuyona i-firewall yendabuko; amandla ayo alele ekuvimbeleni amakheli e-IP ngokusekelwe ohlwini oluhlobene nama-ejensi, ama-tracker, ukukhangisa, noma amanethiwekhi asolisayo. Ithandwa kakhulu ezindaweni ze-P2P ukuze kuncishiswe ukuchayeka ekuqapheni.

Kuyi-minimalist, isebenzisa izinsiza ezincane kakhulu, futhi ungangenisa uhlu lomphakathi noma udale olwakho . Ukuze uthole ubumfihlo obukhulu, kungcono ukukuhlanganisa ne-firewall ephelele kanye, uma kudingeka, ne-VPN.

I-Windows Defender Firewall (ukuphathwa okuthuthukisiwe)

I-firewall ye-Windows uqobo isikhule kakhulu: inikeza ukuvikelwa okuqondiswayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza okuphansi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuhle kakhulu ne-ecosystem yokuphepha ye-Microsoft. Nge-console yokuphepha ethuthukisiwe, ungachaza imithetho ngohlelo lokusebenza, iphrothokholi, i-port, kanye nephrofayili yenethiwekhi.

Uma ungafuni ukufaka noma yini eyengeziwe, ukufunda ukusebenzisa imithetho ethuthukisiwe ye-Windows firewall kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuba nokulawula ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza.

I-OpenDNS (i-DNS ehambisanayo isendlalelo)

Akuyona i-firewall evamile, kodwa ingeza ungqimba olubalulekile lokuphepha: ihlunga ezingeni lesizinda ukuvimba i-phishing, i-malware, kanye nezigaba zokuqukethwe ngaphambi kokuthi uxhumano luxazululwe.

Ilungiselelwe ku-router noma kukhompyutha, ivikela wonke amadivayisi kunethiwekhi, futhi inikeza uhlu olumhlophe/olumnyama kanye nezilawuli zabazali . Khumbula imikhawulo yayo: ayihlungi ngamachweba noma izinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi uma othile esebenzisa ikheli le-IP eliqondile, ngeke likwazi ukuvimba lolo xhumano.

I-Norton Smart Firewall (kumagumbi akhokhelwayo anesivivinyo)

I-Norton ihlanganisa i-firewall ethuthukisiwe kuma-suite ayo (isb., i-Norton 360). Inikeza ukuvikelwa okuqondiswayo, i-IPS, ukulawula uhlelo lokusebenza, kanye nokuvikelwa kokuxhaphaza . Ayikho i-firewall yamahhala ezimele, kodwa ungayizama ngezikhangiso zezixazululo zayo.

I-Sophos XG Firewall Home Edition

Kugxile kunethiwekhi, hhayi kudivayisi ngayinye. Kuyi -firewall yezinga lebhizinisi yokusetshenziswa ekhaya ene-IPS, i-antimalware, ukuhlunga iwebhu, ukulawula izinhlelo zokusebenza, i-VPN, i-QoS, kanye nokubika. Kudinga i-PC ezinikele (ene-NIC ezimbili) futhi ifakelwe njengohlelo lokusebenza.

Kuhle uma ufuna ukuvikela yonke inethiwekhi yakho ngezinqubomgomo ezihlanganisiwe kanye nokulawula isikhathi/isabelo. Isebenzisa izinsizakusebenza zemishini ezinikezelwe, kodwa ngokubuyisela, ivikela inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya njengokungathi iyihhovisi.

Ezinye izindlela zamahhala ezingacatshangelwa

Kunezixazululo zakudala ezisenabasebenzisi bazo. I-Outpost Firewall kanye ne-Private Firewall, isibonelo, bekuyizinketho ezidumile iminyaka eminingi ; uma uzithola zigcinwa futhi zihambisana nohlelo lwakho, zingasebenza kahle ekuvikeleni okuyisisekelo.

I-Netdefender nayo iyatholakala, futhi njengoba ingumthombo ovulekile, inikeza izinto ezibalulekile: ukuskena imbobo, ukuvimba ithrafikhi, ukuvikelwa kobuqili , kanye nemithetho elula. Kodwa-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuhlola ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo oyifakayo , njengoba ezinye izakhiwo eziphakathi azikhanyi kahle.

