Iyini indlela ye-Kanban

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Emhlabeni wokuphathwa kwephrojekthi kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo, indlela yokwenza ye-Kanban ithole ukuduma okukhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje. Kuyindlela ebonakalayo nesebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu yokuphathwa kokuhamba komsebenzi eyaqalwa embonini yokukhiqiza yaseJapan. Kodwa iyiphi indlela ye-Kanban futhi ingazuzisa kanjani inhlangano yakho? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi iyini indlela ye-Kanban, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nokuthi ingasetshenziswa kanjani ezimeni ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke zilungiselele ukugxumela emhlabeni othakazelisayo we-Kanban.

Iyini indlela ye-Kanban?

I-Kanban iyindlela yokuphatha amaphrojekthi ngokushesha kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo esebenzisa amabhodi namakhadi abonakalayo ukuze kubonwe futhi kulawulwe ukuhamba komsebenzi. Igama elithi "Kanban" lingesiJapane futhi lisho "ikhadi elibonakalayo" noma "irekhodi elibonakalayo." Le ndlela yaqala ngawo-1940 efektri yezimoto zakwaToyota njengengxenye ye- Toyota Production System , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Lean Manufacturing.

Isebenza kanjani indlela ye-Kanban

Indlela yokwenza ye-Kanban isekelwe kumgomo oyisisekelo wokukhawulela inani lomsebenzi oqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba komsebenzi ngokusekelwe kumthamo weqembu. Ngokungafani nezinye izindlela ezinqunyiwe, i-Kanban igxile esimisweni "sokuqala lapho ukhona" futhi ivumela amaqembu ukuthi athathe kancane kancane ushintsho ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwendlela ye-Kanban kungafingqwa ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuboniswa kokugeleza komsebenzi: Ibhodi le-Kanban lisetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo imisebenzi noma izinto zomsebenzi ezigabeni ezihlukene zokuqhubeka. Ibhodi lihlukaniswe ngamakholomu amelela izigaba zokuhamba komsebenzi, njengokuthi “Okufanele Ukwenze,” “Kuyaqhubeka,” kanye “Kuqediwe.” Umsebenzi ngamunye umelelwa amakhadi noma okuthunyelwe kwawo.
2. Imikhawulo yomsebenzi oqhubekayo: Imikhawulo yomsebenzi oqhubekayo isethwe kukholomu ngayinye yebhodi le-Kanban. Le mikhawulo isiza ukulawula inani lomsebenzi ongenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi ivimbele ukugcwala kwemishini.
3. Donsa ukuhamba komsebenzi: Esikhundleni sokunikeza imisebenzi kumalungu eqembu kusenesikhathi, u-Kanban usebenzisa indlela "yokudonsa", okusho ukuthi amalungu eqembu athatha imisebenzi emisha ebhodini le-Kanban njengoba enekhono lokuyisebenza. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ithimba ligxila emsebenzini owodwa ngesikhathi futhi kuvimbele ukusalela emuva kwemisebenzi engakaqedwa.
4. ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo: I-Kanban ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo ngokubuyekezwa okujwayelekile kokuhamba komsebenzi kanye nokuhlonza izindawo okumele zithuthukiswe. Amaqembu angasebenzisa amamethrikhi nedatha ukuze ahlaziye ukusebenza kanye yenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nendlela yokuthuthukisa ukuhamba komsebenzi nokunciphisa izingqinamba.

Izinzuzo zendlela yokwenza ye-Kanban

Indlela yokwenza ye-Kanban inikezela ngenani lezinzuzo ezinhlanganweni eziyithathayo. Ezinye zezinzuzo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

1. Ukubonakala okungcono nokungafihli lutho: I-Kanban inikeza umbono ocacile, obonakalayo wokuhamba komsebenzi kanye nesimo somsebenzi. Lokhu kuvumela wonke amalungu eqembu ukuthi abe nokuqonda okufanayo ngalokho okwenziwayo nokuthi umsebenzi ngamunye ukusiphi isigaba.
2. Ukusebenza kahle okukhulu: Al nciphisa umsebenzi iyaqhubeka futhi ithuthukise ukugeleza komsebenzi, i-Kanban isiza ukugwema ukugcwala futhi inciphisa izikhathi zokulinda. Lokhu kuholela ekusebenzeni kahle okukhulu ku ukulethwa kwephrojekthi kanye nemisebenzi.
3. Ukuvumelana nezimo nokuvumelana nezimo: I-Kanban iyindlela evumelana nezimo kakhulu evumela amaqembu ukuthi azivumelanise nezinguquko nezinto ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sangempela. Inganqunyelwe ukugijima okugxilile noma ukuphindaphinda, i-Kanban inika amandla ukuphendula okukhulu ekushintsheni izimfuno zebhizinisi.
4. Ukuhlonzwa kusenesikhathi kwezinkinga: Ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukuhamba komsebenzi ebhodini le-Kanban kwenza kube lula ukubona izinkinga nezingqinamba kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kuvumela amaqembu ukuthi alungise izinkinga futhi athathe izinyathelo zokulungisa ngaphambi kokuthi abe nomthelela omubi kuphrojekthi.
5. ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo: Indlela ye-Kanban ikhuthaza isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ngokunikeza indlela ehlelekile yokuhlaziya ukuhamba komsebenzi nokubheka amathuba okuthuthukisa. Lokhu kusiza amaqembu ukuthi akhombe futhi asuse ukungcola, athuthukise ukukhiqiza futhi alethe inani elikhulu kumakhasimende.

Isetshenziswa kanjani indlela ye-Kanban ezimeni ezahlukahlukene

Indlela yokwenza ye-Kanban ingasetshenziswa ezimweni ezahlukahlukene futhi ayikhawulelwe kuphela emkhakheni wokukhiqiza. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zendlela i-Kanban engasetshenziswa ngayo ezindaweni ezahlukene:

Ukuthuthukiswa kweSoftware

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe kungenye yezinkambu lapho iKanban ibone khona ukwamukelwa kabanzi. Kulesi simo, iKanban ingasetshenziswa ukubona ngeso lengqondo nokulawula imisebenzi nezigaba zomjikelezo wokuphila kokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe, njengokuhlaziya, ukuklama, ukuthuthukisa, ukuhlola, kanye nokusabalalisa. Amaqembu okuthuthukisa angasebenzisa ibhodi leKanban ukubona ngeso lengqondo imisebenzi elindile, eqhubekayo, kanye neqediwe, okusiza ukugcina ukuhamba komsebenzi okusebenzayo nokusobala.

Ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi

Ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi, i-Kanban ingasetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo nokuphatha imisebenzi nemisebenzi ezigabeni ezihlukene zephrojekthi. Amaqembu ephrojekthi angasebenzisa ibhodi le-Kanban ukuze abone ngeso lengqondo imisebenzi okufanele yenziwe, imisebenzi eqhubekayo, nemisebenzi eqediwe, enze kube lula ukuxhumana nokusebenzisana phakathi kwamalungu eqembu. Ukwengeza, i-Kanban ingasiza ekuboneni izingqinamba futhi ilinganise umsebenzi phakathi kwamalungu eqembu.

Ukuphathwa Kwezinsizakalo

Ekuphathweni kwezinsizakalo , i-Kanban ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha nokuthuthukisa ukulethwa kwezinsizakalo ngempumelelo. Isibonelo, ekusekelweni kobuchwepheshe, ithimba lingasebenzisa i-Kanban ukubona ngeso lengqondo nokuphatha izicelo zamakhasimende, kusukela ekutholeni kuya ekuxazululweni. I-Kanban isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izicelo zixazululwa ngokushesha nokuthi akukho misebenzi engaxazululwa eqoqanayo.

Ukuphathwa kokusebenza

Emkhakheni wokuphathwa kokusebenza, i-Kanban ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha nokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokusebenza. Isibonelo, endaweni yokukhiqiza, i-Kanban ingasetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo nokulawula ukuhamba kokukhiqiza, kusukela ekwamukelweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuya ekulethweni kwezimpahla eziqediwe. Lokhu kusiza ukugwema ukufakwa kwempahla okweqile futhi kuqinisekiswe ukukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo, okungaphazamiseki.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuthi iyini indlela ye-Kanban

1. Yini ehlukanisa i-Kanban kwezinye izindlela ezishesha njengeScrum?

I-Kanban ne-Scrum ziyizindlela ezimbili ezihlukene kodwa ezihambisanayo zokuguquguquka. Ngenkathi i-Scrum isekelwe ekuphindaphindweni okuhleliwe okubizwa ngokuthi ama-sprints, i-Kanban isekelwe ekugelezeni okuqhubekayo kanye nokuphendula ekushintsheni. I-Scrum ifaneleka kangcono kumaphrojekthi anezidingo ezichazwe kahle kanye nezinsuku zokugcina, kuyilapho i-Kanban iguquguquka kakhudlwana futhi ingazivumelanisa kangcono namaphrojekthi lapho izidingo zingabikezeleki khona noma zishintsha njalo.

