- I-WiFi yazalwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwamalungelo obunikazi kaHedy Lamarr okushintshashintsha imvamisa kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe eyenziwe yi-CSIRO e-Australia.
- Ingqalasizinda ye-inthanethi yashintsha kusukela kunethiwekhi yezempi ye-ARPANET kuya ekwamukelweni komhlaba wonke kwephrothokholi ye-TCP/IP.
- Ukufinyelela kuphaneli yokulawula ye-router kuvame ukwenziwa ngamakheli e-IP ayimfihlo njenge-192.168.1.1.
- Ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yasekhaya kuncike ekubuyekezweni kwephasiwedi, ukukhetha iziteshi ezingaxinene kakhulu, kanye nokuhlunga kwe-MAC.
Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi sekwenzekile kuwe: ufika endlini yomngane wakho noma ungene ekhefini bese into yokuqala oyishoyo umbuzo ojwayelekile, "Unayo i-Wi-Fi? Ngingayithola iphasiwedi? " Sekuyisiko lesimanje lokugwema ukunqanyulwa ngisho nomzuzwana. Kodwa, yize silisebenzisa ngaso sonke isikhathi, bambalwa abantu abaziyo ngempela ukuthi leli gama livelaphi noma ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obusivumela ukuthi siphequlule ngaphandle kwentambo endlini yonke busebenza kanjani ngempela.
Kulesi sihloko, sizokuhambisa ohambweni olusuka ezisekelweni zenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke siye emaqhingeni awusizo kakhulu okwenza uxhumano lwakho luqine. Ngeke sixoxe nje ngomlando; sizokuqondisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuze ukwazi ukulawula ngokugcwele idivayisi yakho yenethiwekhi, sithuthukise ukuphepha kanye nesivinini ukuze ungaphinde uhlupheke ngalezo ziphazamiso ezicasulayo noma izimpawu eziwile futhi.
Indaba ngemuva kwe-WiFi: Okungaphezu nje kwegama elilodwa
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-WiFi isifinyezo segama elithi "Wireless Fidelity," kodwa iqiniso liyi-prosaic kakhulu. Ngokusho kukaPhil Belanger, omunye wabasunguli be- Wi-Fi Alliance , leli gama alisho lutho nhlobo; kwakuwukuceba nje ukwenza leli gama lizwakale lihle futhi kulula ukulikhumbula.
Uma sibheka ngokujulile, sithola ukuthi i-WiFi ayizange ivele endaweni engaziwa. Ngawo-40, umlingisi waseHollywood uHedy Lamarr , owayengumsunguli ohlakaniphile, wagunyaza uhlelo lokushintshashintsha imvamisa. Le ndlela yavumela ukushintsha ngokushesha isignali yomsakazo ukuvimbela ukuthi ama-torpedo angami ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, okubeka isisekelo semfundiso yobuchwepheshe be-spread spectrum obusetshenziswa namuhla yi-Bluetooth ne-WiFi.
Emuva ngawo-90, ithimba le-CSIRO e-Australia, eliholwa nguDkt . John O'Sullivan , laxazulula inkinga yokuzwakala kwemisindo kanye nokuphambuka kwesignali ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe babo kwezesayensi yezinkanyezi zomsakazo, bakha i-chip eyenza ukuthi indinganiso ye-IEEE 802.11a ikhishwe ngo-1999, ekugcineni iletha i-Wi-Fi esebenzayo nesebenzayo emakhaya ethu.
Ukuzalwa kwe-inthanethi: Kusukela ku-ARPANET kuya ezweni ledijithali
Ukuze uqonde i-router, udinga kuqala ukuqonda inethiwekhi. Konke kwaqala ngesikhathi seMpi Yomshoshaphansi, lapho i-United States idala i-ARPA ngo-1958 ngenxa yokwethulwa kwe-Sputnik yiSoviet. Umgomo kwakuwukudala inethiwekhi yokuxhumana engasinda ekuhlaselweni kwenuzi, ngokusekelwe ekushintsheni amaphakethe , umqondo kaLeonard Kleinrock lapho ulwazi luhlukaniswa khona lube yizicucu ezincane ukuze luhambe kalula.
Ushintsho olukhulu lwenzeka ngoJanuwari 1, 1983, ngokwamukelwa kwephrothokholi ye -TCP/IP , okuvumela amanethiwekhi ahlukene ukuthi akhulume ulimi olufanayo. Lokhu kwalandelwa yizigigaba ezibalulekile njengokudalwa kwe- World Wide Web nguTim Berners-Lee e-CERN, ukufika kweziphequluli zokuqala zezithombe ezifana ne-Mosaic, kanye nokuvela kwe-Google ngo-1998, okwashintsha indlela esithola ngayo ulwazi unomphela.
