- Sebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo usebenzisa ama-VLAN noma amanethiwekhi ezivakashi ukuvimbela ukunyakaza kwezinsongo eceleni.
- Lungiselela imithetho yokuxhumana yendlela eyodwa ukuze uvumele ukulawula okuphakathi ukuthi kufinyelele amadivayisi e-IoT ngaphandle kokudalula i-LAN.
- Ukuvikelwa ngokomzimba nangogesi kwengqalasizinda yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekhaya ngokusebenzisa i-SPD kanye nezinhlelo zokuphakelwa kwamandla ezingaphazamiseki.
- Ukuphathwa kokuphepha okusebenzayo okusekelwe ekulawulweni kwempahla, izibuyekezo ze-firmware, kanye nezinqubomgomo zephasiwedi eziqinile.
Ukuba nendlu yakho egcwele amagajethi ahlakaniphile kuhle kakhulu, kodwa uma ucabanga ngakho okwesikhashana, kufana nokushiya umnyango uvulekele abantu ongabazi. Amaningi alawa madivayisi afika nokuphepha okubuthakathaka, futhi uma i-hacker ikwazi ukungena ngenkani enesibani sesiShayina sama-euro ayishumi, ingagcina ihlola ikhompyutha yakho noma i-NAS yakho lapho ugcina khona izithombe zomndeni wakho. Yingakho, ithrafikhi yedivayisi ye-IoT ehlukile Inethiwekhi yakho eyinhloko akuyona nje into evamile yososayensi bekhompyutha, kodwa futhi yindlela enengqondo yokulala kahle.
Umbuzo oyinhloko ukuthi ungakufeza kanjani lokhu kuhlukaniswa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuzenzekela kwekhaya. Akusizi ngalutho ukuba nensimbi yomnyango kunethiwekhi ehlukile uma iseva yakho yoMsizi Wekhaya ingakwazi ukuyinika imiyalo noma ungakwazi ukuvula umnyango kusuka ocingweni lwakho. Inselele isekusetheni uhlelo lapho Inethiwekhi ethembekile ilawula inethiwekhi ye-IoTkodwa okwenza kube nzima ukuthi kwenzeke okuphambene nalokho, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele noma yikuphi ubuthakathaka ukuthi busabalale endlini yonke.
Amasu okuhlukanisa inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya
Uma ungenalo ulwazi oluningi lobuchwepheshe, indlela esheshayo ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wenethiwekhi yezivakashi cishe wonke ama-router esimanje anawo. Uma uxhuma amadivayisi e-IoT lapha, i-router idala isithiyo semvelo. Kodwa-ke, kulabo abafuna okuthile okuchwepheshile, basebenzisa Ama-VLAN (Amanethiwekhi Endawo Ebonakalayo) Kuyindlela ephumelelayo, njengoba ikuvumela ukuthi udale izingxenye ezingangeni manzi ngaphakathi kweswishi efanayo ephethwe, unikeze amalebula athile eqenjini ngalinye lamadivayisi.
Hay quienes intentan la solución \»chapucera\» de conectar un router viejo a uno nuevo para crear una subred. El problema es que, a menudo, el router de la subred sigue teniendo visibilidad hacia la red principal debido a cómo se gestionan las rutas de tráfico. Para que esto funcione de verdad, se requiere un ama-firewall esizukulwane esilandelayo noma i-router enokusekelwa kwemithetho ethuthukisiwe yomlilo evimba ithrafikhi kusuka endaweni ye-IoT kuya ku-LAN, okuvumela kuphela iseva yokulawula (njengoMsizi Wasekhaya) ukuthi iqalise ukuxhumana.
Kubasebenzisi bezindawo ezithile zemvelo ezifana ne-TP-Link Deco noma i-Tether, kunezinketho ezilula ze ukuhlukaniswa kwedivayisi directamente en la app. Estas herramientas permiten añadir aparatos a una lista negra de comunicación, asegurando que puedan salir a internet para actualizarse, pero que no puedan \»hablar\» con el resto de equipos de la casa, limitando así el impacto de cualquier posible malware.
