Ikhwalithi yezinzwa zefoni ephathekayo kanye ne-optics: umhlahlandlela ophelele

Informatec Digital » Izinsiza » Ikhwalithi yezinzwa zefoni ephathekayo kanye ne-optics: umhlahlandlela ophelele

Namuhla siphatha omakhalekhukhwini bethu. sinamathiselwe esandleni futhi sisisebenzisa njengekhamera eyinhloko Cishe kukho konke: izithombe zansuku zonke, umsebenzi, izinkundla zokuxhumana, ukuhamba… Yingakho ikhwalithi yezinzwa ze-smartphone namalensi isibe esinye sezici ezibalulekile lapho ukhetha idivayisi, ngisho nangaphezulu… amandla eprosesa noma inani lememori.

Kodwa-ke, lapho siqala ukubheka amashidi ezobuchwepheshe Sizithola sisolwandle lwezifinyezo, ama-megapixel, namagama ezinzwa angajwayelekile angadida noma ubani. Akwanele ukubheka nje inani lama-megapixelLokhu kufaka phakathi usayizi wesenzi, ikhwalithi yelensi, ukuzinza, iprosesa yesithombe, izindlela zasebusuku, amakhamera ahlukene angemuva… ngisho nendlela isofthiwe ehumusha ngayo idatha yesehlakalo.

Indlela ikhamera yeselula esebenza ngayo ngempela

Ikhamera yesimanje ye-smartphone ayihlukile kangako kwikhamera yendabuko. Empeleni, sinayo ama-optics aqondisa ukukhanya ku-sensor kanye nohlelo lokucubungula oluguqula lolo lwazi lube isithombe sedijithali. Inselele (nobunzima) itholakala ekufakeni konke lokho esikhaleni esincane esishiywe yi-chassis yocingo.

Ibhlokhi le-optical, okungukuthi, ilensi noma isethi yamalensi, linesibopho salokhu. ukuze uthwebule ukukhanya okubonakalayo bese ukukuletha ku-sensor ngokuphambuka okuncane kakhulu okungenzekaUma ilensi iletha ukuphambuka okuningi noma ukuhlanekezela kwe-chromatic, akunandaba ukuthi inzwa ilunge kangakanani: isithombe sonakele ngisho nangaphambi kokuba sifike ku-chip.

Uma ukukhanya kushaye inzwa, izinto zikagesi ziyaqala ukusebenza. Le ngxenye yakhiwe yi- i-matrix yezigidi zamaseli azwela ukukhanya (iphikseli eyodwa ebonakalayo yephikseli ngayinye yesithombe sokugcina). Iseli ngalinye lithola ama-photon bese liwaguqula abe isignali kagesi ehambisana nenani lokukhanya elikutholile.

Okulandelayo kuza isofthiwe yefoni: iprosesa yesithombe yomkhiqizo kanye nama-algorithms ayayinakekela humusha leso siginali, lungisa umbala, umehluko, ukunciphisa umsindo, i-HDR, ukugxila kanye nakho konke "ukuqeda"Yilapho umehluko phakathi kwefoni ephathekayo esezingeni eliphezulu kanye neshibhile ungaba mkhulu khona, ngisho noma kusetshenziswa izinzwa ezifanayo.

Inselele enkulu kubakhiqizi ukuthi konke lokhu kufanele kulingane nomzimba omncane kakhulu. Uma ifoni incane, isikhala senzwa kanye ne-optics siyancipha.Futhi lokho kukuphoqa ukuthi wenze izinqumo zokuklama: ukubeka phambili usayizi wesenzwa, imbobo, ukuzinza, ukujiya kwemojuli yekhamera, njll.

Izinhlobo zezinzwa: i-CCD, i-CMOS, kanye nokuvela kwe-BSI

Ngokomlando, imindeni emibili eyinhloko yezinzwa isetshenziswe ekuthwebuleni izithombe zedijithali: I-CCD (Idivayisi Ehlanganisiwe Ngokushaja) kanye ne-CMOS (I-Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, ama-CCD ayebhekwa njengekhwalithi yesithombe engcono kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobubanzi bawo obuguquguqukayo kanye nezinga lomsindo ophansi.

