Indlela yokusetha i-DNS yangasese ku-Android ukuze uphequlule ngokuphephile

Isibuyekezo sokugcina: 7 Okthoba ka-2026
Author: I-TecnoDigital
  • I-DNS yangasese isebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-DoT ukubethela izicelo zokuphequlula nokuvimbela ukuhlolwa kwe-ISP.
  • Ikuvumela ukuthi uvimbele izizinda ezinonya kanye nokukhangisa okucasulayo kuye ngomhlinzeki okhethiwe.
  • Kuyindlela ehambisanayo ne-VPN, njengoba lokhu kubhala ngemfihlo yonke ithrafikhi hhayi imibuzo ye-DNS kuphela.
  • Ukucushwa kungokwendabuko ezinguqulweni ze-Android 9 nangaphezulu ngemenyu yezilungiselelo zenethiwekhi.

I-smartphone eboshwe ngeketanga elinokhiye, efanekisela ukuphepha nokubethela kwedatha uma usebenzisa i-DNS yangasese.

Uma sixhuma kwi-inthanethi, sivame ukukhathazeka ngamakhukhi noma ukuthi othile uhlola ikheli lethu le-IP, kodwa kunenqubo engabonakali eyenzeka njalo uma sithayipha ikheli lewebhu: ukubheka i-DNS. Ngokuyisisekelo, yi-directory ehumusha amagama afana ne-google.com abe izinombolo eziqondwa yimishini. Inkinga ukuthi, ngokuzenzakalelayo, lokhu kubheka kuhamba ngombhalo ocacile, okusho ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho we-inthanethi noma noma ubani kunethiwekhi evulekile angazi kahle ukuthi yimaphi amakhasi owavakashelayo.

Uma usebenzisa i-Wi-Fi njalo emakhefini, ezikhumulweni zezindiza, noma ezigcawini zomphakathi, usengozini enkulu. Kulezi zimo, umhlaseli angakuqondisa kuwebhusayithi mbumbulu ukuze antshontshe ulwazi lwakho lwasebhange ngokuntshontsha i-DNS yakho. Ngenhlanhla, i-Android inikeza ikhambi elakhelwe ngaphakathi elibizwa ngokuthi i-Private DNS , elibhala ngemfihlo lezi zicelo ukuze kungabikho muntu ozifundayo noma ozisebenzisayo ngenkathi uphequlula i-inthanethi.

Iyini ngempela i-DNS yangasese futhi isivikela kanjani?

Indoda esebenzisa i-smartphone yayo ezokuthutha zomphakathi, ekhombisa ingozi yokuxhuma kumanethiwekhi e-WiFi avulekile ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.

I-DNS yangasese iyisici esisetshenziswa yiphrothokholi ye-DNS-over-TLS (DoT) . Kalula nje, cabanga ukuthi esikhundleni sokuthumela ikhadi leposi elivulekile lapho noma ubani angafunda khona ikheli, manje uthumela ikheli ngaphakathi kwe-vault evikelekile. Lolu hlelo lubhala ngemfihlo izicelo ngaphambi kokuba ziphume efonini yakho, luvimbele i-ISP yakho noma umphathi wenethiwekhi yomphakathi ye-Wi-Fi ukuthi aqaphele umsebenzi wakho.

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Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-DNS yendabuko ayibethelwe. Lokhu kuvumela izinkampani zokuxhumana ukuthi zidale amaphrofayili okumaketha ngokusekelwe emsebenzini wakho wokuphequlula , njengoba imibuzo ye-DNS ibhekwa njengedatha yokuphequlula iwebhu. Ngokuvumela imodi yokuphequlula eyimfihlo, idivayisi yakho isungula umhubhe ophephile (ngokuvamile nge-port 853) isebenzisa inqubo yokuqinisekisa isitifiketi ebizwa ngokuthi i-TLS handshake, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi impendulo ivela kuseva efanele hhayi kumkhohlisi.

Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokusetshenziswa kwayo

Isandla sibambe i-smartphone enohlelo lokusebenza lwe-VPN olusebenzayo, olumelela ithuluzi lokuphepha elihambisana ne-DNS yangasese.

Inzuzo eyinhloko yokuvumela le nketho ubumfihlo. Ngokwenza ukuqapha kube nzima kakhulu, unciphisa ingozi yokwebiwa kobunikazi kanye nokuhlaselwa kwe-phishing . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngomhlinzeki omkhethayo, ungase uqaphele ukuthi amawebhusayithi alayisha ngokushesha ngenxa yengqalasizinda yomhlaba wonke ethuthukisiwe enezikhathi zokuphendula ezincishisiwe.

Nokho, akuyona into engavamile. Okokuqala, ikheli lakho le-IP lihlala libonakala kuwebhusayithi oyivakashelayo; i-DNS yangasese ifihla kuphela "indlela" yokufika lapho, hhayi ubuwena bakho bokugcina. Kungaba nezinkinga zokuhambisana: amanye amanethiwekhi ezinkampani avimba i-port 853, engashiya idivayisi yakho ingenalo ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokuqala yokubethela ingangeza, ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, inani elincane lokubambezeleka.

Umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo wokuyibeka ku-Android

Umbhangqwana osemusha usebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini bawo ebhentshini ledolobha, okubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kwansuku zonke ezindaweni zomphakathi.

