- Isitoreji esiphephile sidinga ukubethela, ukulawula ukufinyelela, ukwenza amakhophi agciniwe, kanye nokucushwa okufanele kokubili endaweni kanye nasefwini.
- Ukwabelana ngamafayela ngokuphephile kudinga ukubethela kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni, ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, kanye nezimvume ezicacile kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuphatha.
- Izinsizakalo ezifana ne-Google Drayivu, i-OneDrive, i-Dropbox, i-Box, i-pCloud, noma i-Sync.com zinikeza izinketho ezinokwethenjelwa uma zisetshenziswa ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwamadivayisi endawo abethelwe kanye namafu avikelekile, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwemikhuba emihle kakhulu, kunciphisa ingozi yokulahleka kwedatha noma ukuvuza.
Ukuvikela amadokhumenti akho edijithali akuseyona eyezinkampani ezinkulu kuphela. Namuhla, wonke umuntu uphatha amafayela abucayi okungafanele awele ezandleni ezingafanele : amatayitela endlu, imibiko yezokwelapha, izinkontileka zomsebenzi, izithombe zomazisi, amaphasiwedi, njalo njalo. Indlela ogcina futhi wabelane ngayo lonke lolo lwazi yenza umehluko phakathi kokuthula kwengqondo nokuphila ngokwesaba okuqhubekayo ukwephulwa kwedatha.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa idrayivu ye-USB egcinwe edroweni noma izinsizakalo eziningi zamafu, uma ungalandeli imithetho embalwa eyisisekelo, ulwazi lwakho lungaba sengozini kakhulu kunalokho ocabanga. Lesi sihloko sizochaza, ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngaphandle kolimi oluyinkimbinkimbi lobuchwepheshe, ukuthi isitoreji samafayela sisebenza kanjani ngokuphepha, yiziphi izingozi ezikhona, nokuthi yiziphi izixazululo ezithembeke ngempela , kokubili endaweni kanye nasefwini, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuthi ungagcina kuphi futhi kanjani idatha yakho ebaluleke kakhulu.
Kusho ukuthini ngempela ukuthi “isitoreji samafayela esiphephile”?
Uma sikhuluma ngesitoreji esiphephile, akwanele ukuthi ifayela "lingalahleki." Isitoreji siphephile uma sivikela ubumfihlo, ubuqotho, kanye nokutholakala kwedatha . Ngamanye amazwi, kusho ukuthi akekho umuntu ongagunyaziwe ongayibona, akekho ongayishintsha ngaphandle kwemvume, futhi ungayifinyelela uma uyidinga.
Empeleni, lokhu kuhilela ukuhlanganisa izendlalelo eziningana: ukubethela okuqinile , izilawuli zokufinyelela, ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile, ama-backups, kanye nokuqapha izinsongo . Uhlelo oluhle kufanele luqinisekise ukuthi amadokhumenti akho avikelwe kokubili ngesikhathi sokuthutha (uma uwathumela noma uwalayisha kuseva) kanye nalapho egcinwe endaweni ephephile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitoreji esiphephile asisagcini nje nge-hard drive ehhovisi. Namuhla, izindawo zokugcina zisukela kumadivayisi angokoqobo endawo kuya kumasevisi efu omphakathi, angasese, noma ahlanganisiwe , kanye namapulatifomu okwabelana ngamafayela avikelekile aklanyelwe imikhakha elawulwayo (ezezimali, ezempilo, uhulumeni, njll.).
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi uhlelo oluphephile akudingeki lube yinto ephazamisayo. Izixazululo ezinhle kakhulu zilinganisa kahle phakathi kokuphepha okuphezulu nokulula kokusebenzisa : zivumela ukusebenza njengeqembu, ukwabelana ngamadokhumenti, ukubambisana ngesikhathi sangempela, kanye nokusekela okuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokufuna ukuthi umsebenzisi abe uchwepheshe wezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi.