Izinzwa ze-CCD zinikeze izithombe ezihlanzekile kakhulu, Ukuphatha kahle ukukhanya nezithunzi kanye nomsindo omncaneKodwa-ke, zazibiza kakhulu ukukhiqiza, zazikhiqiza ukushisa okuningi, futhi zazidinga izinhlelo zokupholisa eziyinkimbinkimbi—into engasebenzi nhlobo efonini ephathekayo encane nelula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba zishajwa ngogesi, zidonsa uthuli kalula.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinzwa ze-CMOS zithuthuke kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Namuhla, cishe wonke ama-smartphone esezingeni elithile ayawasebenzisa. Izinzwa ze-CMOS noma ama-derivatives athuthukilengoba zisebenzisa amandla angaphansi ngo-75% kune-CCD, zishisa kancane kakhulu, futhi zishibhile futhi ziguquguquka kalula ekukhiqizeni.

Inzuzo enkulu ye-CMOS ukuthi ingaklanywa ukuze ihlanganiswe imisebenzi yokucubungula ngaphakathi kwenzwa uqobo futhi zizenze zihleleke kalula, zisondeze ukusebenza kwazo kufane nokwe-chip evamile. Lokhu kuholele ezixazululweni eziqondiswe kakhulu kumadivayisi eselula, njengezinzwa ezikhanyisiwe emuva (i-BSIs).

Kuma-sensor e-BSI, isakhiwo seseli sihlelwa kabusha ukuze kuvunyelwe ukukhanya okwengeziwe ukuthi kufinyelele endaweni yokuzwa. Lokhu kuphumela ku- ukubanjwa okuthuthukisiwe ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansingomsindo omncane kanye nemininingwane eminingi, into ebalulekile ekuthwebuleni izithombe ebusuku usebenzisa i-smartphone.

Usayizi wesenzwa kanye nephikseli ngayinye: kungani kubaluleke kangaka

Uma sikhuluma ngekhwalithi yesithombe, akwanele ukusho nje ukuthi ikhamera inama-megapixel amangaki. Okubaluleke kakhulu usayizi obonakalayo wesenzwa kanye nephikseli ngayinyeIzinzwa ezimbili zingaba nesisombululo esifanayo, kodwa uma eyodwa inkulu, amaseli ayo nawo azoba makhulu futhi azobamba ukukhanya okwengeziwe.

Iseli ngalinye elizwela ukukhanya lisebenza njenge-"cube" encane ephethe bala ama-photon afinyelela kuwoUma indawo engaphezulu yaleyo cube inkulu, ingagcina ama-photon amaningi ngaphambi kokuba agcwale. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-dynamic range ingcono futhi umsindo omncane, ikakhulukazi ekukhanyeni okuphansi.

Uma siqhathanisa izinzwa ezimbili nenani elifanayo lama-megapixel, leso esinawo Amaphikseli amakhulu angokoqobo ngokuvamile anikeza isithombe esihlanzekile, esinokwakheka okungcono kanye nemininingwane engokoqoboIkhamera izokwazi "ukuchaza" indawo ngolwazi oluwusizo kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuphoqa ukucubungula okuningi kangaka.

Yingakho sibona amasu ahlukene phakathi kwabakhiqizi. Abanye, njenge-HTC ene-One noma i-Apple enama-iPhone athile, bakhethe ukusebenzisa Ama-megapixel ambalwa kodwa izinzwa ezinkulubefuna ukubeka phambili ikhwalithi yephuzu ngalinye kunobuningi obuphelele. Abanye, njengeSony, iSamsung, noma iNokia (enamakhamera abo edumile angu-40+ MP PureView), baye basebenzisa izinqumo eziphakeme kakhulu, bethembele ezinzwa ezinkulu kanye nokucubungula okunamandla.

