Cishe sekwenzekile kuwe izikhathi eziyinkulungwane: othile uza endlini yakho, akubingelele, futhi ngaphambi kokuba umnike ngisho nengilazi yamanzi, usevele ecela iphasiwedi yakho ye-Wi-Fi . Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyisenzo esingenangozi nesijwayelekile emphakathini wethu oxhumene kakhulu, ukwembula iphasiwedi yakho eyinhloko yenethiwekhi kufana nokunikeza umuntu ikhophi yezihluthulelo zakho zendlu . Awugcini nje ngokumnika ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi; uvula umnyango wobumfihlo bakho bedijithali.
Ukuze ugweme lezi zimanga ezingathandeki ngenkathi usasebenza njengomsingathi omuhle, ikhambi elifanele ukusetha inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi yezivakashi . Empeleni, idala indawo yokufinyelela ehlukile evumela ukuphequlula iwebhu kodwa igcine izivakashi kuhlobo oluthile lwebhamuza, izivimbe ekuhloleni amafolda akho abelwe wona, i-NAS yakho, noma enye idivayisi exhunywe kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo. Kuyindlela ehlakaniphile kakhulu yokuhlanganisa ukungenisa izihambi nokuphepha kwe-cyber.
Kungani ukwabelana ngenethiwekhi yakho eyinhloko kuyingozi?
Uma umuntu exhuma kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo, idivayisi yakhe iba yingxenye yesistimu yakho yendawo. Inkinga ivela uma leyo foni noma i-laptop ine- Trojan noma i-malware efakiwe ngaphandle kolwazi lomnikazi. Amaningi alawa magciwane aklanyelwe ukusabalala ngokuzenzakalelayo kunethiwekhi yendawo, ezama ukuthelela konke ahlangana nakho, kusukela kuma-laptop omsebenzi kuya kuma-consoles emidlalo yevidiyo noma kumathelevishini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unezinhlelo zokugcina inethiwekhi noma ama-hard drive abiwe asetshenzisiwe, umuntu onamakhono afanele (noma isofthiwe enonya) angafinyelela idatha yakho yangasese . Ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yezivakashi, udala isithiyo esingenakugwenywa: isivakashi sinokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi, kodwa asibonakali kwamanye amadivayisi akho.
Izinzuzo zokuba nendawo yezivakashi
Ngaphandle kokuphepha okusobala, kunezinzuzo ezisebenzayo ezenza impilo yakho ibe lula. Okokuqala, ulawula ngokuphelele iphasiwedi ; ungasetha iphasiwedi elula okulula ukuyikhumbula futhi uyishintshe ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphandle kokudinga ukulungisa kabusha wonke amadivayisi ekhaya lakho.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuphathwa kokusebenza. Kuye nge-router yakho, ungasebenzisa imithetho ye-Quality of Service (QoS) ukuze unciphise i-bandwidth esetshenziswa yizivakashi. Lokhu kuvimbela othile ekulandeni amafayela amakhulu futhi anciphise isivinini sakho ngenkathi uzama ukusebenza noma ukudlala ku-inthanethi. Futhi yindawo efanelekile yokuxhuma amadivayisi e-IoT , njengalawo achazwe kulesi siqondiso sokwenza okuzenzakalelayo kwasekhaya kanye ne-Home Assistant , avame ukuba nokuphepha okubi kakhulu futhi ayinhloso ethandwayo yama-botnets.
Umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo wokusetha inethiwekhi yezivakashi
Nakuba uhlobo ngalunye lwe-router lunomklamo walo, inqubo ivame ukufana kakhulu cishe kuwo wonke amamodeli amanje. Udinga nje isiphequluli sewebhu kanye nemizuzu embalwa yesikhathi sakho:
- Ukufinyelela kwephaneli yokulawula: Vula isiphequluli sakho bese Finyelela i-router yakho ukuze ulungiselele i-WiFi yakho. ngokufaka ikheli le-IP lesango. Ngokuvamile kuba I-192.168.1.1 o-192.168.0.1Uma kungasebenzi, hlola isitika ngaphansi kwe-router noma ubheke incwadi yemiyalelo.