Izinzuzo zokulondoloza amadokhumenti ngedijithali kanye nasefwini
Ukushintsha kusuka ephepheni uye kumafomethi edijithali kumelela intuthuko enkulu ekuhleleni nasekuphepheni. Okokuqala, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwephepha kusindisa isikhala esibonakalayo, isikhathi sokuphatha, kanye nemali : awusadingi amakhabethe okufaka amafayela, amabhokisi, noma amakamelo okugcina agcwele amafolda, futhi awusadingi ukuchitha amahora amaningi usesha inqwaba yamadokhumenti.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-backup edijithali aphethwe kahle anikeza ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu kakhulu ngokumelene nokulahlekelwa okubangelwa umlilo, izikhukhula, ukweba, noma ezinye izinhlekelele . Uma amafayela akho egcinwe efwini nakumadivayisi okugcina angaphezu kweyodwa endawo, isigameko esingokoqobo ekhaya noma ehhovisi akusho ukuthi ulahlekelwe yikho konke.
Enye inzuzo enkulu ukufinyeleleka. Ngesitoreji samafu esivikelekile, ungafinyelela amadokhumenti akho kunoma iyiphi idivayisi enokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi : ifoni ephathekayo, i-laptop, ithebhulethi, ikhompyutha yomsebenzi... uma nje usebenzisa iziqinisekiso ezivikelekile kanye, okungcono nakakhulu, nokuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili.
Emkhakheni wobungcweti, izinsizakalo zokugcina amafu zenza kube lula ukuhamba komsebenzi okusheshayo kakhulu. Ngokuhlanganisa amadokhumenti endaweni ehlanganyelwe, amaqembu anephuzu elilodwa, elihlelekile, nelisebenzisanayo lapho kulula khona ukulawula izinguqulo, ukwabela izimvume, nokunciphisa isiphithiphithi samafayela aphindwe kabili athunyelwe nge-imeyili.
Futhi akumelwe sikhohlwe isici semvelo. Yonke imibhalo oyikhethayo ukuyigcina nokuyisayina ngedijithali esikhundleni sokuyinyathelisa isho iphepha elincane, uyinki omncane, ukuthuthwa okuncane, kanye nokulahlwa okuncane —okuyinto izinkampani eziningi esezivele ziyifakile ezinqubweni zazo zokusimama.
Kuyini ukwabelana ngamafayela kanye nesitoreji esiphephile
Ukwabelana ngamafayela okuphephile kuwumkhuba wokuthumela , ukwamukela, nokugcina amadokhumenti ngendlela yokuthi abantu abagunyaziwe kuphela abangafinyelela okuqukethwe kwabo , kokubili ngesikhathi sokudlulisa kanye nalapho ifayela seligciniwe.
Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, akwanele ukumane "unamathisele ifayela ku-imeyili bese kuphelile." Uhlelo oluqinile luhlanganisa ukubethela, ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile, ukulawula ukufinyelela, futhi ezimweni eziningi, izisayini zedijithali nezitifiketi ezivumela ukuqinisekiswa kobunikazi bamaqembu kanye nobuqotho bamadokhumenti.
Izixazululo zokwabelana ngokuphephile zesimanje zivame ukufaka izinketho ezifana nokubethela ifayela ngaphambi kokulilayisha, ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi noma izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi ukuze kulandwe izixhumanisi , ukubhala ukuthi ubani ofinyelele kulo nokuthi nini, noma ukudinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe ukuze ubuke okuqukethwe okuthile okubucayi.
Ezinhlanganweni, ukuhlanganisa lezi zixazululo esu labo lokuphepha kolwazi kubalulekile. Akukhona mayelana nokuba "neDropbox elele phansi" ngaphandle kokulawula, kodwa mayelana nokuchaza imithetho ecacile mayelana nokuthi yini engalayishwa, ukuthi ingabiwa nobani, ngezimvume ezinjani, nokuthi konke kuhlolwa kanjani.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwedatha (i-DLP). Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinqubomgomo namathuluzi asiza ukuqapha ukufinyelela, ukuthola ukuziphatha okungavamile, ukukhawulela amakhophi angagunyaziwe, kanye nokubuyekeza ngezikhathi ezithile izinhlelo namanethiwekhi ukuthola ubuthakathaka obungaba khona bokuphepha ngaphambi kokuba busetshenziswe kabi.