Futhi uma ufuna into elula kakhulu, abantu abaningi babiza i-SimpleWall njengenketho encane yokuphatha ukuhlunga kwe-Windows ngesibonisi esilula . Njengokujwayelekile, yilande kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni.

Futhi kuthiwani nge-firewall ku-Mac?

I-macOS ifaka i-firewall yayo, kanti i-ecosystem ye-Apple yaziwa ngokuvaleka kakhulu. Ayinakuphikiswa, kodwa ayihlaselwa kakhulu kune-Windows ngenxa yesabelo sayo esikhulu semakethe. Uhlelo lukwazisa lapho ufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisolisayo futhi ngokuvamile ludinga iphasiwedi yakho ukuze kushintshwe ukhiye.

Njengoba i-firewall ye-macOS isebenza kahle futhi inengqondo, usukulungele; uma ufuna olunye ungqimba , kunezinhlelo ze-antivirus zamapulatifomu amaningi (njenge-Avast) ezingayigcwalisa, yize kungaphoqelekile kuzo zonke izimo zokusetshenziswa.

Iziqhumane zomlilo ezisezingeni lenethiwekhi: uma ufuna ukuya phambili

Uma ufuna ukuvikelwa komngcele wekhaya lakho lonke noma ihhovisi, kunezinhlelo eziphelele zomthombo ovulekile eziguqula i-PC noma i-mini-PC ibe yi- router yomlilo yobuchwepheshe ene-interface yewebhu . Zine-curve yokufunda ejulile, kodwa ukulawula ezikunikezayo kuyamangalisa.

pfSense

Ngokusekelwe ku-FreeBSD, kuyindinganiso efanelekile: umzila othuthukisiwe kanye ne-firewall, i-NAT, ukulinganisela umthwalo, i-VPN (i-IPsec ne-OpenVPN), i-DNS, i-DHCP, i-IDS/IPS ene-Snort noma i-Suricata , i-DDNS, i-captive portal, nokuningi. Ungayifaka kuhadiwe ezinikele noma ku-VM.

Kukhona i-Community Edition yamahhala kanye nenguqulo ye-Plus enezici ezengeziwe ezidinga ilayisensi. Umphakathi mkhulu, unezifundo , amaforamu, namaqembu asebenzayo kakhulu (i-pfSense Spain isebenza kakhulu eSpain).

I-OPNsense

Ifoloko le-pfSense elilungiselelwe kahle kakhulu elenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza okuphansi. Linikeza izibuyekezo ezivamile, i-WireGuard, i-IPsec/OpenVPN, ukulinganisela umthwalo, i-IDS/IPS, i-DNS, i-DHCP , kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula. Lingafakwa ezinhlelweni ezisekelwe ku-x64 noma emishinini ebonakalayo kusetshenziswa amafayela e-ISO/IMG.

Isiphakamiso sabo ukuncintisana ne-pfSense ngesivinini sokuthuthukiswa masonto onke , ukugcina isethi yezici ezifanayo kakhulu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwesimanje.

I-IPFire

Ngomklamo we-modular, ihlanganisa uhlelo lwe-firewall, i-proxy, i-VPN, kanye ne-IDS ukuhlaziya ithrafikhi nokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa. Inomphakathi omkhulu, isekela i-DNS enamandla kanye ne-DHCP , futhi ifaneleka njengesango elivikelekile lamabhizinisi amancane noma izindawo zasekhaya ezithuthukile.

I-Endian

Ngokusekelwe ku-Linux, ivelele ngendlela yayo yonke into eyodwa: i-firewall, i-antivirus, i-VPN, kanye nokuhlunga okuqukethwe , ngokuqapha isimo kanye nokufinyelela okukude okuphephile. Iphelele uma ufuna ukufaka imisebenzi yokuphepha ndawonye kudivayisi eyodwa.

I-SmoothWall

Nge-interface elula yewebhu, isebenza kumanethiwekhi e-LAN kanye ne-DMZ , isheshisa ama-proxies ewebhu, futhi ikhiqiza izibalo ezicacile. Isebenza kahle kuma-hardware amadala, ngakho isebenzisa imishini ephinde yasetshenziswa njenge-firewall.

Khipha i-Firewall

Ngokusekelwe ku-Debian, inikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyisisekelo zamahhala nezikhokhelwayo. Ihlanganisa ukuvimba ogaxekile, ukulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye ne-antivirus, i-OpenVPN, i-IPS, ukuvimba izikhangiso , i-portal ebanjwayo, kanye ne-trafic monitor yomhlaba wonke enokuphathwa kwewebhu okulula ukuyisebenzisa.

