Umehluko phakathi kwe-2.4 GHz ne-5 GHz WiFi: iyiphi efanele wena ekhaya

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Umehluko phakathi kwe-2.4 GHz ne-5 GHz WiFi: iyiphi efanele wena ekhaya

Ekhaya, sinamadivayisi axhunyiwe kakhulu: amafoni, ama-TV, ama-game consoles, izipikha ezihlakaniphile, ama-light bulbs, amakhamera e-IP… futhi konke kuncike ku-router efanayo. Uma ubheka amanethiwekhi atholakalayo, kuvela amagama amabili afanayo kakhulu, bese kuphakama umbuzo: kufanele ngixhume ku-2.4 GHz WiFi noma ku-5 GHz WiFi?

Uma uqala ukubheka, kungase kubonakale sengathi inethiwekhi enegama elithi "5G" ihlale ihamba phambili, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi ibhendi ngayinye inamandla nobuthakathaka bayo. Isihluthulelo ukuqonda ukuthi imvamisa ngayinye inikeza ini , ukuthi ithinta kanjani ububanzi, isivinini, ukuphazamiseka, kanye nokuhambisana kwedivayisi, ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha ukuthi yini efanela izidingo zakho.

Kusho ukuthini ngempela i-2.4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz ku-WiFi?

Ngaphambi kokuba sigxile ezinzuzweni nasezinkingeni, kufanelekile ukucacisa eminye imiqondo ngoba amagama angadukisa. Ku-WiFi, uma sikhuluma nge-2.4 GHz noma i-5 GHz, sibhekisela ebhendini yemvamisa yomsakazo esetshenziswa yinethiwekhi engenantambo ukuxhumana, elinganiswa nge-gigahertz (GHz).

Kuvamile ukuthi igama lenethiwekhi yakho livele njengo-"MyHome_2.4G" noma "MyHome_5G," okungabangela ukudideka ngamanethiwekhi eselula e-4G noma e-5G . Awahlobene: kumaselula, u-"G" umele "isizukulwane" (esesithathu, esesine, esesihlanu, njll.). Ku-Wi-Fi, u-"G" ngezinye izikhathi usetshenziswa njengesifinyezo se-gigahertz, okuwukuvama kwenethiwekhi engenantambo esebenza ngakho.

Ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz (2.4G) ithatha cishe u-2,4 kuya ku-2,4835 GHz, kuyilapho ibhendi engu-5 GHz ihlukaniswe ngamabhulokhi amaningana phakathi kuka-5,1 no-5,8 GHz, kuye ngezwe kanye nemithethonqubo. Lo mehluko wemvamisa uchaza ukwehluka okuphawulekayo ekumbozweni , isivinini, ukuphazamiseka, kanye nenani leziteshi ezitholakalayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhendi ngayinye ihlotshaniswa nezindinganiso ezithile ze-WiFi . Ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz ivame ukusebenzisa i-802.11b, 802.11g, kanye ne-802.11n, kuyilapho ibhendi engu-5 GHz isebenzisa i-802.11a, 802.11n, kanye ne-802.11ac. I-WiFi 6 (802.11ax) iyindinganiso yesimanje esebenza kuzo zombili ibhendi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-2.4 GHz ne-5 GHz WiFi

Uma uqhathanisa i-2.4 GHz ne-5 GHz, izici ezenza umehluko ngempela ububanzi, isivinini esiphezulu, ukuphazamiseka, kanye nokuhambisana namadivayisi akho. Ukuqonda ukuthi ibhendi ngayinye iziphatha kanjani kukusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi ozoyisebenzisa esimweni ngasinye.

