- Ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokubona izinto olusekelwe ekuqoqweni kwezilinganiso zesikhathi kanye nokubonakala kwazo ngezithombe.
- Ukufakwa kwama-ejenti athile okuthumela kwamanye amazwe ezindaweni ze-GNU/Linux kanye ne-Windows ukuze kuthathwe idatha yesistimu.
- Amasu okukhuliswa athuthukisiwe asebenzisa i-Thanos ne-VictoriaMetrics ukuze kugcinwe idatha enkulu.
Namuhla, ukuqaphela okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yethu yobuchwepheshe akuyona into yokunethezeka, kodwa kuyinto edingekayo ngokuphelele. Ukuqapha uhlelo okuqhubekayo kusenza sikwazi ukubona izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzisi wokugcina aqaphele noma yini engalungile, okuvimbela iphutha elincane ukuthi lingakhuli libe ukungasebenzi kwesevisi okuphelele okusigcina silele ebusuku.
Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, kusetshenziswe inhlanganisela ephumelelayo: ukuhlanganiswa kukaPrometheus noGrafana. Ngenkathi eyokuqala iqoqa futhi igcine amamethrikhi kusizindalwazi sochungechunge lwesikhathi, eyokugcina inikeza isikhombikubona esinamandla esibonakalayo esiguqula lezo zinombolo zibe amagrafu aqondakala kalula.
Izisekelo zokuqapha kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni
Uma sikhuluma ngokuqapha okusebenzayo, sisho ukungalindi ukuthi iseva iphahlazeke ngaphambi kokuthatha isinyathelo. Indlela yokuqapha i-Application Performance Management (APM) ikuvumela ukuthi ubone yonke indlela isicelo esiyithathayo, ukuthola izithiyo noma amaphutha okusebenza ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba, ngokomlando, sisuke ekuhloleni izinkomba zomzimba ngesandla ngawo-80 saya ekusebenziseni amathuluzi azenzakalelayo manje asinika umbono ophelele wengqalasizinda.
Ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokuqapha akugcini nje ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa izindleko zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze konke kusebenze kahle, ukuphathwa kwe-API okuphumelelayo kubalulekile , kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuyandiswa futhi kuphephile, ngaleyo ndlela kuhambisana nesu lokuqapha.
Ukwakha isitaki: uPrometheus noGrafana ku-Linux
Ukuze sisebenzise lolu hlelo endaweni ye-Linux, sidinga izingxenye ezintathu ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, i- prometheus-node-exporter , enesibopho sokushicilela amamethrikhi esistimu ku-port 9100. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi, kwezinye izabelo ezifana ne-Ubuntu, umqoqi kadoti wesistimu angakhiqiza idatha eyeqile (i-cardinality ephezulu), ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi kuyalulekwa ukukhubaza abaqoqi abathile abasebenzisa i-Ansible ukuze bagweme ukulayisha ngokweqile uhlelo, ngokulandela umhlahlandlela ophelele wokwenza ngcono iseva ye-Linux.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo iseva ye-Prometheus, lapho silungiselela khona ifayela prometheus.ymlYilapho sikutshela khona ngqo ukuthi yimiphi imishini okufanele iqashwe ukuchaza scrape_configs kanye nezinhloso (ama-IP nama-port). Uma uPrometheus eqala ukuqoqa idatha njalo ngemizuzwana embalwa, iGrafana iyaqala ukusebenza. Leli thuluzi livame ukufakwa kusetshenziswa amaphakheji e-.deb futhi lisivumela ukuthi sikwazi xhuma i-Prometheus njengomthombo wedatha bese ungenisa amadeshibhodi aklanywe kusengaphambili asisindisa umsebenzi wokudala ishadi ngalinye kusukela ekuqaleni.
Inketho esheshayo nge-Docker Compose
Uma ungafuni ukubhekana nokufakwa ngesandla, ungasetha yonke indawo usebenzisa izitsha. Sisebenzisa ifayela le-docker-compose.yml , singahlela isithombe se-Prometheus, isithombe se-Grafana, kanye ne-Node Exporter kunethiwekhi efanayo ebonakalayo. Ukuze uvimbele ukulahleka kwedatha lapho isitsha siqala kabusha, kubalulekile ukumisa amavolumu okuphikelela ohlelweni lwefayela lomsingathi.