Uma unedivayisi ene- Android 9 Pie noma kamuva , awudingi ukufaka noma yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingavamile noma ukususa ifoni yakho. Inqubo ilula kakhulu futhi yenziwa ngqo kusuka ohlelweni:

  • Faka imenyu Izilungiselelo bese ubheka isigaba esithi Ukuxhumana noma Inethiwekhi kanye ne-inthanethi.
  • Finyelela inketho Izilungiselelo eziningi zokuxhuma noma Okuthuthukisiwe.
  • Chofoza lapho kusho khona I-DNS yangasese.
  • Lapha unezinketho ezimbili: khetha imodi ezenzakalelayo (lapho ifoni inquma khona ukuthi inethiwekhi iyayisekela yini i-encryption) noma khetha Igama lomethuli womhlinzeki.
  Ukuphepha kumanethiwekhi e-WiFi omphakathi: izingozi kanye nendlela yokuzivikela

Uma ukhetha igama lomethuleli, kuzodingeka ufake ikheli leseva olithandayo. Qaphela ukuthi i-Android ayiwamukeli amakheli ezinombolo (njengo-8.8.8.8) kule nsimu; idinga igama lesizinda lesevisi.

Amaseva e-DNS amahle kakhulu efoni yakho ephathekayo

Isithombe esime njengophawu lwe-WiFi sibhekene nesizinda sesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, esisebenza njengehange elibonakalayo lesihloko sokuxhumeka okungenantambo.

Akubona bonke abaxazululi abafanayo; ngamunye unefilosofi ehlukile kuye ngokuthi ufunani:

  • I-Cloudflare (1dot1dot1dot1.cloudflare-dns.com): Kuyindlela efanelekile uma ufuna isivinini esiphezulu kanye nokusebenzaBagxila ekungaqophini idatha yomuntu siqu futhi banenethiwekhi enkulu yomhlaba wonke.
  • I-Quad9 (dns.quad9.net): Kunconywa kakhulu kulabo ababeka ukuphepha phambili. Yinhlangano engenzi nzuzo yaseSwitzerland enikeza kuvimbela izizinda ezinonya kwaziwa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kukuvimbele ukungena kumawebhusayithi ane-malware.
  • I-DNS Yomphakathi ye-Google (dns.google): Ivelele ngokuthembeka kwayo kanye nokuqina kwayo okuphelele, yize inqubomgomo yayo yobumfihlo ivumela kancane ngokugcinwa kwamalogi esikhashana.
  • I-AdGuard (dns.adguard-dns.com): Kuyindlela engcono kakhulu uma uzonda ukukhangisa, ngoba izihlungi zezikhangiso kanye nezilandeleli ngqo kusuka ku-DNS, ukususa ukuphequlula kusiphequluli nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
  • I-OpenDNS (resolver1.opendns.com): Iphethwe yiCisco, ilungele labo abadinga izilawuli zabazali kanye nokuvikelwa kokulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi okwenziwe ngezifiso.

I-DNS yangasese vs. i-VPN: Uyini umehluko?

Abantu abaningi badidanisa lobu buchwepheshe obubili, kodwa buyahambisana. I-Private DNS ibhala ngemfihlo umbuzo mayelana nendawo yewebhusayithi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i- VPN ibhala ngemfihlo yonke idatha, ifihla ikheli lakho langempela le-IP futhi iqondise uxhumano lwakho ngeseva ekude.

Indlela engcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa kokubili. Uma usebenzisa i-VPN, ivame ukuphatha i-DNS yayo ukuvimbela ukuvuza, kodwa ukumisa i-DNS yangasese efana ne-Quad9 kukunikeza ungqimba olwengeziwe lokulawula nokuphepha, okuqinisekisa ukuthi noma i-VPN yehluleka noma ungayisebenzisi, imibuzo yakho ngeke ihambe ngombhalo ocacile. Ngenkathi i-VPN ivikela umhubhe, i-DNS yangasese ivikela ukulungiswa kwegama.

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Ukuxazulula inkinga okuvamile

Uma ukuvula i-DNS yangasese kubangela ukuthi ulahlekelwe ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi kunethiwekhi ethile ye-Wi-Fi, kodwa konke kusebenza kahle ngedatha yeselula, kungenzeka ukuthi i -router noma i-firewall yenethiwekhi ivimba ithrafikhi ye-DoT. Lokhu kuvamile emabhizinisini noma kumanethiwekhi omphakathi anqunyelwe kakhulu avumela i-DNS ejwayelekile kuphela. Kulezi zimo, ikhambi kuphela ukubuyela kwimodi ezenzakalelayo noma ukukhubaza i-DNS yangasese ngenkathi ukuleyo nethiwekhi.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi empeleni usebenzisa isevisi ekhethiwe, ungathembeli kuphela ekuhlolweni kokuvuza kwe-DNS okujwayelekile, njengoba lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubonisa ingqalasizinda yomhlinzeki (njenge-i3D noma i-PacketHub) esikhundleni segama lesevisi. Indlela ethembeke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amakhasi okuqinisekisa omhlinzeki , njenge-on.quad9.net, azoqinisekisa ngo-"Yebo" uma ukucushwa kulungile.

Ukusebenzisa i-DNS ebethelwe kungenye yezindlela zokuphepha ezilula nezisebenza kahle kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi we-Android. Ngokushintsha kusuka kumaseva enkampani kuya ezinkethweni ezifana ne-Cloudflare noma i-Quad9, sithola ukuzimela, sivimbele ukuvakasha kwethu ukuthi kulandelelwe, futhi sizivikele ekuhlaselweni okuvamile kumanethiwekhi avulekile, okwenza umkhondo wethu wedijithali ube mncane kakhulu futhi kube nzima ukuwulandela.