Ukuziphatha kwamagagasi omsakazo kusho ukuthi, ngokuvamile, amaza aphansi ahamba phambili futhi angene kangcono ezindongeni nasezitezi, kuyilapho amaza aphezulu engadlulisela idatha eningi kodwa anciphe ngokushesha. Yingakho inethiwekhi ye-2,4 GHz inikeza ukumbozwa okungcono kuyo yonke indlu, futhi inethiwekhi ye-5 GHz yiyona evumela isivinini esiphezulu se-fiber optic.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz ibilokhu isetshenziswa iminyaka eminingi futhi ayisetshenziswa nje kuphela amanethiwekhi e-WiFi asekhaya, kodwa futhi namadivayisi amaningi asetshenziswa nsuku zonke : amafoni angenazintambo, abalawuli bekhonsoli, izinto ezisetshenziswa yi-PC , i-Bluetooth, ama-microwave, amakhamera amadala... Konke lokhu kuncintisana "nomoya" ofanayo futhi kudala ukuphazamiseka.

Isimo sihlukile ku-5 GHz. Kuneziteshi eziningi ezitholakalayo, ezihlukaniswe kangcono , eziningi ezingenazo izimbotshana, kanye namadivayisi ambalwa adlulisela kulawo maza. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa ngokuvamile kuphumela esignalini ezinzile, umsindo omncane, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlanzekile, ikakhulukazi ezakhiweni ezinamafulethi amaningi.

Kalula nje, i-2,4 GHz ifinyelela kude kodwa ihamba kancane futhi inomsindo , kuyilapho i-5 GHz ishesha futhi ivame ukuba nokuphazamiseka okuncane , okubangela ukuba nomkhawulo ongasebenzi kahle kanye nobunzima bokungena ezindongeni.

Indlela amabhendi asebenza ngayo: iziteshi, ukuphazamiseka kanye nemithethonqubo

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani ibhendi eyodwa igcwala kakhulu kunenye, udinga ukubheka ukuthi i-spectrum ihlukaniswe kanjani ngeziteshi. Kubhendi engu-2,4 GHz, i-Wi-Fi isukela ku -2.412 MHz (isiteshi 1) kuya ku-2.472 MHz (isiteshi 13) , ngesiteshi esisha njalo nge-5 MHz, kodwa isiteshi ngasinye sinobubanzi obungu-22 MHz kuphela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iziteshi eziningi ziyahlangana , zikhiqiza ukuphazamiseka okuphambene, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuhlaziywa kwama-router nezindawo zokufinyelela lapho uhlela inethiwekhi yakho.

Empeleni, kuneziteshi ezintathu kuphela ezingahlangani ngempela ebhendini le-2,4 GHz (iziteshi 1, 6, kanye ne-11 zisetshenziswa emazweni amaningi), ngakho esakhiweni esivamile samafulethi, kunezindlela eziningi zokuxhuma ezincintisana nalezo zikhala ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo. Engeza kulokho wonke amanye amadivayisi asakazwa kulelo bhendi, futhi uneresiphi ephelele yokuxhumeka okungathembekile ngesikhathi samahora aphezulu.

Kubhendi ye-5 GHz, isimo siguquguquka kakhulu. Kuye ngesifunda, singaba neziteshi ze-20 MHz ezingama-20 ezingahambelani phakathi kuka-21 no-20. Isibonelo, eSpain, kunezibhulokhi ezisukela ku- 5.180 MHz (isiteshi 36) kuya ku-5.320 MHz (isiteshi 64), kanye no-5.500 MHz (isiteshi 100) kuya ku-5.700 MHz (isiteshi 140) , phakathi kokunye. Lokhu kuvumela ama-router ukuthi asabalalise kangcono i-bandwidth kumakhasimende futhi anciphise kakhulu ukuphazamiseka.

Kodwa-ke, ibhendi ye-5 GHz yabelana ngesikhala nezinsizakalo ezifana nama-radar esimo sezulu kanye nezinhlelo zempi , ngakho-ke imithethonqubo idinga amadivayisi amaningi ukusekela ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) kanye ne-TPC (Transmitting Power Control). Nge-DFS, i-router iyadingeka ukushintsha iziteshi uma ithola i-radar ukuze igweme ukuphazamiseka.

