Ukuphela kwe-Windows 10 ukwesekwa: Gcwalisa umhlahlandlela wokunquma ngesinyathelo sakho esilandelayo

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Ukuphela kokusekelwa kwe-Windows 10 kuseduze kakhulu kunalokho okubonakala, futhi kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo mayelana nezinsuku, izingozi, kanye nezinketho zangempela zokuhlala uvikelekile. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola konke okudingeka ukwazi ukuze wenze isinqumo esinolwazi : umugqa wesikhathi osemthethweni, ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuyeka ukuthola ama-patches, ukuthi ungafinyelela kanjani izibuyekezo ezengeziwe, kanye nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izindlela ongazisebenzisa uma ikhompyutha yakho ingakwazi ukuthuthukela ku-Windows 11.

Akuzona zonke izimo ezifanayo: eYurophu nase-United States, kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuthola unyaka owengeziwe wama-patches, futhi izinkampani zinezinhlelo ezithile kanye nendima yomphathi wokusekela ubuchwepheshe . Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ucabanga ukuthuthukisa imishini yakho noma ukwandisa impilo yesistimu yakho yamanje, kunezincomo ezisebenzayo mayelana nezinhlelo zememori, zokugcina, kanye nokushintshana/zokusebenzisa kabusha ezingakusiza wonge imali futhi unciphise imfucuza.

Izinsuku ezibalulekile zokuphela kwe Windows 10 ukwesekwa

I-Windows 10 ithole izibuyekezo ezinkulu iminyaka eminingi, kodwa umjikelezo wayo wokuphila usuyaphela ngezigaba ezimbili ezibalulekile. Eyokuqala ithinte inguqulo yokugcina, kanti eyesibili iphawula ukuphela kohlelo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela zombili izinsuku ngezinjongo zokuhlela.

• 11 Juni ka-2024: Ukuphela kosekelo lwe-Windows 10 21H2. Uma usekulelo gatsha, kunconyiwe ukuthi uthuthukele ku-22H2 noma nini uma kunokwenzeka ukuze kugcinwe amapeshi okuvikela.
• 14 Okthoba ka-2025: Ukuphela kosekelo lwe-Windows 10 22H2 (inguqulo yakamuva) kanjalo nesiphetho sempilo esesidlangalaleni se-Windows 10. Kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, ngeke kube nezibuyekezo zamahhala zokuphepha.

Lezi zinsuku zokugcina zithinta bonke abasebenzisi basekhaya nabebhizinisi. Uma isikhathi sokugcina sesidlulile, uhlelo lokusebenza luzoqhubeka luqale, kodwa luzoba sengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezingasakwazi ukulungiswa ngama-patches amahhala.

Kusho ukuthini ukuphela kokusekelwa

Uma umkhiqizo we-Microsoft ufinyelela esiphethweni sawo sokusekela, inkampani iyayeka ukukhipha ukuthuthukiswa nokulungiswa. Ku-Windows 10, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke kube khona izici ezintsha noma izibuyekezo zokuphepha , noma ngabe kutholakala ubuthakathaka obukhulu ngemva kosuku lokuphela kokusekela.

I-Windows 10 ayisatholi izici ezintsha, kodwa ithola ama-patches nyanga zonke. Ngaphandle kokusekelwa, amaphutha kanye nobuthakathaka besikhathi esizayo ngeke kulungiswe . Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa, okuhlanganisa nama-bootkit e-UEFI , ikakhulukazi uma uxhuma ikhompyutha yakho kwi-inthanethi, ufaka isofthiwe entsha, noma uphatha ulwazi olubucayi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzophawula nokuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kanye nezinto ezintsha ezisetshenziswayo ngeke zihambisane . Abathuthukisi babeka phambili izinguqulo ze-Windows ngokusekelwa kwamanje, ngakho ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zizolahlekelwa ukwesekwa kwe-Windows 10 ezinguqulweni zayo zakamuva.

Okubalulekile: Nakuba i-Windows 10 ingase isasebenza, ezindaweni ezidinga ukuphepha okuphezulu (ibhizinisi, imfundo, uhulumeni), ukugcina uhlelo olungakalungiswa akuyona inketho ehlakaniphile , futhi ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe okukude kuyanconywa . Ezindaweni zasekhaya, ingozi nayo iphakeme, futhi kufanelekile ukucabangela ezinye izindlela esizozibuyekeza ngezansi.

