Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokufaka Nokuthuthukisa Ikhaya Le-AdGuard ku-Raspberry Pi

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokufaka Nokuthuthukisa Ikhaya Le-AdGuard ku-Raspberry Pi

Masibe neqiniso, ukuphequlula i-inthanethi kulezi zinsuku kufana nokuhamba endaweni eneziqhumane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna iresiphi elula noma ufunda izindaba zosuku, kuhlale kunesikhangiso esicasulayo noma i-tracker ezama ukungena esikrinini sakho. Nakuba abaningi bethu besebenzisa izandiso zesiphequluli, inkinga iyaqhubeka kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula kanye nama-Smart TV, lapho ukufaka izithiyo zezikhangiso kungenzeki khona.

Yilapho i-AdGuard Home ingena khona, ithuluzi elinamandla eliguqula i-Raspberry Pi yakho ibe yisivikelo sedijithali sendlu yakho yonke . Ngokungafani nama-blocker endabuko, lolu hlelo lusebenza ezingeni lenethiwekhi, okusho ukuthi noma iyiphi idivayisi exhunywe kwi-Wi-Fi yakho, kusukela esiqandisini sakho esihlakaniphile kuya kumafoni ezingane zakho, izuza ngokuphequlula okuhlanzekile nokuyimfihlo ngaphandle kokudinga ukulungisa idivayisi ngayinye ngokwayo.

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Iyini ngempela i-AdGuard Home futhi isebenza kanjani?

Kalula nje, cabanga ukuthi i-DNS iyincwadi yamakheli ye-inthanethi. Uma uthayipha ikheli lewebhu, idivayisi yakho ibheka le ncwadi yamakheli ukuthola ukuthi yiliphi ikheli le-IP okufanele lixhunywe kulo. Ngokuvamile sisebenzisa incwadi yamakheli yomhlinzeki wesevisi ye-inthanethi yethu, engagcini nje ngokuhamba kancane kodwa futhi ibhala phansi zonke izinyathelo esizithathayo ku-inthanethi ukuze sithengise leyo datha kubakhangisi. Kulokhu, kunezinketho ezifana ne -DNS ye-Google uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Digi zokuthuthukisa isivinini kanye nokuphepha.

I-AdGuard Home iphakathi nale nqubo. Uma idivayisi icela ikheli leseva yesikhangiso, i-AdGuard ihlola uhlu lwayo olumnyama futhi, uma ithola ukukhangisa, ayibuyisi ikheli . Umphumela uba ukuthi isikhangiso asikaze silandwe, okuholela ekulayisheni amakhasi ngokushesha kanye nokonga okukhulu kwedatha yeselula kanye nomkhawulokudonsa.

I-AdGuard Home vs. Pi-hole: Yikuphi okufanele ukukhethe?

Kuvamile kakhulu ukuqhathanisa lokhu ne-Pi-hole, umakadebona kulo mkhakha. Nakuba bobabili benza into efanayo, i-AdGuard Home izwakala ingeyesimanje kakhulu. Yakhiwe ku-Go, evame ukunikeza ukusebenza okubushelelezi nokusebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhombimsebenzisi sayo silula kakhulu futhi sikhanga ngokubonakalayo kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile.

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Inzuzo eyinhloko ukuthi i-AdGuard ifaka izici ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezidinga ama-plugin ezinye izinhlelo noma ukucushwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesandla, njengokusekelwa kwemvelo kwe-DNS ebethelwe (i-DoH ne-DoT) kanye neseva ye-DHCP ehlanganisiwe. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuphathwa kwenethiwekhi ngaphandle kokulwa namafayela okucushwa okuyimfihlo ku-terminal.

Izidingo zehadiwe kanye nokulungiswa

Ukuze usethe lolu hlelo, udinga iseva esebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto. Inketho engcono kakhulu yi-Raspberry Pi, ene-8GB 4B eyisilo, yize amamodeli aphansi njenge-Zero 2W nawo enza umsebenzi. Uma ungenayo ihadiwe, ungasebenzisa i- PC endala ene-Docker noma iseva yamahhala ye-VPS efwini, njengaleyo evela ku-Oracle Cloud.

Uma ukhetha i-Raspberry Pi, kungcono ukufaka i-Raspberry Pi OS Lite ukuze ugweme ukuchitha izinsiza ku-interface yesithombe ongeke uyisebenzise. Kubalulekile ukunikeza ikheli le-IP elingaguquki kudivayisi; ngaphandle kwalokho, uma i-router iqala kabusha i-Raspberry Pi ngekheli le-IP elihlukile, indlu yakho yonke izolahlekelwa ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi ngoba amadivayisi ngeke akwazi ukuthola iseva ye-DNS.