Lo mklamo usho ukuthi, ezimweni zangempela, kulula ukuthola isiteshi esicacile ebhendini le-5 GHz kunasebhendini le-2,4 GHz. Ngakho-ke, uma kunokuminyana okuningi eduze, futhi amadivayisi akho ekuvumela, ngokuvamile kunengqondo ukubeka phambili ibhendi ephezulu ukuze uthole isignali ezinzile.

Isivinini sangempela kanye nobubanzi: lokho ongakulindela kusuka kubhendi ngayinye

Ngokuphathelene nesivinini, imininingwane yethiyori iyathembisa kakhulu, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu yilokho okubonayo kuselula yakho noma kwi-laptop nokuthi ulinganisa kanjani i-bandwidth . Kubhendi ye -2,4 GHz , ngezindinganiso ezifana ne-802.11n, ungafinyelela ku-300 Mbps ngokwethiyori , kodwa empeleni, uzobona cishe isivinini sangempela esingu-50-150 Mbps , kuye ngekhwalithi ye-router, ibanga, kanye nokuphazamiseka.

Kubhendi ye -5 GHz , izinto zithuthuka kakhulu. Nge-WiFi 5 (802.11ac), sikhuluma ngamanani aphezulu asukela ku-433 Mbps kuya ku-1,7 Gbps, futhi ezindaweni zasekhaya ezikahle, kuvamile ukubona isivinini sangempela phakathi kuka-200 Mbps no-1 Gbps ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, uma unoxhumano lwe-fiber optic olusheshayo, leli yibhendi elikuvumela ukuthi ulisebenzise ngempela.

Intengo okufanele ikhokhwe ibanga. Ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz, esebenza ngesivinini esiphansi, ingena kangcono ezindongeni, ophahleni, naseminyango , ngakho-ke isignali iqine kakhulu emakamelweni akude ne-router noma ezitezi ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, nakuba ihamba kancane, ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezindlini ezinkulu, ezindlini ezinamazinga amaningi, noma emakamelweni ahlukene kakhulu , futhi uma ukumbozwa kwehluleka, i -signal booster ingasiza.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inethiwekhi ye-5 GHz ilahlekelwa amandla kalula uma ihlangabezana nezithiyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi emakamelweni akude, noma ezindaweni ezinezindonga eziningana phakathi, isignali ingaba buthakathaka noma inyamalale ngokuphelele. Kulezi zimo, i-2,4 GHz WiFi ivame ukuhlala lapho isignali ye-5 GHz ingasafinyeleli khona.

Ngeshwa, izifundo zasensimini ziqinisekisile ukusebenza kwangempela kwamaqembu womabili. Njengoba kuhlolwe amadivayisi amaningi, kubonwe ukuthi ama-router amaningi awafinyeleli ngisho naku-100 Mbps kubhendi ye-2,4 GHz emabangeni amafushane, nokuthi ngezithiyo, isivinini singehla sifinyelele cishe ku-10 Mbps. Esimweni esifanayo, ibhendi ye-5 GHz igcina kalula isivinini esiseduze ne-80 Mbps noma ngaphezulu, okubonisa inzuzo yayo ekusebenzeni okumsulwa.

Lapho umehluko ubonakala khona kakhulu: ukusetshenziswa okuvamile ekhaya

Esinye sezihluthulelo ukushintsha ibhendi ngayinye ukuze ihambisane nohlobo lokusetshenziswa. I-WiFi engu-2,4 GHz, enobubanzi bayo obungcono bebanga elide , ilungele kahle imisebenzi engadingi isivinini kodwa edinga ukufinyelela kuwo wonke amagumbi endlu: ukuphequlula, ukuhlola i-imeyili, ukuthumela imiyalezo, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyisisekelo, noma amadivayisi athumela idatha encane kuphela.