Kulokhu kusetha, ukucushwa kulula kakhulu. Singasebenzisa amafayela e-YAML ukuze sihlinzeke ngokuzenzakalelayo imithombo yedatha kaGrafana , sigweme isidingo sokufinyelela isikhombimsebenzisi sewebhu ukuze silungiselele i-URL ye-Prometheus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubasebenzisi abathuthukile, kunezinketho ekucushweni kwe-JSON ezivumela ukushintsha indlela yombuzo ibe yi-POST noma ukuphatha izexwayiso ngqo kusuka ku-Grafana.
Ukwandisa ukuqapha ezindaweni ze-Windows
Akuyona yonke into emhlabeni wezinkampani eyi-Linux; i-Windows ihlala iyinsika ezikhungweni eziningi zedatha. Ukuze sihlanganise lawa maseva e-Windows azinikele , sisebenzisa i- windows_exporter , eveza izibalo ku-port 9182. Inqubo iyafana: sifaka i-ejenti emshinini we-Windows, sengeze umsebenzi ohambisanayo ku-Prometheus, bese sithola ideshibhodi ethize ye-Windows (njenge-ID 14694 kugalari ye-Grafana) ukuze sibone isimo se-CPU, imemori, nediski.
Izixazululo zokugcina izinto eziningi kanye nokukhula kwazo
Njengoba inkampani ikhula futhi iqala ukuphatha izigidi zama-metric, i-Prometheus ingaqala ukwehluleka. Ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu, kukhona amathuluzi afana ne- Thanos , avumela idatha ukuthi ithuthelwe kwisitoreji samafu njenge-AWS S3 noma i-Google Cloud Storage, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze ukutholakala okuphezulu kanye nokugcinwa kwesikhathi eside . I-Thanos isebenzisa i-sidecar ehambisana ne-Prometheus kanye nengxenye ye-Query yemibuzo ehlanganisiwe.
Enye indlela enamandla kakhulu I-VictoriaMetricsLesi sixazululo sisebenza kahle kakhulu ekusebenziseni kwaso i-CPU kanye nememori. Ezindaweni zokwakheka eziyinkimbinkimbi, singasetshenziswa UPrometheus-Operator ku-Kubernetes ukuphatha ukuqoqwa kwendawo bese kamuva uthumela wonke amamethrikhi kuqoqo le-VictoriaMetrics. Lolu hlelo luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezifana vmstorage ukulondoloza idatha, vminsert ukuzibhala futhi vmselect kokubonisana, okuvumela abaphathi izigidigidi zamaphuzu edatha ngaphandle kokuthi isistimu ihambe kancane.
Ukukhetha phakathi kwala mathuluzi kuvame ukuncika kumthamo wedatha. Nakuba i-Prometheus ilungele isikhathi esifushane, ukuyihlanganisa ne -VictoriaMetrics noma i-Thanos kuyindlela ephephile yezindawo ezinamafu amaningi lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlanganisa ulwazi oluvela kumaqoqo amaningi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ithrafikhi yedatha ihlala ibethelwe futhi iqinisekisiwe kusetshenziswa amaphroksi okuphepha.
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-ecosystem olusekelwe ku-Prometheus kanye ne-Grafana, oluqiniswe ngama-ejenti e-Linux kanye ne-Windows futhi olukhuliswe kusetshenziswa i-VictoriaMetrics noma i-Thanos, kuguqula ukuphathwa kwe-IT kube inqubo ebikezelwayo nephumelelayo. Ngokuhlanganisa amamethrikhi kanye nokushintsha izexwayiso ngokuzenzakalela, izinhlangano zithola ukubonakala okuphelele engqalasizinda yazo, zithuthukise ukusebenza futhi ziqinisekise ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi lapho zibhekene nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zobuchwepheshe ezingalindelekile.
