- I-Wi-Fi 6 kanye nezixazululo ezinabantu abaningi zivumela amadivayisi amaningi ukuthi axhunywe ngesivinini esiphezulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, kanye nokuphepha okukhulu.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-router, izindawo zokufinyelela, amaswishi, kanye nama-PoE injectors kuyisihluthulelo sokudala amanethiwekhi e-WiFi asebenza kahle anesembozo esihle.
- Ama-router e-4G kanye nokuba khona kwe-Wi-Fi 6 ne-5G kwandisa izinketho zokuxhumana ezindaweni ezingenayo i-fiber kanye nezimo zokuhamba.
- Ukuhlela ingqalasizinda efanele kulungiselela amakhaya namabhizinisi i-IoT, i-augmented reality, kanye nezinsizakalo ezintsha zedijithali ezidingayo.
Amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi asheshayo manje aseyinhliziyo yanoma yiliphi ikhaya, ibhizinisi, noma inhlangano edinga ukuxhumana okuzinzile nokusheshayo okunesembozo esihle. Namuhla, "ukuba ne-Wi-Fi" akwanele; udinga inethiwekhi ekwazi ukuphatha amadivayisi amaningi ngasikhathi sinye, inciphise ukuphazamiseka, futhi inikeze ukuphepha nekhwalithi ngisho nasezindaweni ezinobuningi babasebenzisi abaningi.
Kuyo yonke le ndatshana, sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokwakha inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi esheshayo , izindima zama-router, izindawo zokufinyelela, amaswishi, i-PoE, i-Wi-Fi 6 , i-Wi-Fi enabantu abaningi, izixazululo zangaphandle, kanye ne-4G, nokuthi yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha imishini efanele ikhaya lakho noma ibhizinisi lakho. Umgomo ukuthi, ngesikhathi uqeda ukufunda, uzoba nokuqonda okucacile kwalokho okudingayo ukuze usethe inethiwekhi engenantambo yesimanje, esebenza kahle, futhi engavimbeli esikhathini esizayo.
Iyini ngempela inethiwekhi ye-WiFi eshesha kakhulu?
Uma sikhuluma ngamanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi asheshayo, asibhekiseli nje kuphela esivinini se-megabit esiboniswe ekuhlolweni kwesivinini. Sikhuluma ngenhlanganisela yezici: izinga elingenantambo (njenge-Wi-Fi 6), amabhendi emvamisa atholakalayo, ikhono lokuphatha abasebenzisi abaningi, ukuzinza, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, ukuphepha, kanye nokuhlela kahle izindawo zokufinyelela namadivayisi enethiwekhi.
Kunethiwekhi elula yasekhaya, i-router ye-ISP ingase yanele, kodwa lapho izindawo ezinkulu ezifana namahhovisi, amahhotela, izikhungo zokuthenga, izinkundla zemidlalo, noma imicimbi ziqala ukusebenza , isimo siyashintsha ngokuphelele. Kulezi zimo, sikhuluma ngamanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi anabantu abaningi, lapho amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamadivayisi zixhuma khona, ngalinye lifuna isabelo salo se-bandwidth ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka noma ukwehla.
Ukuqinisekisa ulwazi olungenazihibe, amanethiwekhi esimanje athembele kubuchwepheshe obufana ne -Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) , i-MU-MIMO ethuthukisiwe, i-OFDMA, iziteshi ezibanzi (kufika ku-160 MHz), kanye nemishini eyenzelwe ukusabalalisa kangcono ithrafikhi phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaningi. Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe ne-topology yenethiwekhi eqinile enezintambo ngemuva kwezigcawu (ama-router, amaswishi, kanye, uma kudingeka, ama-injector e-PoE).
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwenethiwekhi , hhayi nje kuphela ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwemishini, kodwa futhi nangokugcina ibhethri kumaselula, ama-laptop, namadivayisi e-IoT ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwendinganiso ye-Wi-Fi 6. Lokhu kuholela ekushajweni okuncane kanye nokulula okukhulu kumsebenzisi.
