- I-WLED iyi-firmware yomthombo ovulekile eyenzelwe ngqo ukuphatha imichilo ye-LED ekwazi ukubhekelwa kusetshenziswa ama-microcontroller e-ESP32 noma e-ESP8266.
- Ukukhetha ugesi ofanele kanye nohlobo lwe-chip ye-LED (njenge-WS2812B) kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo wehadiwe kanye nokwehla kwamandla kagesi.
- Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Home Assistant kukuvumela ukuthi uguqule umugqa olula wezibani ube uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokuzenzakalela ekhaya olune-automation olusekelwe kuzinzwa noma idatha yangaphandle.
Cishe uke wazibona lezo zibani ze-LED ezibonakala sengathi zivele ngqo kwi-movie yesayensi, lapho imibala igeleza khona futhi isabela kukho konke. Nakuba kunezifundo eziningi laphaya, eziningi zazo ziklwebha kuphela noma zikunikeza imiyalelo ezwakala sengathi ibhalwe yirobhothi. Yingakho sifuna ukukunikeza umhlahlandlela ocacile nolula ukuwuqonda , lapho ungakopishi futhi unamathisele khona kuphela, kodwa empeleni uqonde ukuthi wenzani ngezintambo kanye nekhodi ukuze ukwazi ukudala okwakho ukuhlukahluka ngaphandle kokwesaba ukushisa noma yini.
Umqondo lapha awukona nje ukuthi izibani zikhanye, kodwa futhi ukuthi zibe yingxenye yesistimu ehlakaniphile. Sizohlanganisa konke ku- Home Assistant , ubuchopho bokuzivumelanisa nekhaya obuphelele, ukuze imichilo yakho ye-LED ingagcini ngokushintsha umbala, kodwa futhi ikuxwayise ngezinto eziwusizo noma udale izigcawu ezizenzakalelayo. Lungela, ngoba sizobuyekeza imiqondo kagesi, amanethiwekhi, kanye nokulawula ukuze ungadingi ukugxumela kwamanye amawebhusayithi ngenkathi usetha iphrojekthi yakho.
Yini okudingeka siyithenge? Ihadiwe efanele
Ukuze ugweme ukwenza izinqumo ngokushesha, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuba nezinto ezifanele. Ngokuyisisekelo, sidinga izinto ezintathu: umucu we-LED ohlakaniphile, i-microcontroller ye-ESP32, kanye nogesi ongeke uqhume. Ungathembi noma yisiphi isikhangiso esiku-inthanethi; kunemininingwane yobuchwepheshe eyenza umehluko phakathi kwephrojekthi yobungcweti kanye nephrojekthi ekhanya ngoba intula amandla.
Ukukhetha i-LED strip ephelele
Akuwona wonke ama-LED strips adalwe ngokulinganayo. Ama-"dumb strips" enza into eyodwa kuphela: ukukhanya ngombala owodwa. Sifuna ama-LED strips alungisekayo kanye nokukhanya kwe-RGB , okusivumela ukuthi silawule i-LED ngayinye ngokuzimela. Izinketho ezivame kakhulu nezingabizi kakhulu yi-WS2811 kanye ne-WS2812B. Umehluko oyinhloko ukuthi nge-WS2811 ulawula amaqembu ama-LED amathathu, kanti nge- WS2812B ungalawula i-LED ngayinye ngayinye, okunikeza amathuba amahle kakhulu okugqwayiza.
Uma ukhetha, naka ubukhulu (inani lama-LED akhona ngemitha ngayinye). Uma ama-LED eningi, ukukhanya kuzovela okuqhubekayo, kunokuba kube "amaphuzu" ahlukene, yize lokhu kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Kukhona nenkinga yesilinganiso se -IP . Uma uzofaka izibani egumbini lokuphumula, isilinganiso se-IP30 sanele, kodwa uma uhlela ukukhanyisa ithala noma, kwazi bani, ichibi lokubhukuda, uzodinga isivikelo se-IP65 noma se-IP68 ukuvimbela umonakalo wamanzi.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla: Inhliziyo kagesi
Yilapho abantu abaningi bephambuka khona. I-LED strip idla amandla amaningi kakhulu kune-ESP32, ngakho-ke silinganisa ugesi ngokusekelwe enanini lama-LED. Uma sisebenzisa i-5V strip, sidinga ugesi we-5V. Ukubala okusheshayo: i-LED ngayinye idla cishe u-0.2W. Uma unemitha emi-3 enama-LED angu-30 ngemitha, lokho kungu- 18W wamandla aphelele . Sisebenzisa ifomula P = I x V, siyazi ukuthi sidinga okungenani ama-Amps angu-3.6. Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele uthenge ugesi one- amperage eyanele ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile nokuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo.