Izingozi ezivamile lapho kwabelwana futhi kugcinwa amafayela
Ukusebenza ngamadokhumenti edijithali kunezinzuzo eziningi, kodwa futhi kuletha izingozi eziningi eziphindaphindayo okufanele zikhunjulwe. Esokuqala ukuntuleka kokubethela okwanele . Uma idatha ithunyelwa noma igcinwa embhalweni ocacile, noma ubani ovimba ukuxhumana noma othola ukufinyelela kudivayisi angakufunda kalula.
Okuhlobene nalokhu okungenhla yinkinga yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe . Ngaphandle kwezindlela eziqinile zokuqinisekisa kanye nokugunyazwa, isisebenzi sangaphakathi, umamukeli ongalungile, noma umhlaseli wangaphandle angagcina ebona ulwazi angafanele aluthole, kanye nayo yonke imiphumela yezomthetho nedumela elihambisana nalo.
Elinye isu elivamile ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi abuthakathaka, aphindaphindwayo, noma abiwe . Uma isiqinisekiso singaqagelwa ngemizuzwana noma sivuvukile ngoba sisetshenziswe kabusha kwenye indawo, umhlaseli uthola ukhiye oyinhloko kumadokhumenti akho, i-imeyili, kanye nezinsizakalo zamafu.
I-Malware akumelwe ikhohlakale. Ama-virus, ama-Trojan, kanye ne-ransomware kusebenzisa amaphutha okuphepha noma ukunganaki komsebenzisi ukuze kutheleleke amakhompyutha, kubhalwe amafayela, futhi kwebiwe idatha eyimfihlo . Ukuba nohlelo oluhle nolusesikhathini lwe-antimalware akusadingeki uma uphatha ulwazi olubucayi.
Okokugcina, kunezinsongo zangaphakathi: abasebenzisi abanokufinyelela okusemthethweni, abathi, ngenxa yobudedengu noma inhloso embi, bakhiphe, basuse, noma babelane ngamadokhumenti ngaphandle kwemvume . Ukuze kulwiwe nalokhu, izilawuli zokufinyelela ezihlanganisiwe, amalogi emisebenzi anemininingwane, kanye nesiko lokuphepha elithuthukisiwe kubalulekile.
Izindlela zokwabelana ngamafayela ngokuphephile
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha lapho uthumela noma wabelana ngamadokhumenti abalulekile. Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukudluliselwa kwamafayela abethelwe kusetshenziswa amaphrothokholi aphephile njenge-SSL/TLS kanye nama-algorithms aqinile njenge-RSA noma i-AES-256, avimbela abantu besithathu ekuqondeni okuqukethwe ngisho noma bekuvimba.
Kuvamile futhi ukuvikela amafayela ngamanye anamaphasiwedi athile kanye nokubethela ezingeni lefayela . Ngale ndlela, noma ngabe umuntu uthola ukufinyelela ku-imeyili noma ifolda equkethe ifayela, ngeke akwazi ukuyivula ngaphandle kwephasiwedi, okufanele ngabe yabelwana ngayo ngesiteshi esihlukile.
Okwamanje, izinsizakalo zokugcina eziku-inthanethi ezivikelekile kanye namapulatifomu amafu (njenge-Drive, i-OneDrive, i-Dropbox, njll.) zengeza ungqimba olwengeziwe: ifayela ligcinwa kumaseva avikelwe, ngama-backups, ukubethela, kanye nezinketho zokwabelana ezilawulwayo . Kuhle kakhulu uma kudingeka ukubambisana phakathi kwabantu abaningana noma amaqembu.
Ngisho ne-imeyili ingaqiniswa ngokubethela imiyalezo nezinamathiselo kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni . Kuleso simo, umthumeli nomamukeli kuphela abanezihluthulelo ezifanele abangafunda okuqukethwe, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokulalela.