Izindawo zokufinyelela ze-WiFi ezisheshayo nezikude
Kumaphrojekthi amaningi, isici esiyinhloko sokufinyelela ukumbozwa okuhle yizindawo zokufinyelela ze-WiFi (ama-AP). Ngokungafani ne-router yasekhaya evamile, lawa madivayisi aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle, anikeze amandla amakhulu, asekele abasebenzisi abaningi, futhi ngokuvamile amboze izindawo ezinkulu ngesignali ezinzile nefanayo.
Isibonelo esihle izindawo zokufinyelela zangaphakathi noma zangaphandle ezinamandla aphezulu , ezikwazi ukunikeza isivinini esifinyelela ku-3000 Mbps ngenxa yezinga le-802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6). Ngokuvamile zisebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa ebhendini le-2,4 GHz, futhi ikakhulukazi, ebhendini le-5 GHz. Ukuze uqonde kangcono izici zazo, bheka umehluko phakathi kwe-2,4 GHz ne-5 GHz , njengoba ibhendi le-5 GHz livumela isivinini esiphezulu kanye nokuphazamiseka okuncane okuvela kwamanye amadivayisi noma amanethiwekhi angomakhelwane.
Lolu hlobo lwedivayisi luhlanganisa ama-antenna angaphakathi e-MIMO (isibonelo, ama-2x2 e-2,4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz ane-3 dBi yenzuzo) nama-transmitter nama-receiver amaningi, okuvumela ukuphuma okujwayelekile okufika ku-574 Mbps ku-2,4 GHz kanye ne-2402 Mbps ku-5 GHz. Uma udinga ukuthuthukisa inzuzo kanye nobubanzi, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubheke iziqondiso kuma -antenna e-WiFi ukuze wandise ububanzi . Kodwa-ke, ububanzi bangempela buhlala buxhomeke ezimweni zendawo: izithiyo, izinto zokwakha, ukuba khona kwamanye amanethiwekhi, njll.
Ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi okunezintambo kwenziwa ngamachweba e-Ethernet anomthamo ophezulu, njengechweba le-RJ45 elingu-10/100/1000/2500 Mbps lesixhumanisi esiyinhloko kanye nechweba le-Gigabit elengeziwe lokwandisa noma ukuxhumeka kwendawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkinga ayikho kukhebula kodwa itholakala kusixhumanisi esingenantambo uqobo noma uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluvunyelwene ngalo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile yikhono lokudala ama-SSID amaningi (isibonelo, amanethiwekhi e-WiFi afinyelela kwangu-8 ahlukene), okukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise amanethiwekhi ezivakashi, amanethiwekhi ezinkampani, i-IoT, njll., ngalinye linenqubomgomo yalo yokuphepha (i-WPA, i-WPA2 AES, i-WPA-PSK) ngendlela ehlelekile.
Indlela indawo yokufinyelela ebangeni elide esebenza ngayo
Ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwendawo yokufinyelela ebangeni elide kulula: ixhuma emthonjeni wamandla (nge-adaptha yamandla noma i-PoE+) futhi ixhunywe ku-router isebenzisa ikhebula lenethiwekhi. Ukusuka lapho, i-AP "iphinda" uxhumano ngamandla athuthukisiwe kanye nokumbozwa ukuze kufinyelelwe ezindaweni lapho i-router yodwa ingakwazi khona. Uma udinga ukwesekwa okusebenzayo kulokhu, bheka ukuthi ungayisetha kanjani i-WiFi repeater.