Ibhendi engu-5 GHz ikhanya ezindaweni lapho isivinini sokudlulisa kanye nokubambezeleka okuphansi kubaluleke kakhulu . Ukusakaza uchungechunge nama-movie ngesisombululo esiphezulu, ukudlala imidlalo eku-inthanethi, ukulayisha nokulanda amafayela amakhulu, noma ukwenza amakholi wevidiyo asezingeni eliphezulu kuyizinto ezivamile zokusetshenziswa lapho i-megabyte ngayinye eyengeziwe iyaziswa.

Uma usebenza ekhaya futhi uphatha amadokhumenti amakhulu, uvame ukubamba imihlangano yevidiyo, noma usebenzisa kakhulu izinsizakalo zamafu, kuzodingeka ukhuphule isivinini sakho sokuxhumana. Kulezi zimo, ukuxhuma ku-5 GHz uma useduze kakhulu ne-router kungenza umehluko phakathi kokuhlangenwe nakho okubushelelezi kanye nokulibala okuqhubekayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ufuna nje ukumbozwa kwe-Wi-Fi egumbini lokugcina izinto, egalaji, noma egcekeni, ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz cishe iyona kuphela ezosebenza kahle. Kulezi zindawo, ngaphezu kwesivinini esiphezulu, ufuna ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi okuthembekile kanye nokumbozwa okwanele kwemisebenzi eyisisekelo noma ukugcina inzwa noma ikhamera ixhunyiwe.

Ukuhambisana kwedivayisi: obani ababona i-2.4 GHz kanye nobani ababona i-5 GHz

Esinye isici esibalulekile sale ndaba ukuhambisana. Ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz cishe iyinto yonke : noma yini ene-Wi-Fi iyayisekela, kusukela kumafoni amadala kuya kuma-laptop amadala, amaphrinta, amathelevishini amadala, kanye nohlu olude lwamadivayisi asekhaya axhunyiwe.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inethiwekhi ye-5 GHz yaqala njengenketho "ephezulu" , futhi akuwona wonke amadivayisi ayiqondayo, ikakhulukazi amadala. Ama-smartphone amaningi anamuhla, amaphilisi, ama-laptop, nama-Smart TV ayahambisana, kodwa kuvamile ukuthi amagajethi ashibhile noma amadala, njengamanye amakhamera e-IP noma ama-robot vacuum cleaner, asebenze kuphela ku-2,4 GHz.

Emkhakheni wokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekhaya, ama-smart plug amaningi, ama-Wi-Fi bulbs, ama-sensor, namadivayisi afanayo aklanyelwe ukuxhuma kuphela ebhendini le-2,4 GHz . Awadingi isivinini esiphezulu, kodwa adinga ukumbozwa okuphezulu endlini yonke, ngakho ukumbozwa kuyinto eza kuqala, hhayi isivinini . Lokhu kufaka phakathi amakhamera amaningi okuphepha e-Wi-Fi aklanyelwe ukusebenza ebhendini le-2,4 GHz.

Ngisho nasezintweni zikagesi zabathengi zamuva nje, kunezimo ezihlukile. Isibonelo, isizukulwane sakamuva sama-consoles namathelevishini ngokuvamile afaka ukwesekwa kwama-dual-band, kuyilapho amamodeli amadala kancane angasekela kuphela i-2,4 GHz. Kuvamile ukuthola ukuthi imodeli eyisisekelo noma endala ayiboni nhlobo inethiwekhi ye-5 GHz , noma ngabe i-router yakho iyisakaza.

Uma ufuna ukuhlola ukuthi idivayisi iyayisekela yini ibhendi ephezulu, indlela elula ukuzama ukuyixhuma kunethiwekhi ebhalwe ukuthi i-5G noma i-5 GHz. Uma ingaveli ngisho ohlwini, noma uma iqhubeka nokuzama ukuxhuma kodwa ingaphumeleli, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi isebenza kuphela ku-2,4 GHz futhi kuzodingeka usebenzise leyo bhendi.