Imikhuba emihle kakhulu yokugcina nokwabelana okuphephile ngempela
Umkhuba wokuqala omuhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukubethela kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni noma nini lapho kungenzeka . Lokhu kusho ukuthi idokhumenti ibethelwe kudivayisi yakho futhi isuswa kuphela kudivayisi yomamukeli ogunyaziwe, okuvimbela abantu besithathu (kufaka phakathi abanye abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo) ukuthi bayifunde ngenkathi isendleleni noma ibanjwe kumaseva abo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuxoxa ngokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi (i-MFA). Lolu hlelo ludinga ukuthi uqinisekise ubuwena bakho okungenani ngezinto ezimbili ezahlukene (isibonelo, iphasiwedi kanye nekhodi ethunyelwe efonini yakho ephathekayo, noma iphasiwedi kanye neminwe yakho), ukuze noma ngabe othile weba iphasiwedi yakho eyedwa, angakwazi ukufinyelela.
Ezweni lezinkampani, ukuphathwa kwamalungelo edijithali (i-DRM) kuya ngokuya kuvelela . Lezi zixazululo zivumela izinkampani ukuthi zivimbele izenzo ezifana nokukopisha, ukuphrinta, noma ukuthumela amafayela, ngisho nokuhoxisa ukufinyelela okukude, okusiza kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuvuza kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kokuqukethwe.
Izilawuli zokufinyelela eziklanywe kahle zingenye into ebalulekile. Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukubona konke. Izinhlangano kumele zichaze ukuthi ubani ongafinyelela ini, ngezimvume zini (zokufunda kuphela, ukuhlela, ukulanda, njll.), nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani , zisebenzisa isimiso selungelo elincane ezinhlelweni zazo zokugcina.
Konke lokhu kumele kusekelwe yinqubomgomo eqinile yokuphathwa kokuqukethwe. Lokhu kusho ukusungula imithetho ecacile yokuthi amadokhumenti ahlukaniswa kanjani, agcinwe, abelwane, futhi alahlwe kanjani , kulandelwa izinhlaka ezifana ne-NIST CSF kanye nokuhambisana nemithethonqubo yobumfihlo efana ne-GDPR.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze lezi zinqubomgomo zisebenze, kudingeka ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuphepha kwe-cyber : ama-firewall, i-antivirus, izinhlelo zokuthola ukungena, izixazululo ze-IAM (ubunikazi nokuphathwa kokufinyelela), amathuluzi e-DLP, ukuvikelwa kokusongela okuthuthukisiwe, ama-patches asesikhathini, njll.
Futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kukhona isici somuntu. Ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okufanele, konke okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla kuyasilela. Kubalulekile ukuthi abasebenzi kanye nabalingani baqonde izingozi, bazi ukuthi bangawakha kanjani amaphasiwedi aqinile, bagweme amanethiwekhi angavikelekile, futhi baqaphele imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi . Ukuphepha kobuchwepheshe ngaphandle kwesiko lokuphepha akwanele.
Izixazululo zokwabelana ngokuphephile ezithuthukisiwe zamabhizinisi
Ezindaweni ezilawulwa kakhulu (ezempilo, amabhange, imboni yomphakathi, izimboni ezibalulekile, njll.), ibha yokuphepha iphakeme nakakhulu. Yingakho amapulatifomu akhethekile okwabelana ngamafayela nokugcina amafayela ngendlela ephephile, kanye nezici zokuphatha ezithuthukisiwe, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nokulandelela , eba yinto ebalulekile.
Lezi zixazululo ngokuvamile zinikeza lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi amanethiwekhi okuqukethwe ayimfihlo, akwazi ukuhlanganisa iziteshi ezahlukene zokushintshana eziphephile : i-imeyili ebethelwe, amafolda abiwe, amakamelo edatha abonakalayo, i-SFTP, ukudluliswa kwamafayela aphethwe (i-MFT), njll., konke ngaphansi kwesethi eyodwa yezinqubomgomo nezilawuli.
Umqondo uwukuthi izinhlangano zingaxhumanisa ama-repository okuqukethwe kwebhizinisi akhona (njenge-SharePoint, i-OneDrive, i-Google Drayivu, i-Dropbox, noma i-Box) futhi zisebenzise ungqimba olujwayelekile lokuphepha, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokuphatha kuzo zonke, ngaphandle kokuphoqa abasebenzi ukuthi bashintshe kakhulu amathuluzi abawasebenzisa kakade.