Kumadivayisi amaningi esimanje, idivayisi efanayo ingasebenza ngezindlela eziningana: indawo yokufinyelela engenantambo, imodi yokuqondisa, noma imodi ye-mesh . Kumodi ye-AP yakudala, ithola i-inthanethi ngekhebula bese iyithumela nge-Wi-Fi. Kumodi ye-router, ingaphatha ngisho nenethiwekhi yendawo ngqo. Kumodi ye-mesh, ingaxhuma nezinye izindawo zokufinyelela ezihambisanayo ukuze kwandiswe ukumbozwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo phakathi kwazo.
Umsebenzi we-"AP Mesh" uvumela, isibonelo, i-antenna eyodwa ukuthola isignali ye-WiFi kusuka kwenye indawo yokufinyelela bese iyiletha ngokuxhumeka kwe-Ethernet kumadivayisi anezintambo . Lokhu kulungiselelwa kuwusizo kakhulu emishinini engenayo i-WiFi (njengezinye izibhokisi ze-set-top, amaphrinta ezimboni, noma amadivayisi okuqapha ividiyo) kodwa ene-port yenethiwekhi.
Ukuphatha nokulungiselela la maphuzu okufinyelela ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngesiphequluli sewebhu noma uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukusetha. Amapharamitha anjenge-SSID, iphasiwedi, isiteshi, amandla okudlulisa, kanye ne-VLAN angachazwa phakathi kwezixazululo zebhizinisi noma ngazinye ezindaweni ezincane.
Ngokuphathelene namandla, eziningi zalezi zindawo zokufinyelela zisekela i-PoE+ 802.3at (isibonelo, kufika ku-18W) ngaphezu kokufakwayo kwe-DC okuvamile (njenge-12V/1,5A). Ngenxa ye-PoE+, idivayisi ingasebenza kusetshenziswa ikhebula lenethiwekhi elifanayo, eliwusizo kakhulu lapho ulifaka ophahleni, emaceleni odonga, noma ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona indawo yokukhipha ugesi eseduze.
Amanethiwekhi e-WiFi anabantu abaningi: incazelo kanye nezinselele
Amanethiwekhi e-WiFi abizwa ngokuthi aphezulu kakhulu avela ezimweni lapho abasebenzisi namadivayisi amaningi egxile khona: amakamelo emihlangano yamahhotela, izikhungo zemihlangano, izinkundla zemidlalo, amathiyetha, amakhampasi ezemfundo, izikhungo zokuthenga, izikhumulo zezindiza, noma amakhonsathi kanye nemicimbi yesikhashana.
Kulezi zimo, inselele enkulu akuyona isivinini esiphezulu sethiyori, kodwa kunalokho ikhono lokusingatha amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zokuxhumeka ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle kokwehla, ukuphazamiseka, noma ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza okukhulu. Umsebenzisi ngamunye ulindele ukukwazi ukuphequlula i-inthanethi, ukwenza amakholi wevidiyo, ukulayisha nokulanda idatha, ukudlala imidlalo eku-inthanethi, noma ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zenkampani ngaphandle kokubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukugcwala.
Ukwanda kwe-IoT kanye nokwanda kwamadivayisi ahlakaniphile (izinzwa, amakhamera, izinto ezigqokwayo, amatheminali okuthengisa, njll.) kukhulisa kakhulu lokhu kuxhumana. Namuhla, umuntu ngamunye uphethe amadivayisi amaningana axhumana nenethiwekhi, ngakho-ke izixazululo ze-WiFi ezindala ziyasilela ngokusobala.
Amanethiwekhi anabantu abaningi adinga imishini ekwazi ukuphatha kahle i-radio spectrum, ukuhlukanisa ithrafikhi, ukusebenzisa ikhwalithi yesevisi (QoS) , kanye nokuqinisekisa abasebenzisi ngezixazululo ezifana nama-portal abanjwe, ama-akhawunti ezivakashi zesikhashana, noma ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zezinkampani.