Indlela yokuthola ukuthi yiliphi ibhendi ye-WiFi oxhumeke kuyo

Ukuze uthuthukise inethiwekhi yakho, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi idivayisi isebenzisa i-2,4 GHz noma i-5 GHz nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthola lokhu, kanti ezinye zilula njengokubheka igama lenethiwekhi (i-SSID) uma umhlinzeki wakho eshiye amanani azenzakalelayo.

Ama-router amaningi e-ISP adala amanethiwekhi amabili ahlukene ngokuzenzakalelayo, isibonelo, i-“MiFibra_2.4G” kanye ne-“MiFibra_5G”. Kuleso simo, uma uxhumeke kuleyo ephela ku-5G, uzosebenzisa ibhendi ye-5 GHz, futhi uma kungekho ilebula elivelayo noma ulibona njenge-2.4G, uzobe usemvamisa ephansi.

Kumafoni namathebulethi e-Android, imvamisa ye-Wi-Fi ivame ukukhonjiswa eduze kwegama lenethiwekhi noma emininingwaneni yokuxhumeka. Uma ithi 5 GHz noma isho ukuthi inethiwekhi iyi-dual-band, usebenzisa leyo mvamisa; uma kungekho lutho olucacisiwe futhi ubona igama kuphela, ngokuvamile kuba yi-2,4 GHz.

Ku-Windows, ungaya esigabeni sokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi, ukhethe inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi esebenzayo, bese ufinyelela izakhiwo zayo. Lapho uzothola ulwazi olufana nesiteshi senethiwekhi kanye nebhendi yemvamisa esetshenziswayo. Ku-macOS, ukubamba inkinobho ethi Option (Alt) bese uchofoza isithonjana se-Wi-Fi kubha yemenyu kuzovula imenyu enemininingwane yokuxhumeka, kufaka phakathi ibhendi esetshenziswayo.

Enye indlela ukufinyelela isikhombikubona se-router yakho ngqo ngesiphequluli sakho sewebhu, usebenzisa ikheli lesango elijwayelekile (192.168.1.1 noma 192.168.0.1 ezimweni eziningi) bese ungena ngemvume ngegama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. Ukusuka lapho, ungabona ukuthi yimaphi amanethiwekhi i-router ewasakaza, kuliphi ibhendi, nokuthi yimaphi amadivayisi axhunywe kulelo nalelo.

Isikhathi sokusebenzisa i-2.4 GHz nokuthi isikhathi sokusebenzisa i-5 GHz kuye ngedivayisi

Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, esikhundleni sokukhubaza ibhendi ethile, indlela ehlakaniphile kakhulu ukusabalalisa amadivayisi akho ngokwezidingo zawo ukuze wandise izinzuzo zemvamisa ngayinye. Lokhu kugwema izithiyo kanye nokuminyana okungadingekile.

Kukhompyutha yedeskithophu, i-laptop, noma ikhonsoli yemidlalo yevidiyo , ukusebenzisa ikhebula le-Ethernet kungcono. Kodwa uma ukusebenzisa ikhebula kungenzeki, inketho engcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-5 GHz yokudlala imidlalo eku-inthanethi, ukusakaza, noma ukusebenza ngamafayela amakhulu , uma nje isignali ekulelo gumbi ilungile. Uma isignali ibuthakathaka kakhulu, ungacabanga ukushintshela ku-2,4 GHz noma ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuphindaphinda noma i-Wi-Fi Mesh.

Ku- Smart TV noma ithelevishini enezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza , kungcono ukuyixhuma kunethiwekhi ye-5 GHz ukuze ibe nomkhawulokudonsa owanele futhi ugweme ukubhafa lapho ubuka okuqukethwe kwe-4K noma i-HDR. Kodwa-ke, i-router kufanele ibe seduze, noma indlu kufanele ibe nengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi enhle. Uma i-TV ikude, kungase kube ngcono ukuyixhuma kunethiwekhi ye-2,4 GHz noma ukusebenzisa ikhebula le-Ethernet uma kungenzeka.

