- Ukuqaliswa kokuvikela okunezingqimba eziningi okuhlanganisa i-antivirus, i-firewall kanye nokubethela idatha.
- Ukuphathwa kokuphepha kwe-Endpoint ukuvikela amadivayisi ezindaweni ezikude nezebhizinisi.
- Ukucushwa kwamathuluzi athuthukile njengokuhlukaniswa kwe-kernel kanye nokulawula uhlelo lokusebenza.
Namuhla, ukuba nekhompyutha ye-Windows kuyinto evamile ekhaya nasehhovisi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, kodwa ngenxa yaleso sizathu, kuyinhloso ethandwayo yezigebengu ze-inthanethi . Ukuvula nje ikhompyutha nokuphequlula akwanele; kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuphepha kuyinqubo eguquguqukayo nokuthi, ngezinye izikhathi, uhlelo ngokwalo lungakhubaza ukuvikela ukuvimbela amaphutha obuchwepheshe.
Uma ufuna ukugwema izinto ezimangazayo ezingathandeki njengokwebiwa kobunikazi noma ukukhiya amafayela akho nge-ransomware, udinga ukuqonda kahle amathuluzi okuvikela akhelwe ngaphakathi . Kulesi sihloko, sizohlukanisa konke kusukela eziyisisekelo kuya ekucushweni okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukuguqula uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lube yi-bunker yangempela yedijithali.
Amathuluzi Okuphepha E-Windows Akhelwe Ngaphakathi
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Windows Security aluyona nje uhlelo; luyisistimu ephelele eqapha idivayisi yakho kusukela ngesikhathi uyivula. Enhliziyweni yayo kukhona i- Microsoft Defender Antivirus , eskena yonke ifayela olivulayo noma olilandayo ngesikhathi sangempela, inciphise izinsongo ngaphambi kokuba zibangele noma yimuphi umonakalo. Ukuze uluthuthukise, ungafunda ukuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani i-Windows Defender ukuze uthole ukuphepha okuphezulu.
Ukuze sigcwalise i-antivirus, sine- Windows Firewall , esebenza njengonogada wesango oqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi. Lolu hlelo luvimba noma yimuphi umsebenzi osolisayo ongenayo noma ophumayo, luqinisekisa ukuthi ubumfihlo bakho buhlala buphelele nokuthi akekho ongangena kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo.
Uma udinga ukwenza ukuhlanza okujulile, ungasebenzisa ukuskena kwe-malware ngesandla ngokuchofoza kwesokudla kufolda ethile noma ukuqalisa ukuskena okusheshayo kusuka kuzilungiselelo zakho zokuvikela amagciwane. Kubalulekile ukungazinaki lezi zixwayiso, njengoba ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kuvimbela i-malware ukuthi isakazeke kuyo yonke i-hard drive yakho.
Enye insika ebalulekile yi -Smart Application Control , evimbela isofthiwe engaqinisekisiwe ukuthi isebenze ohlelweni. Kubasebenzisi noma amabhizinisi athuthukile, amathuluzi afana ne -AppLocker akuvumela ukuthi uchaze imithetho eqinile ngokusekelwe kusiginesha yedijithali yomenzi, evimbela ukwenziwa kwezinhlelo ezingekho ohlwini olugunyaziwe.
Ukuphepha Kwendawo Yokugcina: Ukuvikelwa Kwezindawo Zobungcweti
Uma sikhuluma ngokuphepha kwe-endpoint, sibhekisela ekuvikeleni yonke indawo yokufinyelela, kungaba yi-laptop, iseva, noma ikhompyutha yedeskithophu. Enkathini yokusebenza kude kanye nezinqubomgomo ze-BYOD (letha idivayisi yakho), indawo yokuhlasela iye yanda kakhulu , okwenza kube kubalulekile ukuvikela idatha ngisho nalapho idivayisi ingaxhunyiwe kunethiwekhi yehhovisi.
Ukuze kulwiwe nalokhu, kusetshenziswa izixazululo ze -Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) . Ngokungafani nesofthiwe ye-antivirus yendabuko, i-EDR iqapha ukuziphatha kwesistimu amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto, ithola amaphethini angajwayelekile angabonisa ukuhlaselwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, njenge-Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs), okuvame ukungatholakali isikhathi eside.
Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuza kwedatha, i-Data Loss Prevention (DLP) iyasetshenziswa . Lawa mathuluzi aqapha indlela amafayela ayimfihlo adluliselwa ngayo nge-imeyili noma amadrayivu e-USB, okubangela izexwayiso uma kwenziwa noma yimuphi umzamo wokuhambisa ulwazi oluvinjelwe ngaphandle kwenhlangano.
Ukubethela kuyindlela yokugcina yokuzivikela. Ngokusebenzisa i-BitLocker , idatha eku-hard drive yakho ayifundeki kunoma ubani ngaphandle kwenkinobho yokucisha ukubethela. Lokhu kusindisa impilo uma i-laptop yakho yebiwe, ngoba noma ngabe i-hard drive isusiwe, isela ngeke likwazi ukufinyelela ulwazi ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa okufanele.