Uma sibheka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, amanethiwekhi e-WiFi anabantu abaningi kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale eyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthuthuka kwenethiwekhi yebhizinisi , esekelwa yizindinganiso ezifana ne-Wi-Fi 6, kanye ne -Wi-Fi 7 kamuva , kanye nokuhlela okuhle kwenethiwekhi enezintambo eziwasekelayo.
Izixazululo ze-WiFi ezinabantu abaningi njenge-Omada, i-Mesh kanye nokulawula okuphakathi
Abakhiqizi abanjengo-TP-Link, phakathi kwabanye, banikeza imindeni yemikhiqizo eyenzelwe ngqo amanethiwekhi anabantu abaningi , njengochungechunge lwe-Omada EAP. Lawa madivayisi aklanyelwe izindawo zangaphakathi ezidinga kakhulu, ngokusekelwa kokuphathwa okuphakathi, ukusebenza kwezindawo eziningi, kanye nezici ezenza kube lula ukuthunyelwa nokugcinwa kwenethiwekhi.
Ezindaweni zomphakathi ezimatasa, inethiwekhi kumele ikwazi ukuphatha inani elikhulu lamadivayisi anoxhumano oluzinzile noluphephile . Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, kubalulekile ukuba ne-portal authentication (captive portal) ukulawula ukufinyelela komsebenzisi, kanye namathuluzi okuqapha, ukunciphisa i-bandwidth ngomsebenzisi ngamunye, kanye nokuphoqelela izinqubomgomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kudingeka ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwethrafikhi, kuyalulekwa ukwenza ukubamba nokuhlaziya usebenzisa i-Wireshark.
Izindawo ezivamile zifaka phakathi izindawo zomphakathi ezimatasa njengezikhumulo zezindiza, izinkundla zemidlalo, izitolo ezinkulu noma izikhungo zemibukiso , kanye namakhampasi amakhulu anezakhiwo eziningana nezitezi (amanyuvesi, iziteshi zamahhotela, izindawo zokuhlala, izikole) kanye nezindawo zesikhashana ezigcwele abantu abakhona njengemikhosi noma imibukiso.
Kulezi zinhlobo zezindawo, i -topology eklanywe kahle ibalulekile , ehlanganisa izindawo zokufinyelela ezinezintambo kumaswishi asezingeni lebhizinisi, ama-router asezingeni lochwepheshe, futhi, ezimweni eziningi, isilawuli (esingokoqobo, isofthiwe, noma esisekelwe efwini) esiqondisa yonke inethiwekhi.
Izici ezifana ne-Omada Mesh kanye ne-Fast Roaming zidinga laba balawuli ukuthi bavumele amadivayisi ukuthi ahambe kalula phakathi kwezindawo zokufinyelela , okubalulekile emahhotela, emahhovisi anokuhamba okuqhubekayo, nasezindaweni zokugcina izinto ezinkulu. Ukuhlinzekwa kwe-Zero-Touch kusekelwa nasekusetshenzisweni okulawulwa yifu, okwenza kube lula ukufakwa kwemishini ngobuningi.
Ama-router: ubuchopho benethiwekhi yesivinini esikhulu
I- router iyinsika yanoma iyiphi inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi . Yidivayisi enesibopho sokuxhuma inethiwekhi yendawo (i-LAN) kwi-inthanethi nokuqondisa ithrafikhi yedatha phakathi kwamadivayisi ahlukene ngokudlulisela amaphakethe kumakheli e-IP asendaweni yawo.
Ngokuvamile, i-router yenza imisebenzi emibili eyisisekelo: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivumela amadivayisi amaningana ukuthi abelane ngoxhumano olufanayo lwe-inthanethi ; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ilawula ithrafikhi phakathi kwamanethiwekhi ukuze idatha ifike ngendlela efanele, isebenzisa imithetho ye-firewall, i-NAT, imizila engaguquki noma eguquguqukayo, kuye ngemodeli kanye nobunzima bayo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-router : anezintambo futhi ane-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. I-router enezintambo kuphela ixhuma ku-modem nge-Ethernet futhi yabelana ngoxhumano ngama-port enethiwekhi, inikeza uxhumano oluzinzile noluphephile, yize idinga ukuthi idivayisi ngayinye ixhunywe ngekhebula. Ama-router angenantambo aneza indawo yokufinyelela ye-Wi-Fi, okuvumela omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, ama-laptop, namanye amadivayisi ukuthi axhumeke ngaphandle kwentambo.