Ubuchopho: ESP32 vs ESP8266
Nakuba i-ESP8266 (njenge-NodeMCU) ibilokhu iyinkosi isikhathi eside, i- ESP32 iyisimo sokuthuthuka okunengqondo . Inamandla kakhulu, inomgogodla okabili, kanye nezikhonkwane zokufaka/zokukhipha ezengeziwe. Ngokukhanya kwe-WLED, kuyisinqumo esiphumelelayo ngoba iphatha imiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi kangcono futhi inokuxhumana kwe-Wi-Fi okuzinzile. Ayibizi kakhulu futhi ihlangana kalula nanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwekhaya oluhlakaniphile.
Ukufakwa kwe-firmware ye-WLED
Khohlwa ngokufaka izindawo zokuhlela eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-Arduino IDE uma ungafuni nkinga. Kukhona isifaki sewebhu esisemthethweni ku-install.wled.me esenza wonke umsebenzi. Vele uxhume i-ESP32 yakho kwi-PC yakho usebenzisa ikhebula le-USB (qiniseka ukuthi ikhebula ledatha hhayi ikhebula lokushaja nje kuphela ) bese uchofoza inkinobho yokufaka ku-Chrome noma ku-Edge.
Uma isiphequluli sakho singaliboni ibhodi, cishe kuzodingeka ufake abashayeli be-chip ye-USB (njenge-CP2102 noma i-CH340). Uma isibaniwe, idivayisi izodala inethiwekhi yayo ye-Wi-Fi ebizwa ngokuthi "i-WLED-AP". Xhuma kuyo usebenzisa iphasiwedi ethi wled1234 bese ufaka ulwazi lwe-router yakho. Icebiso elihle: yinikeze ikheli le-IP elingaguquki kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo ukuze i-Home Assistant ingalahlekelwa yidivayisi uma i-router iqala kabusha.
Ukuhlanganiswa ngokomzimba kanye nokufakwa kwezintambo
Uma uxhuma, khumbula umthetho wegolide: hlala usebenza ngokucima kukagesi . Xhuma i-5V kusuka kugesi kuya kokubili kuphini ye-VIN ye-ESP32 kanye nephini elihle le-LED strip. I-GND (ground) kumele ifane kuzo zonke izingxenye. Ikhebula ledatha elivela ku-strip (DIN) livame ukuxhuma ku- GPIO 2 noma ku-GPIO 16 ye-ESP32, kuye ngemodeli. Kubalulekile ukuhlonipha isiqondiso sedatha , esiboniswe yimicibisholo ku-strip ye-LED; uma uyixhuma emuva, akukho lutho oluzokwenzeka.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi ama-LED ekugcineni kwesiqeshana ayafiphala noma aphenduka aphuzi, kungenxa yokwehla kwamandla kagesi. Isixazululo ukufaka amandla ekugcineni kwesiqeshana noma ezindaweni eziphakathi, ukuxhuma izintambo zikagesi ngqo emthonjeni, njalo kugcina i-polarity efanayo.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuthuthukisiwe ne-Home Assistant
Ukuba newebhusayithi yokushintsha imibala kulungile, kodwa umlingo wangempela uyenzeka ku- Home Assistant . Njengoba ikunethiwekhi efanayo, uhlelo luzobona ngokuzenzakalelayo idivayisi ye-WLED. Uma selungeziwe, ungakha okuzenzakalelayo okubonakala njengomlingo. Isibonelo, ungasetha "isibani sethrafikhi sikagesi" esishintsha umbala westrip ngokusekelwe entengo kagesi yesikhathi sangempela (okuluhlaza okotshani okushibhile, okubomvu okubizayo).
Ungaxhumanisa futhi izibani nezinzwa zokunyakaza ukuze zikhanyise indlela yakho eya endlini yokugezela ebusuku ngokukhanya okuthambile, okufudumele , noma okubomvu okukhanyayo uma othile evula umnyango wangaphambili. Kudeshibhodi yoMsizi Wasekhaya, ungangeza ikhadi le-WLED elizinikele ukuphatha izingxenye zomugqa , okukuvumela ukuthi uphathe umugqa owodwa njengokungathi izibani eziningana ezizimele.
Kubasebenzisi abafuna kakhulu, imakrofoni (njenge-INMP441) ingangezwa ku-ESP32 ukuze izibani zisabela esigqini somculo , ziguqule isethi yakho yokudlala noma igumbi lokuphumula libe yi-disco yangempela. Konke lokhu kuphathwa ngaphandle kokubhala ikhodi, ngokumane uhlanganise izinto ze-WLED ngaphakathi kokuzenzakalelayo kweseva yakho yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekhaya.
Ukuba nohlelo lokukhanyisa olusekelwe ku-ESP32 kanye ne-WLED kukuvumela ukuthi usuke kumugqa wokuhlobisa olula uye kuthuluzi lolwazi kanye nesimo esizenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, lapho isihluthulelo sisekukhetheni izingxenye zikagesi ezifanele nokusebenzisa amandla oMsizi Wasekhaya ukuxhumanisa konke kusuka kuphaneli yokulawula eyodwa.