Ukuphepha okunengqondo kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla
Akukhona nje ukuxhumana nabantu; ukuhlanzeka kwedijithali kubalulekile. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuzivikela ukwazi kahle ukuthi yini exhumene nawe. Kubalulekile ukugcina uhlu oluningiliziwe lwehadiwe kanye ne-firmwareNjengoba amadivayisi amaningi e-IoT engabonakali noma avela ngamagama ajwayelekile, ukwazi imodeli yakho kanye nenguqulo yesofthiwe kukuvumela ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izinkinga zokuphepha ezidinga ukunakwa okuphuthumayo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile amaphasiwedi okufinyelela. Kungumkhuba oyingozi ukushiya amaphasiwedi azenzakalelayo, avame ukuqagela noma athunyelwe ezinkundleni ze-inthanethi. Okungcono kakhulu, iphasiwedi ngayinye kufanele ishintshwe ibe entsha. inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi neyingqayizivele ngokushesha nje lapho idivayisi ithinta inethiwekhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ulwe nabakhiqizi ukuze ulondoloze i-firmware ebuyekeziweNjengoba ama-patches okuphepha ewukuphela kwendlela yokulungisa amaphutha okuklama abahlaseli basebenzisa ukuze bagxume besuka kwenye idivayisi baye kwenye.
Ukuvikelwa kukagesi: ukuphepha ngokomzimba
Ngezinye izikhathi sigxila kakhulu kubaduni size sikhohlwe ukuthi ukushaya kombani noma ukuqhuma kwamandla kungaqeda lonke uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluzenzakalelayo ekhaya ngomzuzwana. Ukuze ugweme izinhlekelele, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukufaka i- isu lokuvikela elinezingqimbaIsithiyo sokuqala kufanele sibe sephaneli kagesi ene-Type 2 surge protector (SPD), eguqula ama-voltage spikes ngaphambi kokuba afike kuma-socket emakamelweni.
Kwimishini ebalulekile, njenge-router, iseva ye-NAS, noma i-Home Assistant hub, i-power strip ejwayelekile ayanele. Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele ufake i- I-UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)Lawa madivayisi awagcini nje ngokuvimbela iseva ukuthi ingavali ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kukagesi, kodwa futhi alawula i-voltage. Kubalulekile ukubala amandla angempela kuma-watts (W) futhi ungathembeli kuphela ku-VA, uqinisekise ukuthi i-UPS ingakwazi ukusingatha umthwalo. umthwalo ophelele wemishini exhunyiwe ngesilinganiso sokuphepha.
- Imichilo yamandla enesivikelo: Iwusizo ekukhuphukeni okuncane kwesikhashana ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo.
- I-SAI Line-Interactive: Inketho engcono kakhulu yenani lemali yabasebenzisi basekhaya kanye nemidlalo.
- I-SAI Ku-inthanethi: Kugcinelwe amaseva ochwepheshe angakwazi ukubekezelela ngisho nokuphazamiseka kwemizuzwana emincane.
Indima yokufunda komshini ekuzivikeleni
Ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma zebhizinisi, ukuphathwa ngesandla akunakwenzeka. Yilapho-ke [ingxenye/ezobuchwepheshe] ingena khona. Ukufunda komshini ukuhlaziya ukuziphatha kwedivayisi. Uma i-smart bulb, evame ukuthumela amabhayithi ambalwa edatha kuseva, ngokuzumayo iqala ukuzama ukuxhuma kukhompyutha yomlawuli, uhlelo luthola ukukhubazeka kokuziphatha futhi ingahlukanisa idivayisi ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlaselwa kuqhubeke.
Lokhu kubonakala okuqhubekayo kuvumela ukudalwa kwamaphrofayili engozi. Ngokuqonda ukuthi inzwa ngayinye noma i-actuator iziphatha kanjani, kungenzeka ukuklama... izinqubomgomo eziningi kakhulu ze-firewall eziyinkimbinkimbiukuvumela kuphela ithrafikhi edingekayo kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwekhaya elihlakaniphile nokuvimbela noma yimiphi imizamo yokuxhumana eseceleni esolisayo.
Ukuze uvikele ikhaya lakho ngokugcwele, ikhambi elifanele ukuhlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi kusetshenziswa ama-VLAN, iphasiwedi eqinile kanye nokuphathwa kokuvuselelwa, kanye nengqalasizinda kagesi evikelwe enamadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka (ama-SPD) kanye nezinsiza zikagesi ezingaphazamiseki (ama-UPS). Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zingqimba, siqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenziseka kalula kwekhaya akubi yingozi, okugcina amadivayisi e-IoT elawulwa kanye nolwazi oluyimfihlo lukude ngokuphelele.