Ama-router e-WiFi, ngaphezu kokuhambisa ithrafikhi, asebenza njengezindawo zokufinyelela ezingenantambo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi , okunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kodwa futhi kuzenza zibe sengozini enkulu yokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Yingakho kubalulekile ukukhetha amamodeli esimanje anama-band angu-5 GHz kanye no-2,4 GHz kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe obufana ne-MU-MIMO kanye ne-OFDMA.
Ekufakweni okuthuthukile kakhulu, i-router ivame ukusebenza ngokubambisana nama -switch, izindawo zokufinyelela ezizinikele, ama-firewall, kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha , ngakho-ke i-router igxila ekuqondiseni ithrafikhi kwi-inthanethi, kuyilapho ukumbozwa kwe-WiFi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwayo kudluliselwa kweminye imishini ekhethekile; ukukhetha nokuqhathanisa imishini, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubheke ukuhlaziywa kwama-router kanye nezindawo zokufinyelela ze-WiFi.
Ama-router e-4G okuxhumana kweselula okusheshayo
Uma i-inthanethi ye-fiber optic noma ye-ADSL ingatholakali, noma kudingeka ikhambi eliphathekayo, ama-router e-4G ayasetshenziswa . Lawa madivayisi akuvumela ukuthi uxhumeke kwi-inthanethi ngenethiwekhi yeselula, usebenzisa ikhadi le-SIM elihambisana nedatha, futhi usabalalise lokho kuxhumana nge-Wi-Fi noma i-Ethernet.
Amamodeli amaningi afaka ibhethri langaphakathi , okwenza kube lula ukuwaphatha ngaphandle kokudinga i-outlet kagesi. Lokhu kuwenza afaneleke kakhulu emakhaya esibili, ekuhambeni, ekusebenzeni kude, noma njengesipele sesikhashana uma kwenzeka ugesi uphela.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zazo ukuthi azidingi ukufakwa noma izintambo eziyinkimbinkimbi ; mane nje ufake ikhadi le-SIM elinedatha esebenzayo bese uvula idivayisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingahlinzeka ngesembozo ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma ezindaweni lapho i-inthanethi ye-fiber optic ingatholakali khona, inqobo nje uma kunesignali yeselula eyanele.
I-router yesimanje ye-4G ivame ukusekela abasebenzisi abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokonakala okukhulu kwesiginali, ngisho nokuvumela ukulanda amafayela amakhulu uma inethiwekhi yeselula ivumela lokho. Vele, ulwazi luzoncika ekumbozweni kwangempela, ukuminyana kombhoshongo weseli, kanye nohlelo lwedatha lomsebenzisi.
Uma ukhetha i-router ye-4G, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ucabangele usayizi wayo, isisindo, kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka , ikakhulukazi uma izothuthwa njalo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola isivinini esiphezulu sokudlulisa (isibonelo, amamodeli angu-10/100 Mbps uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli angu-10/100/1000 Mbps), kanye nenani lamadivayisi angaxhuma ngasikhathi sinye.
I-Wi-Fi 6: isisekelo samanethiwekhi e-WiFi ashesha kakhulu anamuhla
Izinga le -Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) , elisebenza kusukela ngo-2019, liwukuthuthuka okukhulu kwamanethiwekhi angenantambo ezindaweni ezizimele. Lakhelwe ukunikeza amandla amakhulu, ukusebenza kahle okungcono, ukumbozwa okubanzi, kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu ezimweni zamadivayisi anabantu abaningi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsuku zokuqala ze-Wi-Fi, ijubane likhulu kakhulu: izinga lokuqala le-802.11a lalinesivinini esiphezulu esingaba ngu-2 Mbps , kanti i-Wi-Fi 6 ingafinyelela ku-10 Gbps ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwakubalulekile ukusekela ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi okunamandla kwanamuhla kanye nenani lamadivayisi axhunywe ngasikhathi sinye.