Izinketho ezisemthethweni zokuqhubeka nokuthola ama-patches ku Windows 10

I-Microsoft ivule izinketho zokwandisa ukulethwa kwezibuyekezo zokuphepha ze-Windows 10 isikhathi esilinganiselwe. Lezi zinketho ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesifunda kanye nohlobo lomsebenzisi (ikhaya noma ibhizinisi).

Unyaka owengeziwe wamahhala e-Europe

Abasebenzisi abase-European Economic Area banenzuzo: ngemuva kokungena ngemvume nge-akhawunti yabo ye-Microsoft kukhompyutha yabo, bangafinyelela unyaka owengeziwe wezibuyekezo zokuphepha zamahhala ze-Windows 10. Lesi sandiso siza ngemuva kwengcindezi evela ezinhlanganweni ezahlukahlukene zabathengi baseYurophu ezazifuna izigidi zabasebenzisi zingashiywa zingavikelekile.

Phakathi kwalezi zinhlelo, inhlangano yaseFrance i-Halte à l'Obsolescence Programmée (Stop Programmatic Obsolescence) icele ukulungiswa kwamahhala kuze kube ngu-2030 , kanti inhlangano yabathengi yaseJalimane ixwayise ngomthelela wenkululeko yokuzikhethela. Abathengi be-Euro bakhiphe nesitatimende esiqinisekisa imvume yenkampani yokunikeza lo nyaka owengeziwe wamahhala eYurophu.

I-United States: Izindlela ezimbili zamahhala nokukhetha nge-Windows Update

E-United States, iMicrosoft inikeza izindlela ezimbili zokuthola unyaka owengeziwe wokumbozwa kwamahhala: ukusekela emuva efwini usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Windows Backup noma usebenzise amaphuzu ayi-1.000 e-Microsoft Rewards. Abasebenzisi abakhethiwe ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe-Extended Security Updates (ESU) bazobona isaziso ku-Windows Update futhi bangakhetha inketho abayithandayo.

Le ndlela ihlose ukugcina ingxenye yabasebenzisi be-Windows 10 imboziwe ngenkathi ikhuthaza ukushintshela ku-Windows 11, ukulinganisela ukuphepha kanye nokusetshenziswa kohlelo lwakamuva.

Indlela yokukhokha: ESU yabantu ngabanye namabhizinisi

Ngaphezu kwezinketho zamahhala, kukhona ithuba lokukhokhela izibuyekezo zokuphepha ezinwetshiwe. Kubasebenzisi basekhaya, intengo yereferensi yomphakathi ingu-$30 ngonyaka owengeziwe wama-patches. Ezinhlanganweni, uhlelo lwe-ESU luvumela izibuyekezo ezifika eminyakeni emithathu, ngesakhiwo samanani esikhuphuka unyaka nonyaka.

Imininingwane ebalulekile: I-Windows 10 inikeza ukwesekwa okunwetshiwe kwe-Windows (ESU) kubasebenzisi ngabanye okokuqala ngqa . Kuze kube manje, lezi zandiso zazihloselwe kakhulu ezindaweni zebhizinisi. Kodwa-ke, lesi yisisombululo sesikhashana: isandiso asisikho isikhathi esingenamkhawulo, ngakho-ke ukuthuthela ohlelweni olusekelwayo kuzodingeka ekugcineni.

Ukuthenga i-Windows 11 I-PC: Ozakwethu, I-Recycling, kanye ne-Trade-In

Uma unquma ukuthuthukisa imishini yakho, i-Windows ecosystem inikeza izinhlelo zokuhweba nokuvuselela kabusha nabalingani abaningi , okuhlanganisa abakhiqizi kanye nabathengisi abakhulu, ukuze kube lula ukushintshela kwi-PC ye-Windows 11 futhi kunikeze idivayisi yakho impilo yesibili.