Ngamafoni namathebulethi , avame ukuthuthwa endlini, isinqumo sincike kakhulu emikhubeni yakho. Uma uvame ukuba seduze ne-router futhi uvame ukubuka amavidiyo, ukudlala imidlalo, noma ukulanda izinto, i-5 GHz iyindlela enhle. Uma uhlala uhambahamba, noma uma uhlala endlini enkulu, i-2,4 GHz cishe izokunikeza ulwazi oluhambisanayo ngenxa yobubanzi bayo obukhulu kanye nokuyeka okuncane.

Kumadivayisi ahlakaniphile asekhaya (ama-bulb e-WiFi, ama-plug, amakhamera, ama-thermostat, abasizi bezwi, njll.), umenzi uvame ukukutshela ukuthi usebenzise i-2,4 GHz ngoba yiyona kuphela ibhendi ehambisanayo. Lawa madivayisi asebenzisa idatha encane kakhulu kodwa abekwe ezindaweni ezihlukene, ngakho-ke ukumbozwa, hhayi isivinini, yikona okunqumayo.

Ama-router e-dual-band, i-band steering kanye ne-WiFi “ehlakaniphile”

Ama-router esimanje afakwe abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi ngokuvamile angama-dual-band , okusho ukuthi angasakazwa ngasikhathi sinye kuma-band angu-2,4 GHz kanye no-5 GHz. Lawa manethiwekhi angavezwa kuwe ngezindlela ezimbili: ngamagama ahlukene noma ahlanganiswe ngaphansi kwe-SSID eyodwa ngenxa yezici ezifana ne-Smart Connect noma i-band steering.

Uma i-router yakho idala amanethiwekhi amabili anamagama ahlukene, unquma ngesandla ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi ngayinye okufanele ixhumeke kuyo. Lokhu kukunikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe, kodwa futhi kudinga ukuthi ukhethe ngamabomu ukuthi iyiphi ibhendi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa futhi uchazele wonke umuntu ekhaya ukuthi iyiphi inethiwekhi okufanele ayikhethele idivayisi ngayinye.

Nge -band steering noma i-Smart Connect , i-router isakaza inethiwekhi eyodwa, kodwa ngaphansi kwe-hood, ilawula womabili ama-band. Ishintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo idivayisi ngayinye ibe yi-2,4 GHz noma i-5 GHz ngokusekelwe ekuvumelaneni, amandla esignali, inani lamakhasimende axhunywe ku-frequency ngayinye, kanye neminye imingcele yokuthuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo wenethiwekhi.

Lesi sixazululo sivame ukuba lula kakhulu ngoba akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokukhetha inethiwekhi : uxhuma egameni elilodwa bese i-router ishintsha ama-band njengoba kudingeka. Inkinga ukuthi, uma unamadivayisi amadala noma abucayi kakhulu, izinkinga zokuxhumeka zingavela ngezinye izikhathi ngoba azisebenzi kahle nalesi simiso esizenzakalelayo.

Kulezi zimo, uma isikhombikubona se-router yakho sikuvumela, ungakhubaza i-Smart Connect bese uhlukanisa ama-band abe amanethiwekhi amabili abonakalayo futhi. Lokhu kungaphoqa, isibonelo, idivayisi enenkinga ukuthi ihlale ku-2,4 GHz band. Akuwona wonke ama-router akuvumela ukuthi ulungise le nketho, kodwa kumamodeli athuthukile kakhulu, ivame ukutholakala kumenyu ye-Wi-Fi ethuthukisiwe.

Amathiphu okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokuthuthukisa ukumbozwa

Ngisho noma ukhetha ibhendi efanele, ungase uqaphele i-Wi-Fi ehamba kancane noma engazinzile ngenxa yokuminyana kweziteshi, ikakhulukazi ebhendini engu-2,4 GHz. Kulezi zimo, umkhuba omuhle ukuthola isiteshi esiminyene kakhulu eduze bese usibeka ngesandla ku-router yakho.