Izinguqulo ze-WiFi ezivele, ngamafuphi: i-WiFi 1 (802.11a), i-WiFi 2 (802.11b), i-WiFi 3 (802.11g), i-WiFi 4 (802.11n), i-WiFi 5 (802.11ac), kanye ne-WiFi 6 (802.11ax) . Isizukulwane ngasinye esisha sikhuphuke ngesivinini kanye nokusebenza kahle, kodwa i-WiFi 6 nayo yethula ukuthuthukiswa okubalulekile ekuphathweni kokuxhumeka okuningi.
Enye yentuthuko ebalulekile ukuthi i-Wi-Fi 6 ithuthukisa ukusebenza ku-2,4 GHz uma kuqhathaniswa nezindinganiso zangaphambilini, iphinda ithole inzuzo yobubanzi bale bhendi kodwa ngokusebenza kahle okukhulu, futhi iyihlanganisa nesivinini esiphezulu sebhendi engu-5 GHz.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne- OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access) kanye ne-MU-MIMO ethuthukisiwe , evumela isiteshi ukuthi sihlukaniswe kahle phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaningi futhi siphathe amaphakethe edatha njalo, kunciphisa ukubambezeleka futhi kwandise umthamo ophelele wenethiwekhi.
Izinzuzo zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside ze-Wi-Fi 6
Ezingeni eliseduze, i-Wi-Fi 6 inikeza ukusebenza okungcono kwamadivayisi amanje kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi okubushelelezi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokuxhumana okuningi ngasikhathi sinye njengamahhovisi, izikhungo zemfundo, amahhotela noma izindawo ezimatasa.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziphawuleka kakhulu ukwanda komthamo wenethiwekhi , okuvumela amadivayisi amaningi aphindwe kane ukuthi axhunywe kunezinga langaphambilini ngaphandle kokwehla okukhulu kwekhwalithi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba indawo yokufinyelela ixhumana namadivayisi amaningi ngesikhathi esifanayo, esikhundleni sokuwaxhuma ngokulandelana ngamunye ngamunye njengakuqala.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla okuthuthukisiwe . Amadivayisi ahambisana ne-Wi-Fi 6 anganciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwamandla (kufika kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu kwezinye izimo), okuholela kumabhethri ahlala isikhathi eside omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, ama-laptop, kanye namagajethi e-IoT.
Ukubambezeleka kuncishisiwe ngenxa yokudluliselwa kwephakethe okulungiselelwe, okubalulekile kwi-IP yezwi, imihlangano yevidiyo, imidlalo eku-inthanethi, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi sangempela. Ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, isilinganiso sokudlula komsebenzisi ngamunye singaba sikhulu ngokuphindwe kane kune-Wi-Fi 5.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Wi-Fi 6 inikeza ububanzi obukhulu kanye nokumbozwa okungcono , okuvumela isivinini ukuthi sihlale sizinzile ngisho noma sisebangeni elide, futhi kuqinisa ukuphepha ngezici ezintsha ezithuthukisa ukutholakala kokuphazamiseka kanye namadivayisi anobungozi angaba khona.
I-Wi-Fi 6 njenge-lever yesikhathi esizayo: i-IoT, i-augmented reality kanye nebhizinisi
Ukuthuthela engqalasizinda ye-Wi-Fi 6 akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa inethiwekhi yamanje , kodwa futhi kuvula indlela yamamodeli amasha asebenzayo, izinsizakalo zedijithali ezithuthukisiwe, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwamadivayisi e-IoT eminyakeni ezayo.