Izinsongo ezivamile kanye nendlela yokulwa nazo
I-Malware iyisongo esivame kakhulu, esivela njengama-virus, izibungu, noma i-ransomware eyesabekayo. Lokhu kwamuva, njengoba kubonakala nge-WannaCry, kungabethela izinkulungwane zamakhompyutha ngemizuzu . Ukuzivikela okungcono kakhulu ukugcina uhlelo lwakho lubuyekeziwe futhi usebenzise ukuvikelwa kwe-ransomware ye-Defender, okungavimba izinqubo zokubethela ezingagunyaziwe.
Ukuphanga kuseyinkinga enkulu, lapho abahlaseli bezenza abanye ukuze bebe amaphasiwedi. Isihlungi se-SmartScreen se-Microsoft Edge sibalulekile lapha, njengoba sikuxwayisa ngaphambi kokuvakashela amawebhusayithi ayingozi noma ukulanda amafayela asolisayo. Ukukhubaza lesi sici kufana nokushayela ungenalo ibhande lesihlalo.
Asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuhlaselwa kwezinsuku ezingenalutho , okusebenzisa ubuthakathaka umenzi angakabulungisi. Isixazululo sangempela kuphela ukuphathwa kwe-patch okuzenzakalelayo nge-Windows Update, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izibuyekezo ezibalulekile ziyafakwa ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze kuvalwe amaphutha okuphepha ku-Windows.
Okokugcina, kunezinsongo zangaphakathi kanye nokuhlaselwa kwe-Man-in-the-Middle (MitM), okuvame kakhulu kumanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi. Ukuze uvimbele othile ukuthi angavimbeli ithrafikhi yakho, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-VPN njalo futhi ugweme ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi avulekile emahhotela noma kuma-cafe ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokuphepha ezanele.
Izilungiselelo ezibucayi namaqhinga okwenza ngcono
Kunezici iMicrosoft ezizikhubaza ngezinye izikhathi ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuvimbela izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zokufa (ama-BSOD) ezibangelwa abashayeli abangahambisani. I-Core Isolation iyisibonelo esisodwa; ivikela inkumbulo yesistimu ekuhlaselweni okuphansi, kodwa uma unabashayeli abadala, uhlelo luyayicima ukuze luvimbele ukuphahlazeka.
Ukuze uphinde uvule i-Memory Integrity , kufanele uqale ubuyekeze wonke abashayeli bakho kusuka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi. Uma lokho sekuqediwe, ungabuyela ku-Windows Security bese uvumela ukuhlukaniswa. Uma uhlangabezana nephutha, ungaliphoqi, njengoba lokhu kungenza ikhompyutha yakho ingasebenzi.
Elinye igugu elifihliwe yi -Tamper Protection . Lesi sici sivimbela i-malware enamalungelo okuphatha ukuthi ishintshe izilungiselelo zakho ze-antivirus ukuze ikhubazeke. Qiniseka ukuthi ivuliwe kumenyu yakho yokuphatha i-antivirus.
Kubasebenzisi basekhaya, icebiso elihle ukudala amaphuzu okubuyisela uhlelo . Uma ufaka uhlelo oluphula okuthile noma oluhlaselwa, ungabuyisela ikhompyutha yakho esimweni sangaphambilini lapho konke bekusebenza kahle, okukongela amahora amaningi okufometha nokufaka kabusha.
Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zesistimu ehlomile
Ukuze kulondolozwe indawo ephephile, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-akhawunti endawo esikhundleni sama-akhawunti efu ukuze ungene ngemvume nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuvimbela ukushintsha iphasiwedi ngengozi noma ukugenca nge-imeyili ukuthi kungathinti ngqo ukufinyelela kwakho okungokoqobo kwikhompyutha yakho.
Ngokuphathelene nehadiwe, ukuvumela i-Secure Boot ku-BIOS kubalulekile. Lesi sici siqinisekisa ukuthi isofthiwe esayiniwe futhi evikelekile isebenza kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, okuvimbela ama-rootkit anonya ukuthi angalayishi. Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukwazi ukuthi ungazivuselela kanjani izitifiketi ze-Secure Boot ku-Windows ukuze ugweme izinkinga.
Kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha njalo . Ungacabangi ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle ngoba nje ungaziboni izixwayiso. Hlola i-Security Center, uqinisekise ukuthi i-firewall iyasebenza, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi azikho izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingagunyaziwe ezisebenza ngemuva.
Uma kwenzeka udinga ukukhubaza ukuvikelwa kwesikhathi sangempela ukuze ufake isofthiwe esemthethweni evinjwa yi-Windows, yenza lokho kuphela isikhathi esincane esidingekayo . Khumbula ukuthi ngenkathi ukuvikelwa kuvaliwe, ikhompyutha yakho isengozini yanoma yiluphi usongo olungena ngenethiwekhi noma ngedrayivu ye-USB.
Akukho ukuphepha okuphelele, kodwa ukuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwe-Zero Trust, ukubethela kwe-BitLocker, ukuqapha njalo okuvela ku-Microsoft Defender, kanye nomthamo omuhle wokuqonda lapho ulanda amafayela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina idatha yakho iphephile kunoma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber.