Phakathi kwama-OEM kukhona i-Acer, i-ASUS, i-Dell, i-HP, i-Lenovo, ne-Samsung, kanti abasabalalisi bomhlaba wonke bahlanganisa i-Best Buy, i-Boulanger, i-Costco, i-Currys, i-Elkjøp, i-Fnac, i-Harvey Norman, i-JB Hi-Fi, i-MediaMarkt & SATURN, i-Officeworks, i-Sharaf DG, ne-Walmart. Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo nezinkampani zinikeza izinhlelo zokushintshana lapho ungathola khona isaphulelo noma imbuyiselo yemali uma uthenga idivayisi entsha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Microsoft Trade-In Program ikuvumela ukuthi uphinde usebenzise i-PC yakho ngokuphephile nangokuzibophezela futhi uthole imali uma idivayisi yakho ifanelekile. Ngale ndlela, ungathola inani lemishini yakho esetshenzisiwe ngesiteshi esisemthethweni futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inqubo yokubuyisela nokuvuselela yenziwa ngokwezindinganiso ezifanele zemvelo.

Njengomthetho ojwayelekile lapho uxoxa ngokuthenga, khumbula ukuthi amanani angashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokuthi, kwezinye izimo, izixhumanisi ezithile zezentengiselwano zingase zenze ikhomishini . Uma ucabangela i-PC entsha, cabanga futhi ngokuthi inamakhono e-AI azinikele (ama-NPU) noma cha, ucabangele ukuphelelwa yisikhathi okungenzeka eminyakeni emi-3-5.

Thuthukisa noma usheshise ihadiwe yakho yamanje: izidingo nokuthuthukiswa okunconyiwe

Uma ikhompyutha yakho iyisimanje, ingase ihlangabezane nezimfuneko ze-Windows 11. Isici esikhawulela kakhulu yi -TPM 2.0 kanye nohlobo lweprosesa . Amakhompyutha amaningi ane-TPM kodwa ayisebenzi, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukuthi uhlole i-UEFI/BIOS bese uyivula uma ikhona.

Kumasistimu angahlangabezani nezidingo ezithile, kunezilungiselelo zokuvumela ukuthuthukiswa ngengozi yakho. I-Microsoft inikeza ukhiye wokubhalisa ovumela ukuthuthukiswa ezimweni ezingasekelwa. Uma ukhetha lo mzila, yenza isipele sedatha yakho futhi uqonde izingozi (uhlelo lwakho lungase lungatholi ukwesekwa okugcwele noma ezinye izici).

reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\Setup\MoSetup /f /v AllowUpgradesWithUnsupportedTPMorCPU /d 1 /t reg_dword

Kodwa-ke, kunemikhawulo: abanye abaprosesa abanazo iziqondiso ezidingekayo ze-Windows 11 , futhi akukho sixazululo. Kulezo zimo, kuzodingeka unamathele ku-Windows 10 (usebenzisa izinketho ze-ESU) noma ucabangele ezinye izindlela.

Uma ukhetha ukutshala imali ekuthuthukisweni okuthile, abakhiqizi abanjengoKingston batusa ukwandisa inkumbulo nokukhetha ama-SSD asheshayo ukuze unike uhlelo lwakho amandla. Njengereferensi, i-RAM engaphezu kuka-16 GB ithuthukisa imisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke, kanti i-32 GB iyafiseleka ezimweni lapho uhlela ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi ye-AI yendawo esikhathini esimaphakathi.

Ukuze kube nesitoreji, i-Windows 11 idinga okungenani ama-GB angu-64 ohlelweni, kodwa kungcono ukuthi ube ne-SSD enkulu, esheshayo engaphatha umthwalo wemisebenzi onzima . Ngale ndlela ungahlehlisa ukuthenga i-PC entsha kuze kube yilapho imakethe ikhula futhi amamodeli asebenzisa i-AI enikeza inani elingcono lemali.

Ezinye izindlela ngale kweMicrosoft: 0patch, LTSC nezinye izindlela

Kunezixazululo ezivela eceleni ezithembisa ukwandisa ukuphepha kwe-Windows 10 ngale kwesikhathi esisemthethweni. Esinye sezikhulumi ezikhulunywa kakhulu yi-0patch, ezinikele ekuhlinzekeni ama-micropatches ezingozini kuze kube ngu-2030. Kuyindlela ethokozisayo yezindawo ezithile, njalo uma ucabangela ukumbozwa kwayo kanye nemodeli yokwethenjwa.