Ezweni lebhizinisi, ukuba nenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi 6 eqinile kuwukutshalwa kwezimali ekuncintisaneni nasekuguqulweni kwedijithali . Kuvumela ukwesekwa kwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukugeleza kwedatha okunamandla, ukuhamba okugcwele komsebenzisi, kanye nenani elikhulayo lamadivayisi ahlakaniphile ngaphakathi kwenkampani.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe- Internet of Things (IoT) kudinga inethiwekhi enamandla okuxhumana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, kanye nokumbozwa okuhle—okuyilokho kanye i-Wi-Fi 6 ephumelela kukho. Ama-sensor, ama-actuator, amadivayisi ezimboni, amakhamera, kanye nezinhlelo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekhaya zingabelana ngengqalasizinda efanayo ngaphandle kokuyilayisha ngokweqile.
Iphinde ivule umnyango wokusebenzisa i-augmented reality (AR) kanye ne-virtual reality (VR) ngezinga lekhwalithi yesithombe, umsindo kanye nokugeleza okufanelekela ukuqeqeshwa, ukulungiswa okukude, ukuklama ngokubambisana noma okuhlangenwe nakho okujulile kwezokuzijabulisa kanye nokuthengisa.
Izinkampani ezigxile kumanethiwekhi nezinsizakalo eziphethwe zingaklama, zisebenzise futhi ziphathe lezi zingqalasizinda ezithuthukisiwe, zinikeze izeluleko ezenziwe ngezifiso ngesisombululo esingcono kakhulu sendawo ngayinye, kusukela ezakhiweni ezihlakaniphile kuya ezitshalweni zezimboni , kufaka phakathi amahhovisi ahlanganisiwe lapho ukusebenza ngocingo kanye nomsebenzi mathupha kuhambisana khona.
I-Wi-Fi 6 kanye ne-5G: indlela ezihambisana ngayo kumanethiwekhi asheshayo
Umbuzo uvame ukuvela wokuthi i-Wi-Fi 6 kanye ne-5G ziyancintisana yini . Eqinisweni, ziyibuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo, obuklanyelwe ngesisekelo esifanayo kodwa obuqondiswe ezimweni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa: i-Wi-Fi 6 ibusa kumanethiwekhi azimele (amahhovisi, emakhaya, emakhampasi, emafektri), kuyilapho i-5G igxile emkhakheni wenethiwekhi yeselula yomphakathi.
Zombili lezi zindinganiso zihlose ukunikeza amandla amakhulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okungcono komsebenzisi , kodwa ukuthunyelwa kwazo ngokomzimba, imodeli yokuphatha, kanye nezindleko kuhluke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukuhambisana: I-Wi-Fi 6 ibekwa phambili ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo nasezindaweni, kuyilapho i-5G (noma i-4G) isetshenziswa ngaphandle ukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumeka kweselula.
Ukuze lokhu kuhlala ndawonye kube yimpumelelo, kuvela izinhlelo ezifana ne -OpenRoaming , ezikhuthazwa yi-Cisco nabanye abadlali, ezihlose ukuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basuke kwenye inethiwekhi baye kwenye ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokudinga ukuqinisekisa ngokuphindaphindiwe noma ukuqagela ukuthi iyiphi inethiwekhi okufanele bayikhethe.
Umqondo ngemuva kwe-OpenRoaming ukuthi, ngemva kokuqinisekiswa kokuqala okukodwa , idivayisi ingaxhuma kalula kumanethiwekhi ahambisanayo e-Wi-Fi 6 njengoba uhambahamba, kalula njengoba ifoni yakho ishintsha phakathi kwama-antenna e-5G. Umsebenzisi akudingeki akhathazeke ngama-portal abanjwe noma amaphasiwedi aphindaphindwayo; axhunyiwe nomaphi lapho eya khona.