Ukuze uthole ukuthi kwenzekani endaweni okuyo, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlaziya i-WiFi ezifana ne -WiFi Analyzer noma i-NetSpot , ezitholakala ku-Windows, macOS, namadivayisi eselula. Lawa mathuluzi abonisa ngemifanekiso wonke amanethiwekhi aseduze, isiteshi asisebenzisayo, amandla esignali, nokuthi ahlangana kangakanani.

Ngalolo lwazi, ungakwazi ukubona ukuthi yiziphi iziteshi ezixinene kakhulu nokuthi yiziphi ezinomakhelwane abambalwa. Ukusuka lapho, ufinyelela izilungiselelo ze-router yakho, uye esigabeni se-Wi-Fi, uthole isigaba esibonisa isiteshi samanje, bese usishintsha sibe yileso osithole sixinene kancane, ulondoloze izinguquko bese uqala kabusha idivayisi yakho uma kudingeka.

Ngaphandle kwesiteshi, imininingwane emincane njengokubeka i-router endaweni ephakathi nendawo engaphazanyiswa ingasiza , ukugwema ukuyifihla emakhabetheni avaliwe noma ukuyibeka eduze kwamadivayisi adala ukuphazamiseka (ama-microwave, izisekelo zocingo ezingenazintambo, njll.). Uma indlu inkulu noma inezitezi eziningana, kungaba kuhle ukutshala imali kuma-repeater asezingeni eliphezulu noma uhlelo lwe-WiFi olune-mesh ukuze kwandiswe kokubili ukumbozwa kwe-2,4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz; isibonelo, ukufunda ukusetha i-repeater ye-WiFi ekhaya kuvame ukuba yisinyathelo sokuqala esihle.

Uma, naphezu kwakho konke, inethiwekhi yakho isahluleka, ungathuthukela njalo ku- router ethuthukisiwe kakhulu, evela eceleni enokuphathwa kwebhendi okungcono, amandla engeziwe, kanye nokusekelwa kwezindinganiso zesimanje njenge-WiFi 6, ukugcina i-router ye-ONT noma ye-ISP njengebhuloho kuphela. Esinye isisombululo esivamile ukuxhuma ama-router amabili kunethiwekhi efanayo ukuze kuhlukaniswe imisebenzi noma kwandiswe ukumbozwa.

I-WiFi 4, i-WiFi 5, i-WiFi 6 kanye nendima yebhendi ngayinye

Izindinganiso ze-WiFi ziye zashintsha eminyakeni edlule, futhi ukuze kube lula ukubiza amagama, kusetshenziswa amalebula ezentengiselwano afana ne -WiFi 4, i-WiFi 5, kanye ne-WiFi 6 esikhundleni se-802.11n yakudala, i-802.11ac, noma i-802.11ax. Ngayinye yalezi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile ngama-band angu-2,4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz.

I-WiFi 4 (802.11n) yaba ngeyokuqala ukwazisa ukuxhumana okusheshayo ebhendini le-2,4 GHz, futhi ingasebenza naku-5 GHz. Kwabe sekufika i-WiFi 5 (802.11ac) , egxile ebhendini le-5 GHz, enentuthuko enkulu esivinini nasekuzinzeni, kodwa ishiya i-2,4 GHz njengenketho "yesibili".