I-Shorewall

I-Netfilter, ithuluzi le-Linux elidala, likuvumela ukuthi uchaze izindawo, amanethiwekhi angaphakathi, kanye namanethiwekhi ezivakashi ngemithetho ecacile yokuhlukanisa. Nakuba isibuyekezo sayo sokugcina esizinzile sasingo-2020, abaningi basasisebenzisa ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo kanye namakhono okulungisa kahle.

Uma ufuna ukuhlola kabanzi, kunezinamba ezifana ne -IPCop, i-VyOS, noma i-Ufw (i-frontend yakudala yama-iptables/nftables) ezingafanela izidingo zakho.

Indlela yokukhetha i-firewall efanele

Ngaphambi kokufaka noma yini, cabanga ngohlobo: umsingathi, inethiwekhi, noma uhlelo lokusebenza? Chaza izidingo zakho : ukuvimba ithrafikhi ephumayo, ukuqapha, ukuhlukanisa, ukuhlunga okuqukethwe, i-VPN? Uzokwenza ukukhetha okungcono uma wazi ukuthi ufuna ukufezani.

Cabanga ngokulula kokusetha nokulungisa . I-firewall eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, engahlelwanga kahle ingaba engaphephile kakhulu kunelula, elungisiwe kahle. Ukusekela nakho kubalulekile: ukwesekwa okusemthethweni amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto noma umphakathi oqinile , kuye ngesimo.

Cabanga ngezindleko kanye nokuhambisana: kunezinketho ezinhle kakhulu zamahhala, kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi ihambisana nesistimu yakho yokusebenza (i-antivirus, i-EDR, ukuphathwa okukude, izinqubomgomo zenkampani) futhi ayiphazamisi ukusebenza kwakho.

Izinzuzo zomthombo ovulekile ekuvikelekeni

Isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile ayifani ngaso sonke isikhathi neyamahhala, kodwa ifana nokucaca kanye nokuhloleka : ungabuyekeza ikhodi, ulungise imisebenzi, futhi uzuze emphakathini othuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokulungiswa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile ivame ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kakhulu futhi iguquguquke , ilungele abasebenzisi basekhaya abathuthukile noma ama-SME anezidingo ezithile; hlola ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux okungcono kakhulu ukuvikela ukuphepha kwakho uma ufuna ukwakha izixazululo eziqinile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile ivame ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kakhulu futhi iguquguquke , ilungele abanikazi bezindlu abanolwazi ngobuchwepheshe noma amabhizinisi amancane anezidingo ezithile. Inkinga ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi idinga isikhathi esiningi sokufunda kunesudi yezentengiselwano enabasizi abakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Imibuzo esheshayo evame ukubuzwa

Amathiphu okugcina okusetshenziswa okungokoqobo

• Ungaxubi ama-firewall emshinini ofanayo; sebenzisa eyodwa kuphela, ehlelwe kahle . • Sebenzisa amaphrofayili ngokohlobo lwenethiwekhi (yomphakathi/yangasese). • Dala imithetho ephumayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza okungafanele zixhumane ngaphandle. • Landa njalo kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni . • Uma uphatha imishini eminingi, hlanganisa izinqubomgomo kanye nokubhalisa.

Ukukhetha inketho eyodwa "engcono kakhulu" kuyadukisa ngoba kuncike ezidingweni zakho: ngesisombululo esilula, i-TinyWall noma i-SimpleWall ; ukulawula okunezinhlayiya nokuvimbela, i-Comodo; yokuqapha nokwenza izinqumo, i-GlassWire; ukuze kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kanye nabasebenzisi abanolwazi, i-ZoneAlarm; ukuze kuvikelwe ikhaya lakho lonke, i-Sophos XG noma i-pfSense/OPNsense . I-Windows Firewall, uma ihlelwe kahle, iyindawo enhle yokuqala, futhi ngesendlalelo esengeziwe uma kudingeka, uzoba nokuphepha ngaphandle kokweqisa.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Umhlahlandlela ophelele wama-firewall angcono kakhulu: umthombo ovulekile, ukuhweba, kanye ne-virtual