Okunye okungenzeka ukucabangela i-Windows 10 LTSC, igatsha Lokusekela Lesikhathi Eside eliqondiswe kumadivayisi abalulekile noma ezimboni. Kodwa-ke, ilayisensi yayo kanye nemigomo yayo akwakhelwe umsebenzisi wasekhaya ojwayelekile, futhi kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela ukuthi iyafaneleka yini izidingo zakho.

Kulabo abangafuni ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-Windows, ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux kungaba inketho efanelekile, ikakhulukazi kumakhompyutha angahlangabezani nezimfuneko ze-Windows 11. Kodwa-ke, uma okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe ukugcina izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Windows kanye nemisebenzi yokusebenza , indlela ye-ESU kanye nokuthuthela ku-Windows 11 kuvame ukuba lula kakhulu.

Okwamanje, iziteshi zezindaba zobuchwepheshe zibika ukuthi iMicrosoft ibikezela ukuthi amakhompyutha azoba njani ngo-2030 kanye nokubaluleka kokuxhumana ngaphandle kokuthintana. Kukhona futhi izingcezu ezinolwazi mayelana nokuvela kweWindows kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo kuze kube namuhla , uma ungathanda ukubuka konke komlando ngenkathi uhlela isinyathelo sakho esilandelayo.

Ngingakwazi ukuqhubeka ngisebenzisa Windows 10 ngemva kokuphela kosekelo?

Yebo. Uma usuku lufika, i-PC yakho ye-Windows 10 izoqhubeka nokusebenza ; ngeke iphahlazeke noma ingasebenzi. Umehluko ukuthi ngeke usathola amanye ama-patch okuphepha wamahhala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingozi yokuhlaselwa izokwanda, futhi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zizoyeka ukuthola izibuyekezo zaleyo nguqulo ye-Windows.

Uma isabelomali sakho sincane futhi ungakwazi ukuthuthukisa ikhompyutha yakho noma uhlelo lokusebenza, cabanga ngokungathi sína ngezinketho zamahhala noma ezingabizi kakhulu zokugcina ama-patches okungenani unyaka owengeziwe (kuye ngesifunda sakho). Ukungenzi lutho kusho ukwamukela izingozi ezandayo , ikakhulukazi uma uphatha idatha ebucayi noma usebenza ku-inthanethi nsuku zonke.

Emkhakheni webhizinisi, ukungenzi lutho akukhuthazwa ngenxa yezizathu zokuthobela imithetho kanye nokuphepha. Khetha ama-Energy Savings Units (ama-ESU), ukufuduka okuhleliwe, kanye/noma ukuvuselelwa kancane kancane kwemikhumbi ngokusekelwe ezindleleni zobunikazi eziphelele.

Amadivayisi athintekile nobubanzi

Ukuphela kokusekelwa kuthinta wonke ama-PC asebenzisa i-Windows 10 , kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umenzi ungubani. Ukuze sikunike umbono wobubanzi, imigqa yemikhiqizo ye-Dell ifaka phakathi i-Alienware, i-Inspiron, i-Latitude, i-OptiPlex, i-Vostro, i-XPS, kanye ne-G Series, kanye nezindawo zokusebenza zedeskithophu nezeselula. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kubonisa iqiniso lokuthi sikhuluma ngezigidi zamadivayisi abathengi nawochwepheshe emhlabeni jikelele.

Uma unenye yalawa makhompyutha, izincomo ezikulesi sihloko zisebenza ngokulinganayo: buyekeza izinketho ze-ESU, cabanga ngokuthuthela ku-Windows 11 uma kungenzeka, noma hlola ukuthuthukiswa kwehadiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokushintshanisa/zokusebenzisa kabusha. Uhlobo noma imodeli ayishintshi isidingo sokuhlela.