Indlela yokufinyelela iphaneli yokulawula ye-router yakho
Uma ufuna ukushintsha igama lenethiwekhi yakho noma iphasiwedi, udinga ukungena ngemvume ku- Isango yedivayisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vula isiphequluli sakho bese uthayipha ikheli le-IP elingu-192.168.1.1 noma u-192.168.0.1 kubha yekheli. Uma kungekho kulokhu okusebenza, ungavula i- I-Command Prompt ku-Windows bese ubhala umyalo ipconfigBheka lapho kubhalwe khona ukuthi "Default Gateway" futhi lelo kuzoba ikheli lakho.
Uma isifikile, izocela igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. Uma ungakaze uyithinte, hlola isitika ngemuva kwe-router noma ubheke imodeli ku-inthanethi. Kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ize ilungiselelwe njengo- admin/admin noma u-1234/1234 , yize lokhu kuyingozi enkulu yokuphepha okufanele siyilungise ngokushesha okukhulu uma sifuna ukufinyelela i-router futhi silungiselele i-Wi-Fi yayo ngendlela efanele.
Namuhla, ama-router amaningi esimanje akuvumela ukuthi wenze konke lokhu ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula . Vele uxhume i-smartphone yakho kunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi (ungasebenzisi idatha yeselula) bese uvula uhlelo lokusebenza lomenzi ukuze uphathe amadivayisi axhunyiwe noma uqalise kabusha i-router yakho ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Izilungiselelo ezibalulekile zokuthuthukisa uxhumano lwakho nokuphepha
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze uma ungena ngemvume ukushintsha iphasiwedi yomlawuli . Ungaphambanisi lokhu nephasiwedi yakho ye-Wi-Fi; sikhuluma ngephasiwedi yokufinyelela izilungiselelo ze-router. Uma ushiya iphasiwedi ezenzakalelayo, noma yimuphi umuntu ohlaselayo angashintsha ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi yakho ngokushesha.
Okulandelayo, sekuyisikhathi sokwenza ngezifiso inethiwekhi yakho engenantambo. Shintsha igama lenethiwekhi (i-SSID) libe yinto oyaziyo. Uma une-router ye-dual-band, uzobona ukuthi unenethiwekhi engu-2.4 GHz kanye nenethiwekhi engu-5 GHz; kuwumqondo omuhle ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-Wi-Fi engu-2.4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz ukuze wazi ukuthi iyiphi okufanele uyixhume kuye ngesivinini noma ngebanga lakho.
- Iphasiwedi ye-WPA: Khetha iphasiwedi eqinile. Bheka izilungiselelo zokuphepha bese uqinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa amaphrothokholi e-WPA2 noma e-WPA3, okwamanje aphephile kakhulu.
- Isiteshi se-WiFi: Uma ubona ukuthi i-inthanethi yakho ihamba kancane, isiteshi singase siminyane ngenxa yama-router omakhelwane bakho. nciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-WiFi ekhaya usesha isiteshi esiminyene kancane bese usibeka ngesandla.
- Ukuhlunga kwe-MAC: Ukuze uthole ukuphepha okukhulu, ungenza kusebenze i-MAC Filter. Lokhu kuvumela... amadivayisi agunyaziwe kuphela (besebenzisa isihlonzi sabo esiyingqayizivele) bangaxhuma kunethiwekhi yakho.
- Ukulawula kwabazali: Kuwusizo ekukhawuleleni izikhathi zokuphequlula noma ukuvimba amawebhusayithi athile usebenzisa isihlungi se-URL, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe izingane.
Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe: i-WiFi 6 kanye namaNethiwekhi e-Mesh
Ubuchwepheshe abupheli ukuthuthuka, futhi manje sinezinga le- WiFi 6. Lokhu kukhuphuka kobuchwepheshe kuvumela ukuxhumana okusheshayo okuphindwe ka-3,5 futhi kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ukumbozwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuphatheni amadivayisi amaningi axhunyiwe ngasikhathi sinye, kuvimbela inethiwekhi ukuthi ingaphumeleli lapho wonke umuntu ekhaya esebenzisa ithebhulethi noma ikhonsoli yomdlalo.
Ukuze kuqedwe izindawo ezifile emakhaya amakhulu, ikhambi yi -WiFi Mesh, noma inethiwekhi ye-mesh . Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-repeater elula ngezinye izikhathi ephazamisa isignali, uhlelo lwe-Mesh lusebenzisa izindawo eziningana zokufinyelela ezixhumene ezisebenza njengenethiwekhi eyodwa ehlakaniphile . Ngale ndlela, idivayisi yakho ihlala ixhumeka ku-node enamandla kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele ushintsho.
Kusukela emlandweni we-ARPANET kanye nobuhlakani bukaHedy Lamarr kuya ekufikeni kwamanethiwekhi e-WiFi 6 kanye ne-Mesh, ukuxhumana kushintshe ukwenza izimpilo zethu zibe lula. Ukwazi ukuthi ungaliphatha kanjani ikheli le-IP le-router yakho, ulungise iziteshi, futhi ugcine amaphasiwedi ebuyekeziwe kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola okuningi kuma-fiber optics nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya iphephile futhi iyashesha.