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Inqubo yokufaka enemininingwane

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokufaka i-AdGuard Home. Eyokuqala yiyona eshesha kakhulu: sebenzisa iskripthi sokufaka okuzenzakalelayo kusuka kutheminali usebenzisa umyalo we-curl. Le ndlela ilanda i-binary esemthethweni futhi ilungiselele isevisi ukuthi iqale ngokuzenzakalelayo ngohlelo.

Indlela yesibili ukusebenzisa i-Docker, efanelekile kulabo abathanda ukuhleleka futhi abafuna ukugwema izingxabano zokuxhomekeka. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ifayela. docker-compose.ymlSingachaza amachweba adingekayo (53 e-DNS, 3000 ekucushweni kokuqala, kanye no-80 noma u-8181 wephaneli yokulawula). Imininingwane ebalulekile ezinhlelweni ze-Ubuntu yile imbobo yamahhala 53, kusukela isevisi systemd-resolved Ngokuvamile ihlala kuyo, ivimbela i-AdGuard ukuthi iqale.

Ukucushwa kwephaneli nokwenza ngcono

Uma usufakiwe, ufinyelela isikhombimsebenzisi sewebhu ngokufaka ikheli le-IP leseva yakho kulandelwe yi-port 3000. I-wizard ilula kakhulu: udala umsebenzisi womlawuli bese unquma ukuthi yiziphi izimbobo uhlelo oluzolalela kuzo. Uma usungaphakathi kwephaneli, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuya esigabeni sezihlungi ze-DNS ukuze wengeze uhlu olunezihluzo ezinolaka, njengalezo ezivela ku-HaGeZi, ezidumile ngokusebenza kwazo kahle.

Ukuze ukuhlunga okuphelele, udinga ukufinyelela izilungiselelo ze-router yakho bese ushintsha iseva ye-DHCP DNS iye ekhelini le-IP le-Raspberry Pi yakho. Ngale ndlela, noma iyiphi idivayisi exhuma kwi-Wi-Fi izolidla ngokuzenzakalelayo i- ad blocking . Uma unamadivayisi e-Android, qaphela inketho ethi "Private DNS", ngoba uma isethwe ku-othomathikhi, ifoni ingadlula i-AdGuard futhi isebenzise amaseva e-DNS e-Google.

Imikhawulo kanye namaqiniso okuvimba i-DNS

Kubalulekile ukuba ngokoqobo: i-DNS blocker ayilona umlingo. Ayikwazi ukususa izikhangiso ku-YouTube noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Instagram ne-Facebook ngoba zinikeza izikhangiso ezivela kusizinda esifanayo nokuqukethwe kwangempela. Uma uvimba isizinda sesikhangiso, uvimba yonke ividiyo noma okuthunyelwe.

Ukuze ulwe nalokhu, ikhambi elifanele ukuhlanganisa i-AdGuard Home namathuluzi afana ne-uBlock Origin kusiphequluli sakho. Ngenkathi i-AdGuard ihlanza inethiwekhi futhi ivikela amadivayisi "ayisiwula" (njenge-Roku noma ama-Smart TV), isandiso siphatha ukuhlanzwa kokuhlinzwa kwi-PC yakho. Ngale ndlela, uthola ubumfihlo obukhulu kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi olungenamthungo.

Ukuphathwa kwamakhasimende kanye nezilawuli zabazali

Enye yamandla e-AdGuard yikhono layo lokuphatha amaklayenti ngamanye. Ungabela imithetho ehlukene ilungu ngalinye lomndeni; isibonelo, sebenzisa isihlungi sokusesha esiphephile kanye nokuvimba okuqukethwe kwabantu abadala kuphela kumadivayisi ezingane zakho, ngenkathi ugcina ukufinyelela okungenamkhawulo wedwa.

Kulabo abasebenzisa uhlelo ku-VPS, ukumisa i-firewall kanye namakhasimende avunyelwe kubalulekile . Ukuvula i-port 53 kuwo wonke umuntu kuyingozi, njengoba kungakhulisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-DNS. Indlela efanele iwukukhawulela ukufinyelela ekhelini lakho le-IP lomphakathi kuphela ukuze kulondolozwe ukuphepha kweseva.