- Ukufakazelwa ubuqiniso: Faka igama lomsebenzisi lomlawuli nephasiwedi. Uma ungakaze uzisebenzise ngaphambili, zivame ukuba yizinto ezijwayelekile, njengokuthi umphathi noma impandeNokho, kungcono ukuzishintsha ngokushesha ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha.
- Indawo yenketho: Bheka kumenyu izigaba ezibizwa ngokuthi "Inethiwekhi Yezivakashi", "Indawo Yezivakashi" noma "Izilungiselelo Ezingenantambo"Kwamanye ama-router esimanje, le nketho isivele ikhona kumenyu yezilungiselelo eziyinhloko.
- Ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-SSID: Nika inethiwekhi igama (isibonelo, "Izivakashi_ze-WiFi"). I-SSID Leli yigama elizobonwa yizivakashi uma zifuna amanethiwekhi atholakalayo.
- Ukuphepha Nokubethela: Khetha iphasiwedi eqinile, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, khetha indlela yakho yokuqinisekisa I-WPA2 noma ngaphezuluGwema ukubethela kwe-WEP noma kwe-WPA ngazo zonke izindlela, njengoba sekuphelelwe yisikhathi futhi kulula ukukugqekeza.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi: Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ibhokisi elithi "Hlukanisa amaklayenti" noma "Vimba ukufinyelela kwe-intranet"Yilokhu okuqinisekisa ukuthi izivakashi azikwazi ukuxhumana namanye amadivayisi akho noma ukufinyelela izilungiselelo zerutha.
Ngokuphathelene nebhendi yemvamisa, inketho ewusizo kakhulu ukumisa inethiwekhi yezivakashi kubhendi ye-2,4 GHz . Nakuba ihamba kancane kunebhendi ye-5 GHz, iyona ehambisana kakhulu nazo zonke izinhlobo zamafoni namathebulethi, okuvimbela noma yiziphi izivakashi ukuthi zithole ukuthi azikwazi ukufinyelela inethiwekhi yakho.
Amaphutha avamile namathiphu okulungisa
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle, gwema ukushiya inethiwekhi yakho ivuliwe ngaphandle kwephasiwedi, njengoba lokhu kuzodalula uxhumano lwakho kunoma yimuphi umakhelwane noma umuntu odlulayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukubuyekeza i-firmware ye-router yakho njalo, njengoba abakhiqizi bekhipha ama-patches ukuvala ubuthakathaka bokuphepha obungavumela abahlaseli ukuthi bagweme ukuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi yezivakashi.
Uma unebhizinisi noma ihhovisi elinethrafikhi ephezulu, ungase ufune ukuya phambili futhi ulungiselele ama-VLAN kanye nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi, noma ama-portal abanjwe—lawo makhasi okubhalisa avela emahhotela noma ezikhumulweni zezindiza. Ukuze kuqashwe ukuthi ubani oxhumene ngesikhathi sangempela, kunezindlela ezifana ne -Acrylic Wi-Fi Analyzer noma i-NetAlertX, ezikuvumela ukuthi uthole abahlaseli noma amadivayisi angaziwa kunethiwekhi yakho.
Ukuba nenethiwekhi yesibili ye-Wi-Fi kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina ikhaya lakho lixhunyiwe futhi liphephile. Ngokuhlukanisa ithrafikhi kumadivayisi akho siqu kwezivakashi kanye nezinto zikagesi ezihlakaniphile, ususa ama-vector ahlaselayo avame kakhulu, uvikele ulwazi lwakho olubucayi , futhi uphatha i-bandwidth yakho ngenkululeko ephelele, uqinisekisa ukuthi inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya ihlala iyindawo eyimfihlo nephephile.