Empeleni, inzwa enkulu yendawo engaphezulu enesisombululo esiphansi inganikeza umphumela ongcono kunomunye ogcwele ama-megapixel kodwa onamaseli amancaneIsihluthulelo ibhalansi phakathi kosayizi we-chip, usayizi we-pixel, kanye nohlobo lokusetshenziswa ozolunika izithombe (isikrini, ukuphrinta okukhulu, ukunqampuna, njll.).

Ama-Megapixel: awusizo, kodwa hhayi inhlamvu yomlingo

Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, umqondo wokuthi "ama-megapixel amaningi alingana nekhamera engcono" ukhuthazwa, futhi lokho kuyiqiniso kancane namuhla. Isixazululo sisabalulekile, kodwa akulona, ​​ngokwalo, ikhwalithi yokugcinaIfoni engu-12 MP ingathatha izithombe ezingcono kunefoni engu-48 noma engu-108 MP uma inzwa kanye ne-optics kukuhle.

Ama-Megapixel abonisa ukuthi mangaki amaphuzu azokwakha isithombe sokugcina, okunquma usayizi wokuphrinta ophezulu noma ukuthi ungasika okungakanani ngaphandle kokuba kubonakale kakhulu. Uma inzwa incane noma isezingeni eliphansi, leso sinqumo esengeziwe senza "ukungcola" kube kukhulu. futhi kukhulisa amaphutha (umsindo, ukuntuleka kwemininingwane emincane, izinto zobuciko).

Usayizi wephikseli ngayinye ubalulekile futhi: amaphikseli amakhulu athwebula ukukhanya okwengeziwe Zinikeza isignali engcono, evumela ukunciphisa umsindo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa imininingwane. Lena imvelaphi yobuchwepheshe "bokugoba amaphikseli", obuhlanganisa amaphikseli amaningana angokoqobo abe yiphikseli ebonakalayo enkulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokukhanya okuphansi.

Kunini lapho kunengqondo ukubeka phambili inani lama-megapixel aphezulu? Uma uvame Phrinta ngefomethi enkulu, nciphisa izithombe zakho kakhulu, noma udinga umkhawulo wokuhlela.Ukulungiswa okuphezulu, uma kusetshenziswa kahle, kungaba yinzuzo. Kodwa uma izithombe zakho zitholakala kakhulu ocingweni lwakho, ku-TV, nasezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ama-megapixel ambalwa kanye nenzwa enhle kuzokwanela.

Isinqumo esihlakaniphile sihilela ukuhlola ukuthi mangaki ama-megapixel owadingayo ngempela ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni kwakho, futhi kusukela lapho, beka phambili usayizi obonakalayo wesenzwa, ikhwalithi ye-optics, kanye nokucubungula uma kuqhathaniswa nenombolo yesisombululo esilula.

Ama-Optics: izimbobo, ikhwalithi yelensi, kanye nomphumela wazo esithombeni

Enye insika enkulu yekhamera ilensi. Inzwa enhle kakhulu ayisebenzi kangako uma ihambisana nelensi esezingeni eliphansi. Imbobo ilinganiswa ngamanani e-f-stop futhi iyasitshela kungakanani ukukhanya okungangena ku-sensorUma inombolo iphansi (f/1.6, f/1.8…), kulapho ukukhanya kudlula khona.

Ukuvulwa okubanzi kuvumela ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokukhanya okuphansi kanye nokufiphala kwesizinda okugqamile kakhulu (leyo bokeh efunwa kakhulu kuma-portraits). Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-aperture amancane (f/2.8 noma ngaphezulu) avumela ukukhanya okuncane kungene, okwenza izithombe zasebusuku zibe nzima kakhulu futhi kukuphoqe ukuthi wandise i-ISO noma wehlise isivinini se-shutter, okubangela ingozi yomsindo nezithombe ezifiphele.

Ngale kwenombolo ka-f, kukhona ikhwalithi yangempela yelensi noma ukuhlanganiswa kwelensi. Umklamo ongemuhle we-optical ungaletha ukuhlanekezelwa kwejiyometri, ama-halo, ama-flare kanye nokuphambuka kwe-chromatic lokho konakalisa isithombe, ephepheni, esasinazo zonke izithako ezimangalisayo.

Uma kukhulunywa ngamaselula anamalensi alingana no-35mm f/1.6 noma afanayo ngezinzwa eziseduze no-1” (njengoba kukhulunywa ngamamodeli athile eNubia noma lawo anamalensi amakhulu), kumele kuqondwe ukuthi Ilensi esheshayo yenzwa enkulu ithatha isikhala.Yingakho sibona amamojula ekhamera abonakala kakhulu kumafoni amakhulu.

Kumafoni aphathwayo anamakhamera amaningi (i-wide-engeli, i-telephoto, i-macro…), ngokuvamile ilensi ngayinye ebalulekile Ngokuvamile ihambisana nenzwa yayoLokhu kwandisa izindleko, kodwa hhayi kakhulu njengoba kungase kubonakale ngoba abakhiqizi basebenzisa kabusha ubuchwepheshe obuningi kanye nezinzwa ezivela emazingeni afanayo kumamodeli ahlukene.

Ukucutshungulwa kwezithombe kanye ne-AI: umlingo ongenakuwubona

Ingxenye yesibili yesibalo itholakala kuphrosesa yesithombe (i-ISP) kanye nama-algorithms. Ngisho noma ihadiwe yekhamera ifana kakhulu, ifoni ephathekayo esezingeni eliphezulu ivame ukunikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu ngoba Inamandla engeziwe okusebenzisa ikhompyutha kanye nama-algorithms acwengekile kakhulu ukucubungula isithombe ngasinye kanye nohlaka lwevidiyo ngayinye.

Iprosesa yesithombe iphatha imisebenzi efana Humusha isignali yenzwa, lungisa ibhalansi emhlophe, ukuvezwa, umbala, ubukhali, kanye ne-HDRIphinde ihlanganyele ekucijiseni, ekunciphiseni umsindo, kanye nohlelo lonke lwevidiyo, lapho izidingo zinkulu khona.

Kumadivayisi amaningi esimanje, amamojula nawo ayasetshenziswa Ubuhlakani Bokwenziwa obunikezelwe kwikhameraLezi zibona izigcawu (i-landscape, i-portrait, ukudla, ubusuku, ukukhanya kwangemuva…), zikhomba ubuso namehlo, futhi zilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha ukuze zithathe isithombe “esihle” ngaphandle kokuthi umsebenzisi athinte noma yini.

Iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi wonke lo "mlingo" wenza umehluko omkhulu kuphela lapho lesi sigameko siyinkimbinkimbiUkukhanya okuphansi, ububanzi obuphezulu obuguquguqukayo, izinto ezihambayo, ukuxubana kwezibani zokwenziwa… Ezimweni ezikhanyiswe kahle nezinganyakazi, cishe wonke amafoni eselula anamuhla athembele ku-sensor esebenza endaweni yayo efanele futhi anikeze ikhwalithi efanayo.

Yingakho kungelona iqiniso ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusho ukuthi ifoni esezingeni eliphezulu "inekhamera engcono" ngenxa yenzwa noma i-optics yayo (ngezinye izikhathi ifana kakhulu neyefoni esezingeni eliphakathi kuya kweliphezulu). Ubuhle bangempela buvame ukuba se... ukucubungula ipayipi, ukuzinza okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nezindlela zokubala njengemodi yasebusuku noma imodi yesithombe.

Imodi yasebusuku kanye nezithombe ezikhanya kancane

Izithombe zasebusuku bezilokhu ziyisibonelo esivelele samafoni aphathwayo. Uma kukhanya kuphansi kakhulu, inzwa ithola ama-photon ambalwa; uma ubuyisela ngokwandisa i-ISO, Umsindo uyakhula futhi imininingwane iyalahlekaNgaphezu kwalokho, ikhamera idinga isikhathi eside sokubonakala, okusho ukuthi noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okuncane kuzolimaza isithombe.

Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, cishe bonke abakhiqizi bethule uhlobo oluthile lwe- imodi yasebusukuUmqondo oyisisekelo ukuthwebula izithombe eziningana ngezilungiselelo ezahlukene (i-ISO, isikhathi sokuvezwa, njll.) bese uzihlanganisa ukuze uthole isithombe esisodwa, esikhanyiswe kangcono esinemininingwane eminingi emthunzini nomsindo omncane.

Le nqubo incike kumasu okuthwebula izithombe zekhompyutha kanye ne-AI. Qondanisa izithombe ezahlukene, khetha izingxenye ezisebenziseka kakhulu zesithombe ngasinyeIlungisa ukunyakaza kwe-pulse futhi isebenzisa amamodeli aqeqeshiwe ukuhlanza umsindo ngaphandle kokususa ukuthungwa okubalulekile.

Empeleni, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthathe izithombe "eziyisimangaliso" zasebusuku ngefoni yakho, eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ezazingenzeka kuphela ngamakhamera amakhulu kakhulu kanye ne-tripod. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula leyo modi yasebusuku... Ayithathi indawo yehadiwe enhle.Inzwa enkulu enamaphikseli amakhulu kanye nokuvula okuhle isazoba nenzuzo.

Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha izithombe eziningi zamakhonsathi, izinto zangaphakathi, noma izigcawu ezikhanyayo kancane, kuzodingeka ubheke amafoni ane- izinzwa ezinkulu (kungcono kakhulu zibe yi-1/1.3”, 1/1.28” noma ngisho ne-1”) kanye nokuvula okuhle, ngaphezu kwemodi yasebusuku ethembekile eye yalinganiswa kahle kuzibuyekezo zangempela.

Ukuzinza: I-OIS, i-EIS kanye nevidiyo esebenzisekayo

Ukuzinza kungenye yezinto oziphuthelwa kuphela uma ungenayo. Umsebenzi wayo uwukuthi lungisa ukunyakaza kwe-pulse noma kwefoni uqobo. ukugwema izithombe ezingacacile namavidiyo "afana nokuzamazama komhlaba".

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuzinza kwesithombe okubonakalayo (i-OIS) kanye nokuzinza kwesithombe se-elekthronikhi (i-EIS). Ukusetshenziswa kwe-OIS izindlela zomzimba zokuhambisa kancane ilensi noma inzwa uqobo kanye nokulwa nokunyakazisa; kusebenza kangcono ezithombeni namavidiyo ekukhanyeni okuphansi, ngoba kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwesivinini se-shutter esihamba kancane.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-EIS isebenza ngesofthiwe, inciphisa kancane isithombe futhi ukulungisa ozimele ukuze kube lula ukunyakazaIwusizo futhi ivame ukuhambisana ne-OIS, kodwa ngokwayo ayifinyeleli ezingeni elifanayo, ikakhulukazi lapho ukukhanya kuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuze uthwebule izithombe zasemini ngezigcawu ezingashintshi, ungaphila ngaphandle kwe-OIS, kodwa uma uthatha izithombe eziningi ekukhanyeni okuphansi noma uthwebula amavidiyo amaningi, ukuqina kwesithombe esibonakalayo kubalulekile. Kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuhlakanipheni nasekuqedeni kobungcwetiKulolu hlobo oluphezulu lwanamuhla, cishe zonke izinzwa eziyinhloko sezivele ziyisebenzisa.

Kuvidiyo, ngaphezu kwe-OIS ne-EIS, kunezinye izinhlaka ezisetshenziswayo ezifana nalezi: isixazululo (1080p, 4K), izinga lohlaka (30/60 fps noma ngaphezulu) kanye ne-HDR yesikhathi sangempelaInzwa enhle enevidiyo engacutshungulwa kahle ingaveza imiphumela emincane, kuyilapho i-ISP enamandla ithola ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwihadiwe.