Thuthukela ku-Windows 11 ngaphandle kokukhokha ilayisensi eyengeziwe

Uma i-PC yakho ihlangabezana nezidingo, ukuthuthukisa kusuka ku-Windows 10 kuya ku-Windows 11 kumahhala ngelayisensi yakho esebenzayo . Umfakisi uzobona ukusebenza, futhi ngeke kudingeke uthenge ukhiye omusha. Qiniseka ukuthi i-TPM 2.0 inikwe amandla ku-UEFI/BIOS nokuthi i-CPU yakho isohlwini olusekelwayo.

Kumadivayisi ane-TPM ekhutshaziwe, vele ufinyelele izilungiselelo ze-firmware bese uyivula (ngezinye izikhathi ibonakala njenge-fTPM noma i-PTT kuye ngomkhiqizi). Uma ungakahlangabezani nazo zonke izidingo, ikhambi elilodwa elingenzeka ukusebenzisa ukhiye wokubhalisa ukuvumela ukuthuthukiswa okungasekelwa, uqonda njalo ukuthi ungase ulahlekelwe iziqinisekiso ezithile zokusekela.

reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\Setup\MoSetup /f /v AllowUpgradesWithUnsupportedTPMorCPU /d 1 /t reg_dword

Uma ungenayo ilayisensi esemthethweni, ungacabangela i-Windows Insider Program ukuze ulande ukwakhiwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi (i-beta noma i-Release Preview). Uma kunjalo, khumbula ukuthi, uma uzama izinguqulo zakuqala , ungase uhlangane namaphutha nezinguquko ezivamile.

Thenga ngokuhlakanipha: I-AI yebo noma cha, kanye nendlela yokwelula isabelomali sakho

Uma ucabanga nge-PC entsha, inkinga "ye-AI PC" ingokoqobo. Amamodeli ane-NPU (i-Neural Processing Unit) avame ukubiza kakhulu futhi abe nezinkinga zokuhambisana ekuqaleni, kanti enye engenayo i-NPU ingase iphelelwe yisikhathi eminyakeni emi-3-5 uma izici ze-AI zendawo zisabalala kakhulu. Cabanga ngokusetshenziswa kwakho kanye nesikhathi ohlose ukusisebenzisa.

Kunoma ikuphi, ukuze kube noshintsho oluhlelekile noluqhubekayo, sekela isinqumo sakho ngezinhlelo zokuhweba nokuvuselela kabusha zama-OEM kanye nabathengisi abashiwo: i-Acer, i-ASUS, i-Dell, i-HP, i-Lenovo, i-Samsung, kanye nezinkampani ezifana ne-Best Buy, i-Boulanger, i-Costco, i-Currys, i-Elkjøp, i-Fnac, i-Harvey Norman, i-JB Hi-Fi, i-MediaMarkt & SATURN, i-Officeworks, i-Sharaf DG kanye ne-Walmart.

Futhi khumbula, ngenkathi imakethe yama-PC asebenzisa i-AI ivuthwa, ungathuthukisa umshini wakho wamanje nge-RAM eyengeziwe kanye ne-SSD ukuze wandise isikhathi sawo sokuphila. Ukusuka ku-8 kuya ku-16 noma ku-32 GB kwenza umehluko omkhulu uma usebenza ngamathebhu amaningi, wenza ukuhlela ividiyo okuyisisekelo, noma usebenzisa amathuluzi asizwa yi-AI.

Njengomkhuba ojwayelekile, abahlaziyi abaningana bakhomba eminyakeni eyishumi enezindlela ezintsha zokuxhumana ngaphandle kokuthinta (izwi, ukushukuma komzimba, i-AI ehambisana nomongo). Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isinqumo sakho sithini ngokushesha, kungcono ukungasheshi ukwenza noma yini futhi uvumelanise ukuthenga kwakho nezidingo zangempela zeminyaka ezayo.

I-Windows 10 ingena ezigabeni zayo zokugcina ngezinketho zalabo abadinga isikhathi esengeziwe (mahhala eYurophu noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile e-US, futhi ikhokhelwa nge-ESU). Uma une-PC ehambisanayo, ukuthuthukela ku-Windows 11 kulula futhi kumahhala; uma kungenjalo, kukhona ukuthuthukiswa kwehadiwe, izinhlelo zokushintshanisa, kanye nezindlela ezihlukile ezikuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwakho.