- Ukusetshenziswa kwehadiwe elungiselelwe njenge-Raspberry Pi 4 noma 5 enamakhadi e-SD ekilasi le-A2 ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza.
- Ukuqaliswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-HAOS ukuze kube lula ukuphathwa kwezengezo nezibuyekezo.
- Inqubo yokufaka elula kusetshenziswa i-Raspberry Pi Imager noma i-Balena Etcher.
- Ukucushwa kokufinyelela ngenethiwekhi yendawo kanye nokwenza ngcono kusetshenziswa i-IP engaguquki.
Uma uthanda umqondo wokuba nokulawula okuphelele ekhaya lakho ngaphandle kokuthembela kumasevisi efu angaphandle noma ama-closed hubs akhuluma ulimi lwawo kuphela, ukusetha iseva ye-Home Assistant ku-Raspberry Pi kumane kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu ongasenza. Kuyindlela engabizi futhi eguquguqukayo kakhulu yokufaka phakathi zonke izibani zakho, izinzwa, namakhamera endaweni eyodwa, okukuvumela ukuthi udale okuzenzakalelayo okwenza ikhaya lakho libonakale sengathi liyinto evela ku-movie yesayensi.
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi awudingi ukuba uchwepheshe wekhompyutha ukuze ufeze lokhu. Ngokubekezela okuncane kanye nehadiwe efanele, ungasuka ebhodini lesifunda elingenalutho uye ekuphatheni yonke i-ecosystem yakho ye-automation yasekhaya kusuka kufoni yakho ephathekayo ngemizuzu embalwa. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi , kusukela kuzingxenye okufanele uzithenge kuya endleleni yokulungisa lawo maphutha amancane ngezinye izikhathi asicasula ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Imishini edingekayo: Yisiphi i-hardware okufanele uyikhethe?
Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale ukufaka isofthiwe, sidinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo siqinile. Nakuba kunezinketho eziningana, i -Raspberry Pi 4 kanye ne-5 zingamaqhawe angenakuphikiswa ngenxa yokulinganisela kwazo phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamandla nokusebenza. Nakuba i-Pi 4 yanele kakhulu emakhaya aphakathi nendawo, i-Pi 5 iyirokhethi yangempela ngenxa yeprosesa yayo esheshayo, okubonakala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuphendula kwedatha kanye nokuqala kwezengezo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle, unganciphisi i-RAM; kungcono ukhethe imodeli okungenani engu-4GB noma engu-8GB , yize u-2GB anganele ukuqala. Ngokuphathelene nendawo yokugcina, khohlwa ngamakhadi e-SD ashibhile. Funa ikhadi le-microSD le-Class 2 (A2) okungenani elingu-32GB, njengoba lawa enzelwe ukufunda nokubhala amafayela amancane njalo, okuyilokho kanye okwenziwa yi-Home Assistant.
- Ukudla Okusemthethweni: Ungasebenzisi amashaja efoni ajwayelekile. I-Pi 4 idinga i-5V/3A kanti i-Pi 5 idinga ugesi we-27W PD ukuvimbela ukuqalisa kabusha okungahleliwe.
- Ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi: Nakuba i-Wi-Fi ilula, ikhebula le-ethernet Kuyimpoqo ngesikhathi sokufakwa futhi kunconywa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ngenxa yokuqina kwayo.
- Izinsiza ezengeziwe: Isifundi sekhadi le-SD, futhi uma ufuna ukuphepha, ikhebula le-HDMI kanye nesikrini sokubona ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma uhlelo lungaqali.
Izinhlobo zokufaka: Yikuphi okungcono kakhulu?
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokusetha uhlelo, kodwa kubasebenzisi abaningi, inketho enconywayo yi- Home Assistant Operating System (HAOS) . Luhlelo lokusebenza oluncane, oluvaliwe, oluklanyelwe ngqo ukusebenzisa i-Home Assistant ecosystem. Inzuzo yalo eyinhloko ukuthi luhlanganisa i-Supervisor , ephatha izibuyekezo futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ufake izinhlelo zokusebenza noma izengezo zenkampani yangaphandle ngaphandle kokubhekana nobunzima nge-terminal ye-Linux.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona inguqulo ye -Home Assistant Container . Lokhu kulungele labo asebevele beneseva ye-Docker futhi abakhetha ukuphatha uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwabo. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi le nguqulo ayisekeli i-Supervisor noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu, okusho ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi njenge-Z-Wave noma i-Thread kudinga ukucushwa ngesandla okukhathazayo kakhulu.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo: Ukurekhoda uhlelo ekhadini le-SD
Indlela elula yokwenza ikhaya lakho lisebenze ukusebenzisa ithuluzi le- Raspberry Pi Imager . Okokuqala, lilande bese ulifaka kukhompyutha yakho. Uma selivuliwe, inqubo ilula kakhulu: khetha imodeli yebhodi lakho (Pi 4 noma 5), iya esigabeni esithi Okunye uhlelo lokusebenza oluthile , thola isigaba sokwenza okuzenzakalelayo kwekhaya, bese ukhetha umsizi wekhaya.
Uma ngesizathu esithile i-Imager ingasebenzi kuwe, noma ukhetha indlela yakudala, ungalanda isithombe esisemthethweni endaweni yokugcina izithombe ye-GitHub bese usikhanyisa usebenzisa i-Balena Etcher . Mane nje ufake ikhadi le-SD, ukhethe ifayela elilandiwe, bese uchofoza i-flash. Khumbula ukuthi konke okuqukethwe yikhadi kuzosulwa , ngakho qiniseka ukuthi awunalutho olubalulekile kulo.
Ukuqala kanye nokucushwa kokuqala
Uma ikhadi selilungile, lifake ku-Raspberry Pi, xhuma ikhebula le-Ethernet ku-router, bese ekugcineni, uxhume amandla . Kusukela lapha, uhlelo luzoqala ukuzilungiselela. Kumamodeli e-Pi 4 noma 5, lokhu kuvame ukuthatha cishe umzuzu, yize kungahluka kuye ngesivinini sekhadi lakho.
Ukuze ufinyelele iphaneli yokulawula, vula isiphequluli ku-PC yakho noma kudivayisi yeselula (exhunywe kunethiwekhi efanayo) bese uthayipha ikheli elithi http://homeassistant.local:8123 . Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, kuzodingeka uthole ikheli le-IP i-router yakho elinikeze i-Pi. Uma usungene ngemvume, umsizi uzokuqondisa ekudaleni i-akhawunti yakho yomlawuli, echaza indawo yekhaya lakho, kanye nokukhetha imali yakho kanye nesistimu yokukhokha.
Amathiphu kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga
Ngezinye izikhathi izinto azisebenzi okokuqala. Uma kudlula imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5 futhi ungakaboni isikhombikubona sewebhu, kungenzeka ukuthi isithombe asigcinwanga kahle noma ikhadi le-SD linephutha. Zama ukukhanyisa ikhadi futhi noma uzame elinye elihlukile. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, xhuma i-monitor nge-HDMI ukuze ufunde amalogi esistimu bese ukhomba inkinga eqondile.
Icebiso legolide lokugwema izinhlungu zekhanda zesikhathi esizayo ukumisa ikheli le-IP elingaguquki ku-router yakho. Ngale ndlela, ikheli leseva yakho ngeke lishintshe njalo lapho i-router iqala kabusha, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufinyelela kwakho kwangaphandle nezilungiselelo zisebenza njalo. Kubasebenzisi be-Pi 5, intuthuko enkulu ukuhambisa isitoreji kusuka ekhadini le-SD kuya ku -SSD nge-PCIe , okwandisa kakhulu ukuphendula kohlelo.
Ukuba nesikhungo sokulawula esisebenzisa i-home automation esisekelwe kwi-hardware ye-Raspberry Pi kanye ne-software ye-HAOS kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwamadivayisi avela kumikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kuqeda ukuthembela kuma-hub azimele. Kusukela ekukhetheni ibhodi le-A2 kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile, kuya ekukhanyeni nge-Raspberry Pi Imager, kuya ekulungiseleleni ikheli le-IP elingaguquki, yonke imininingwane ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhaya lakho elihlakaniphile lisebenza kahle futhi linobumfihlo obukhulu.