Amakhamera amaningi angemuva: lokho okunikelwa yilelo nalelo

Sisuke ekubeni nekhamera eyodwa yangemuva saya ekuboneni amafoni anamamojula amathathu, amane, noma ngaphezulu. Akukhona nje ukumaketha: uma esetshenziswa kahle, la malensi engeziwe angasebenza kahle kakhulu. Zandisa kakhulu amathuba okudala.

Kuvamile ukuthola eyodwa ikhamera enkulu (ikhwalithi elinganiselayo kakhulu, ngokuvamile leyo enenzwa engcono kakhulu), ububanzi obukhulu ukuhlanganisa izindawo noma amaqembu amakhulu, kanye ucingo ukusondela eduze kwezinto ezikude nge-optical noma i-hybrid zoom ngokulahlekelwa okuncane.

Ngezinye izikhathi ikhamera ye-macro Ukuze uthole imininingwane eseduze kakhulu, kanye ne-ToF noma izinzwa ezifanayo ezisiza ekulinganiseni amabanga nokuthuthukisa imiphumela efana nokufiphala kwangemuva kuma-portraits. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke amalensi engeziwe anikeza izinzuzo ezifanayo: amalensi amaningi e-macro kanye nezinzwa zokujula eziyisisekelo zigcwalisa kakhulu kunanoma yini enye.

Emiklamo eminingi yamanje, ikhamera ngayinye enkulu inezici inzwa yayo ethile evumelaniswe nobude be-focal kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiweAkuyona inzwa eyodwa enamalensi amaningana ngaphambili, ngoba lokho kunganciphisa kakhulu ukwakheka kokukhanya kanye nensimu yokubuka kwemojuli ngayinye.

Le "zoo" yamakhamera ithinta intengo, kodwa ivumela ifoni ephathekayo yesimanje ukuthi ikwazi ukusingatha cishe noma yisiphi isimo kalula: Kusukela kuma-selfie namakholi wevidiyo kuya ezindaweni ezibanzi, ama-zoom akude, noma ama-close-up aqine kakhuluIsihluthulelo ukubheka ukuthi yimaphi kulawo makhamera ane-hardware enhle, ukuzinza kanye nokucubungula, nokuthi yimaphi afanele ukuboniswa kuphela.

Izinzwa ezithile ezenza umehluko

Ezweni lezinzwa, amagama athile ahlala evelela uma sikhuluma ngamafoni anamakhamera aqinile. Amanye asedumile ngenxa yokuvuza, kanti amanye ngoba abakhiqizi bawasebenzisa njengendawo yokuthengisa kumamodeli abo ahamba phambili.

I-Huawei ikhuluma ngezinzwa ezifana ne- I-SC5AOCS (i-SmartSens)okuhambisana nobubanzi obugxile kakhulu ku-Pure photography. Nakuba ishidi eliphelele lemininingwane yomphakathi lingatholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi, umlayezo oyisisekelo ucacile: khetha Izinzwa ezinkulu, ukusebenza okungcono ebusuku, kanye nobubanzi obuhle obuguquguqukayoukunciphisa ukuncika kubantu besithathu.

I-Samsung, yona, inemindeni eyaziwa ngokuthi ISOCELLIsibonelo, i-ISOCELL GNV iyinzwa enkulu engu-50MP eyenzelwe ukunikeza isisekelo esiqinile ngemininingwane, i-HDR, kanye nokubona ebusuku ngaphandle kokuphoqa isofthiwe ukuthi yenze izimangaliso. Yingxenye evamile efanelana kahle namafoni "anezithombe ezithembekile": iphuzu, thatha izithombe, futhi ngokuvamile iphuma kahle.

Bese kuba khona ukubheja okufana I-OmniVision OV50X50Inzwa engu-50MP ngefomethi ye-optical engu-1 intshi enamaphikseli angu-1,6μm, eyenzelwe ukuhlukanisa ngempela amafoni amakhulu: amakhono amakhulu okukhanya okuphansi, i-HDR ethuthukisiwe (enobuchwepheshe obufana ne-LOFIC), kanye ne-autofocus esheshayo. Ihlanganiswe nezimpawu zokuhweba ezifana ne-Light Fusion namalensi amakhulu, iphumelela kakhulu ebusuku, ngaphakathi endlini, nakumavidiyo adinga amandla.

