Indlela ye-Simplex: Umhlahlandlela ophelele kanye nezicelo

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Wake wazibuza ukuthi izinkampani zenza kanjani izinqumo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zokwandisa inzuzo nokunciphisa izindleko? Indlela ye-simplex ingenye yamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu ekuhleleni okuqondile kanye nesihluthulelo sokuxazulula izinkinga zokwenza ngcono ngempumelelo. Selokhu yasungulwa, le algorithm ibilokhu iyinsika eyisisekelo emikhakheni efana nezomnotho, ubunjiniyela bezimboni, kanye nocwaningo lwemisebenzi.

Kodwa yini eyenza ikhetheke kangaka? Ayigcini nje ngokuguquguqukayo nokusebenza kahle , kodwa futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubhekane nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingenakuxazululwa ngezindlela eziyisisekelo ezifana nokuhlela imidwebo. Ukuthola ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi kungani ihlala ibalulekile kangaka kuzovula umnyango wokuqonda kangcono inqubo yokwenza izinqumo ezindaweni ezisukela ekuhleleni ibhizinisi kuya ekuthuthweni kwempahla.

Ithini indlela elulax?

Indlela ye -simplex iyi-algorithm yezibalo eyenzelwe ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuhlela eziqondile. Ngamanye amazwi, ifuna ukuthola ikhambi elifanele (kungaba ukukhulisa noma ukunciphisa) inkinga enemikhawulo eqondile. Isibonelo, uma inkampani ifuna ukukhulisa inzuzo yayo ngokukhiqiza imikhiqizo eminingana ngaphansi kwemikhawulo ethile yezinsizakusebenza, le algorithm isiza ekutholeni ingxube engcono kakhulu yokukhiqiza.

Le ndlela, eyasungulwa ngo-1947 nguGeorge B. Dantzig, igxile ekusebenzeni ngaphakathi kwesikhala sejometri esaziwa ngokuthi "isifunda esingenzeka." Iphuzu ngalinye limelela ikhambi elingenzeka elihlangabezana nemingcele ebekiwe . Indlela ye-simplex ihlola i-vertex ngayinye yalesi sifunda ukuthola umphumela omuhle kakhulu, isuka ku-vertex eyodwa iye kwenye ngenkathi ifuna ukuthuthukiswa.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zendlela ye-simplex

• Ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka: Isebenza kuzo zombili izinkinga zokukhulisa nokunciphisa, okuyenza ifaneleke ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene njengezomnotho, ezokuthutha kanye nokumaketha.
• Ukuthuthukisa okuqinisekisiwe: Uma inkinga inesixazululo, indlela ithola okungcono kakhulu kukho konke ongakhetha kukho.
• Ikhono lokusingatha okuguquguqukayo okuningi kanye nemikhawulo: Lokhu kuyayihlukanisa ezindleleni ezifana nendlela yegraphical, ekhawulelwe ezinkingeni eziguquguqukayo ezimbili noma ezintathu kakhulu.
• Ukuhumusha kwejiyomethri: Ivumela inqubo ukuthi ibonakale ngesithombe, kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi izixazululo zitholakala kanjani.

Indlela elulax isebenza kanjani

Indlela ye-simplex isebenza ngemikhawulo kanye nomsebenzi wenhloso wenkinga. Lokhu kuguqulwa kube yizilinganiso ukuze kutholakale ukumelwa okufana nethebula okubizwa ngokuthi "i-simplex tableau." Le nqubo ephindaphindayo ithuthukiswa ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Imikhawulo yokuguqula: Ukungalingani kuguqulwa kube ukulingana ngokwengeza okuxegayo noma okweqile, njengoba kufanele.
2. Yenza isixazululo sokuqala: Siqala esixazululweni sokuqala esiyisisekelo, esivame ukungabi nalutho kodwa esihlangabezana nezingqinamba.
3. Buyekeza ithebula le-simplex: Ngokuphindaphinda, izixazululo ezintsha ziyahlolwa bese kukhethwa leso esithuthukisa kangcono umsebenzi wenjongo.
4. Thola izimo zokumisa: Inqubo iphela lapho kungekho okunye ukuthuthukiswa okungenziwa esixazululweni.

Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwendlela ye-simplex

Indlela ye-simplex iyinsiza ebalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ezinye eziphawuleka kakhulu zihlanganisa:

1. Ukuphathwa kwezinsiza ezinkampanini

Izinkampani eziningi zisebenzisa le ndlela ukwaba izinsiza ezifana nabasebenzi, isikhathi, noma isabelomali. Isibonelo, inkampani inganquma inani elifanele lezinsiza okufanele izisebenzise emisebenzini eyahlukene ukuze kwandiswe inzuzo noma kuncishiswe izindleko.

2. Ukuhlelwa kokukhiqiza

Kuwusizo kakhulu ezimbonini zokukhiqiza ukunquma ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo okufanele ikhiqizwe nokuthi ingakanani, kucatshangelwa imikhawulo yezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nomthamo wokukhiqiza.

3. Logistics nezokuthutha

Kuyasiza ekwenzeni ngcono izindlela zokuhamba nezokusabalalisa ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu, kucatshangelwa izici ezifana nokutholakala kwezimoto kanye nezidingo zamakhasimende.

4. Ucwaningo lokusebenza

Isetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihilela izithiyo nezinhloso eziningi, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni efana nocwaningo lwemakethe noma ubunjiniyela bezimboni.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Ngaphambi Kokusebenzisa Indlela Ye-Simplex

Ukuze indlela ye-simplex isebenze, izidingo ezithile kumele zihlangatshezwe :

• Imikhawulo yomugqa: Zonke izithiyo kufanele zibe ngomugqa. Uma kungenjalo, kufanele kwenziwe umugqa wangaphambili.
• Uhlelo olujwayelekile: Izithiyo kufanele zibe ngendlela yokungalingani “≤” futhi okuguquguqukayo kumele kungabi negethivu.
• Idatha ehleliwe: Kubalulekile ukuba ne-coefficient matrix ehlelwe kahle ukuze wenze izibalo.

Indima yendlela elula emkhakheni wezemfundo

Emanyuvesi nasezifundweni zokwenza ngcono, indlela ye-simplex iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokufundisa imiqondo eyisisekelo yokuhlela eqondile . Nakuba zikhona izinhlelo zesofthiwe ezingenza lezi zibalo ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukufunda inqubo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo kunenani lemfundo, njengoba kuvumela ukuqonda okungcono kwe-logic ngemuva kwama- algorithms.

Akumangazi ukuthi indlela ye-simplex iseyingxenye yezifundo zezibalo ezisetshenziswayo , ezomnotho kanye nobunjiniyela.

Umehluko phakathi kwendlela ye-simplex kanye nenguqulo yayo emibili

Indlela ye-dual simplex isetshenziswa ezimweni ezithile lapho kudingekile ukwandisa izinkinga ngemikhawulo eyengeziwe noma izinguquko kumapharamitha. Ngokungafani nendlela ejwayelekile, lena iqala ngesixazululo esikabili futhi isebenza ukuthola isisombululo esinokwenzeka.

Njengoba zihambisana, zombili lezi zindlela zokwenza izinto zandisa amathuba okuxazulula izinkinga, ziqinisekisa ukuguquguquka nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngisho nasezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Indlela ye-simplex ayilona nje ithuluzi lezibalo, kodwa ibhuloho elixhumanisa ithiyori nokusebenza. Ngendlela ehlelekile kanye nesisekelo esiqinile esinengqondo, ikuvumela ukuthi ubhekane nezinkinga ezibonakala ziyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela ecacile, ephumelelayo nephumelelayo.