2. Hlobo luni lwamaqembu angazuza endleleni ye-Kanban?

Indlela yokwenza ye-Kanban ingazuzisa amaqembu amaningi ahlukahlukene nezinhlangano, ngaphandle kokunaka usayizi noma imboni. Amaqembu okuthuthukisa isofthiwe, amaqembu ephrojekthi, amaqembu okusebenza, amaqembu okukhangisa, namaqembu esevisi yamakhasimende, phakathi kokunye, angazuza ngokubonakala, ukusebenza kahle, nokuguquguquka okunikezwa yi-Kanban.

3. Ingabe kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amathuluzi athile ukuze usebenzise i-Kanban?

Akudingekile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi athile ukuze usebenzise i-Kanban. Ungaqala ngokusebenzisa i-Kanban ngesandla usebenzisa ibhodi eliphathekayo namakhadi noma okuthunyelwe kwayo. Nokho, kunamathuluzi amaningi aku-inthanethi angenza ukusebenzisa nokuphatha i-Kanban kube lula, njenge-Trello, iJira, i-Asana, ne-Microsoft Planner. Lawa mathuluzi anikeza izici ezengeziwe, ezifana nekhono lokwabela imisebenzi, ukubeka izinsuku zokugcina, nokuhlanganyela ku-inthanethi.

4. Ukusebenza kukalwa kanjani ku-Kanban?

E-Kanban, amamethrikhi asetshenziselwa ukukala nokuhlola ukusebenza kokugeleza komsebenzi. Amanye amamethrikhi avamile ahlanganisa isikhathi somjikelezo (isikhathi esisithathayo ukuqeda umsebenzi kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekupheleni), isikhathi sokuphendula (isikhathi esisithathayo ukuphendula isicelo kusukela lapho sitholwa), kanye nokusebenza kahle kokugeleza (isilinganiso sesikhathi somsebenzi ukuya kungqikithi yesikhathi). Lawa mamethrikhi angasiza ekuhlonzeni izingqinamba, ahlole ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komhlahlandlela.

5. Yiziphi izimiso eziyisisekelo ze-Kanban?

Izimiso eziyisisekelo zeKanban zifaka phakathi ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukunciphisa umsebenzi oqhubekayo, indlela yokudonsa, ukuphathwa kwenqubomgomo okucacile, kanye nokukhuthaza intuthuko eqhubekayo . Lezi zimiso zakha isisekelo sendlela yeKanban futhi zisiza amaqembu ukuthi afinyelele ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, ukucaca, kanye nokuguquguquka emsebenzini wawo.

6. Kungenzeka yini ukuhlanganisa i-Kanban nezinye izindlela noma izindlela?

Yebo, i-Kanban ingahlanganiswa nezinye izindlela noma izindlela, njengeScrum noma iLean. Eqinisweni, izinhlangano eziningi zisebenzisa indlela eyingxube ehlanganisa imikhuba egugile ehlukahlukene ukuze ihambisane nezidingo zabo ezithile. Okubalulekile ukuqonda imigomo nezinqubo eziwumongo zendlela ngayinye futhi uzivumelanise ngokuqhubekayo ukuze uzuze imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Isiphetho sokuthi iyini indlela ye-Kanban

Indlela yokwenza ye-Kanban inikeza indlela esebenza kahle kakhulu, ebonakalayo ekulawuleni ukugeleza komsebenzi ezimeni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokubuka umsebenzi, ukukhawulela umsebenzi oqhubekayo, nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza komsebenzi, i-Kanban isiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, obala, nokuguquguquka kwamaqembu nezinhlangano. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusekuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe, ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi, ekuphathweni kwesevisi, noma ekuphathweni kokusebenza, i-Kanban ingakusiza ukuthi uqondise izinqubo zakho futhi ilethe inani elikhulu kumakhasimende akho. Ngakho-ke kungani ungazami i-Kanban futhi ubone ukuthi ingashintsha kanjani indlela osebenza ngayo?