Ngasohlangothini lweSony, amagama anjengokuthi I-LYT-900 Sezicishe zifane "nekhamera yeselula ebukeka njengekhamera engathi sína." Iyinzwa enkulu (ngokwesimo seselula), amaphikseli angu-50 MP kanye no-1,6 μm, egxile kakhulu ekuletheni ukusebenza okungcono ebusuku, ububanzi obuguquguqukayo bangempela, kanye nokubukeka kwemvelo nokujulile esithombeni sokugcina.

abanye bathanda I-Sony IMX903 Bathole ukuvelela ngenxa yokuxhumana kwabo ne-iPhone "Pro". I-Apple ayithengisi inzwa; ithengisa ulwazi: ukuhambisana, umbala, ividiyo, i-HDR ezinzile. Inani elengeziwe livela kuphayiphi yayo ephelele (i-ISP, ukucubungula, ukuzinza, isofthiwe), kodwa inzwa iyisisekelo esibonakalayo esenza konke kube nokwenzeka.

Kuzwakala futhi sengathi I-Sony LYT-828Inzwa yesimanje engu-50MP eyenzelwe ukuphumelela ezigcawini ezigqamile kanye ne-HDR ehlala ivuliwe, ngisho nasekubukeni kuqala, enosayizi ongu-1/1.28" ojwayelekile kakhulu kumafoni aphezulu uma engafiki ngqo ku-1". Okugxilwe lapha ku hlanganisa usayizi wenzwa omuhle ne-HDR enamandla futhi esebenza kahle ekusetshenzisweni.

Ngale kwemininingwane yobuchwepheshe: indlela yokuhlola ikhamera yeselula

Njengoba kunemininingwane eminingi kangaka, kulula ukulahleka. Ekugcineni, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ifoni isebenza kanjani ezimweni zangempela. Ungagxili nje ezinambeni ama-megapixel, ama-aperture, noma amagama ezinzwa.

Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele uhlole (noma uthole izibonelo zokuhlola ezinokwethenjelwa) kulezi zimo: Izigcawu ezinokukhanya okuphansi, izithombe ezinebanga eliphezulu eliguquguqukayo (ukukhanya kwangemuva, ukushona kwelanga), izithombe ezine-bokeh, nezihloko ezihambayoYilapho ukumaketha kuhlukanisa khona nekhwalithi yangempela yekhamera.

Kuhle futhi ukubheka ukuthi ifoni isebenza kanjani kuvidiyo: ukulungiswa, ukushelela (i-FPS), ukuzinza, kanye nokusebenza kwe-HDR. Amamodeli amaningi azigqaja ngezithombe zawo, kodwa Bayahluleka ukuletha ividiyo ngenxa yokucutshungulwa okungekuhle, ukuzinza okubi, noma izinkinga zokugxila okuqhubekayo.

Okokugcina, akumelwe sikhohlwe imikhiqizo ebilokhu igxile ekuthwebuleni izithombe zeselula. I-Apple ivelele ngokusebenza kwayo okuqinile kanye namakhono evidiyo; i-Google ngokusebenza kwayo okuphansi kanye ne-AI; i-Samsung ngezinzwa zayo ze-ISOCELL kanye namakhono okusondeza anamandla; kanye ne-Xiaomi ngokunikeza... ukucushwa okunamandla kakhulu okuphezulu ngamanani anamandlaKodwa ngisho nangaphakathi komkhiqizo ngamunye kukhona umehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwezinhlobo.

Ekugcineni, ukuqonda ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye (inzwa, i-optics, iprosesa, ukuzinza, kanye nesofthiwe) kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kukuvumela ukuthi... ukukhetha i-smartphone ikhamera yakhe efanelana ngempela nesitayela sakho sokuthatha izithombe, egwema ugibe lwama-megapixel agqamile noma imininingwane yobuchwepheshe egqamile engahumushi izithombe ezingcono empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.