Kulesi simo, izinhlangano eziningi zikhetha ukuhlanganisa ingqalasizinda ye-Wi-Fi 6 ezindaweni zazo zangasese nokuxhumeka kwe-5G kwabasebenzi beselula, izimoto ezixhunyiwe, noma amadivayisi asebenza ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zazo, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe ulwazi lwenethiwekhi olufana kakhulu noluphephile.
Imishini yenethiwekhi eyengeziwe: Ama-switch e-PoE nama-injector
Ukuze inethiwekhi ye-WiFi esheshayo isebenze kahle, ingxenye engabonakali— ingqalasizinda enezintambo —ibalulekile . Yilapho amaswishi nama-injector e-PoE eqala khona ukusebenza, exhumanisa wonke amadivayisi ndawonye futhi enika amandla amaningi awo ngekhebula lenethiwekhi uqobo.
Amaswishi axhumanisa amadivayisi amaningi esebenzisa izintambo ze-UTP (Ethernet), asabalalisa ngempumelelo ithrafikhi ngaphakathi kwe-LAN. Uma i-router ingenazo izimbobo ze-RJ45 ezanele, iswishi ikuvumela ukuthi wandise inani lokuxhumeka okutholakalayo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusebenza.
Ezindaweni zobungcweti, kusetshenziswa amaswishi alawulwayo avumela ukucushwa kwama-VLAN, ama-QoS, ukuhlanganiswa kwezixhumanisi, ukuqapha, kanye nokuphepha . Lokhu kuhlukanisa inethiwekhi yezivakashi, izwi, idatha, i-IoT, noma ukubhekwa kwevidiyo, ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwezinsizakalo kanye nokuthuthukisa ukulawula. Uma unesifiso sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nokuqinisekiswa kanye nokwahlukaniswa, bheka iziqondiso ku- 802.1X kanye nama-VLAN ashukumisayo.
Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (i-PoE) akuvumela ukuthi unike amandla amadivayisi anogesi ngekhebula lenethiwekhi elifanayo elidlulisela idatha. Lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sezindawo zokufinyelela ophahleni, kumakhamera e-IP, kumafoni e-VoIP, noma kumaphaneli olwazi, lapho ukusebenzisa i-outlet kagesi kungenzeki khona.
Uma idivayisi ingenazo izimbobo ze-PoE zasendaweni , ama-injector e-PoE angaphandle angasetshenziswa ukwengeza amandla phezu komugqa we-Ethernet. Lesi yisisombululo esiwusizo kakhulu sokwenza ukufakwa kube sesimanje ngaphandle kokushintsha zonke ihadiwe ezikhona, futhi sifanelana kahle namanethiwekhi adinga isivinini esikhulu kanye nokusetha okuhlanzekile nokuhlelekile.
Uma sibheka konke, ukukhetha okulungile kwama -router, amaswishi, izindawo zokufinyelela, kanye ne-PoE yikho okuguqula ukuxhumana okulula kube inethiwekhi ye-WiFi eqinile, ekwaziyo ukukhulisa, neshesha kakhulu ekwazi ukusekela ukukhula kwekhaya ledijithali noma ibhizinisi lesimanje.
Ngokuhlanganisa amazinga afana ne-Wi-Fi 6, izixazululo ezinabantu abaningi, ukusekela ama-router e-4G, kanye nengqalasizinda enezintambo eklanywe kahle enezinkinobho ze-PoE nama-injector, kungenzeka ukwakha amanethiwekhi angenantambo asekela inani elikhulu lamadivayisi, anikeza ukubambezeleka okuphansi, ukuphepha okuhle, kanye nesivinini esiphezulu esiqhubekayo, ephendula ngokungenamthungo ezidingweni zamanje zokusakaza, ukusebenza ngocingo, imidlalo eku-inthanethi, i-IoT, kanye nezinsizakalo zenkampani ezithuthukisiwe.