Ngokufika kwe -WiFi 6 (802.11ax) , izinto sezilinganisele kakhulu ngoba le ndinganiso isebenza kuma-band angu-2,4 GHz kanye no-5 GHz, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kuwo womabili. Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana nokuguqulwa kwe-1024-QAM kanye nezindlela zokuphatha ithrafikhi ezithuthukisiwe (i-OFDMA, i-MU-MIMO ethuthukisiwe, njll.) ukwandisa umthamo, ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka, nokusebenzisa kangcono i-spectrum etholakalayo . Uma ufuna ukujula ezicini ze -WiFi 6 , kuneziqondiso ezichaza ngokuningiliziwe.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, i-WiFi 6 router inganikeza isivinini esihlanganisiwe esingafika kuma-gigabit amaningana ngomzuzwana, cishe ngama -600 Mbps ngokusakaza kwedatha kanye nomkhawulo we-theoretical ongaba ngu-10.000 Mbps uhlanganisiwe. Ngaphandle kwezinombolo, enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ukuthi inethiwekhi iphatha kangcono amadivayisi amaningi axhunywe ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokuthi ulwazi luphazamiseke.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, njengoba amadivayisi amaningi e-WiFi 6 esekela indinganiso ye -WPA3 , eqinisa ukuvikelwa kwenethiwekhi ekuhlaselweni. Kodwa-ke, ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele amandla ayo, udinga kokubili i-router ehambisanayo kanye namakhasimende ahambisanayo (omakhalekhukhwini, ama-laptop, njll.); ngaphandle kwalokho, izosebenza, kodwa ngemikhawulo yendinganiso endala.

Khetha ibhendi ngokuya ngendawo: amafulethi, izindlu namahhovisi

Ukuhlelwa kwendawo yakho kuthinta kakhulu ukuthi yiliphi ibhendi okufanele ulisebenzise njalo. Efulethini elincane noma eliphakathi nendawo , elinezindonga ezimbalwa namabanga amafushane, ibhendi engu-5 GHz ivame ukumboza cishe wonke amakamelo ngaphandle kwenkinga enkulu, ngakho-ke ungayibeka phambili kumadivayisi amaningi.

Ezindlini ezinkulu, ezindlini ezinkulu ezinezitezi eziningi, noma ezakhiweni ezinezindonga ezibanzi, isimo siyashintsha, futhi ukumbozwa kwe-5 GHz kuyathinteka kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, ibhendi ye-2,4 GHz iba yinto ebalulekile ekufinyeleleni amakamelo akude, emagaraji, ezindlini ezingaphansi komhlaba, noma ezingadini , ikakhulukazi uma ungazange usebenzise inethiwekhi enhle yama-repeater noma uhlelo lwe-Wi-Fi mesh.

Emahhovisi noma ezindaweni zokusebenza ezihlanganyelwe, lapho ngokuvamile kunenani elikhulu labasebenzisi abaxhunyiwe kanye nobuningi obukhulu bamanethiwekhi angomakhelwane, ibhendi ye-5 GHz ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba inikeza iziteshi eziningi ezingahlangani kanye nokuphazamiseka okuncane . Uma ihlelwe kahle, ivumela isevisi ezinzile nesheshayo kumadivayisi amaningi endaweni elinganiselwe.

Ezindaweni eziminyene kakhulu, ngisho nebhendi engu-5 GHz ingagcwala, kodwa iyonke isanikeza indawo enkulu kakhulu kune-2,4 GHz. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuhlela isiteshi okuhle, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi ngezindawo noma phansi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle.

Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ikhebula le-fiber optic elifika ekhaya lakho noma ehhovisi libeka umkhawulo ophezulu, kodwa yinhlanganisela efanele yama-band, amazinga, kanye nehadiwe enquma ukuthi usondela kangakanani kulelo jubane elingokwengqondo nsuku zonke.

Ukuqonda ukuthi amabhendi angu -2,4 GHz kanye no-5 GHz aziphatha kanjani , ukuthi yimaphi amadivayisi asebenza kahle kakhulu kumadivayisi ngalinye, ukuthi ibanga, izithiyo, kanye nokuphazamiseka kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza, nokuthi yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obufana nokuqondisa ibhendi noma i-WiFi 6 obungakunikeza, kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise inethiwekhi yakho ukuze ivumelane ngempela namaphethini akho okusebenzisa, uvimbele ukuphazamiseka, uthuthukise isivinini lapho sidingeka khona kakhulu, futhi uthole okuningi ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber optic okukhokhelayo.