Phakathi kwezici ezithuthukisiwe ezinikezwa yilezi zinhlobo zamapulatifomu kukhona ukuhlela ndawonye amadokhumenti ngokuhlanganiswa okujulile kuma-office suite , ukubambisana nabantu besithathu bangaphandle ngenkathi kugcinwa ukulawula idatha, ukubhalwa okuningiliziwe kolwazi lokufinyelela nezenzo, kanye nezinketho zokucushwa ukuze zivumelane nezinhlaka ezithile zomthetho.
Ezinkampanini eziningi, ukukhetha lolu hlobo lwesisombululo kusho ukusuka ekubeni "nama-patches namathuluzi akhululekile" uye endleleni ehlanganisiwe nehambisanayo yokuphepha kokuqukethwe , ukunciphisa izingozi, ukwenza lula ukuhlolwa, kanye nokuthuthukisa kakhulu ukubonakala kwalokho okwabelwana ngakho nokuthi nobani.
Isitoreji sendawo: Amadrayivu e-USB, ama-hard drive kanye nama-backups
Ngale kwefu, abasebenzisi abaningi bacabanga ukugcina amadokhumenti abo abucayi kumadivayisi aphathekayo: ama-USB drive , amakhadi e-microSD, noma ama-hard drive angaphandle agcinwe ekhaya, njengohlobo "lwe-digital safe" olungakaze luxhunywe kumakhompyutha abanye abantu.
Le nketho, uma ihlelwe kahle, iyasebenza, kodwa izingozi zayo kumele ziqondwe. Idivayisi ingaphuka , ilahleke, yebiwe, noma idatha yayo yonakale ngenxa yokwehluleka kukagesi, ukushayisana, noma imane iguge ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuze unciphise izinkinga, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa amadivayisi amaningi okugcina idatha bese ugcina okungenani amakhophi amabili noma amathathu kumadivayisi ahlukene, okungcono kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlukile ezibonakalayo . Isibonelo, i-hard drive yangaphandle ekhaya, enye endaweni ethembekile, kanye, njengesipele, indawo yokugcina idatha efihliwe. Ukusebenzisa amadivayisi amaningi okugcina idatha kanye namasu okubuyisela idatha kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokulahleka kwedatha ngengozi.
Kuzo zonke izimo, ukubhala ngemfihlo okuqukethwe kubalulekile. "Ukugcina nje i-PDF kudrayivu ye-USB" akwanele. Okungcono kakhulu, idivayisi, noma okungenani amafayela, kufanele ivikelwe ngokubethela okuqinile kanye nephasiwedi eqinile . Ngale ndlela, noma ngabe umuntu uthola ukufinyelela kudivayisi yokugcina ebonakalayo, ngeke akwazi ukufunda lutho ngaphandle kokhiye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa ihadiwe ethembekile njenge- TPM 2.0 yokuphatha ukhiye kanye nokuvikelwa okwengeziwe.
Ngokuphathelene nobuthakathaka "obuncane", idrayivu ye-USB ebethelwe engaphumi ekhaya futhi exhunywe kuphela kukhompyutha ehlanzekile, ebuyekeziwe, nevikelwe iyindlela ephephile yokusebenzisa komuntu siqu . Isitha sayo esiyinhloko asikona nje ukugenca kodwa ukukhohlwa iphasiwedi, umonakalo ongokwenyama, noma ukungabi nama-backup.
Iyini ifu elivikelekile futhi yini okufanele liyinikeze?
Ifu elivikelekile empeleni liyisevisi yokugcina idatha eku-inthanethi esebenzisa izindlela zobuchwepheshe nezokuhlela ezithuthukisiwe ukuvikela idatha yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ekulahlekeni, noma ekuhlaselweni . Akuwona wonke amafu adalwe alingana, futhi umehluko uyabonakala kakhulu.
Okokuqala, kumele inikeze ukubethela kwedatha kokubili ngesikhathi sokuthutha kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuxhumana nesevisi kudlula iziteshi ezibethelwe (HTTPS/TLS) futhi amafayela agcinwa ebethelwe kumaseva , ukuze uma othile evimba ithrafikhi noma efaka idiski esikhungweni sedatha engozini, ngeke akwazi ukuqonda okuqukethwe kwayo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthi umhlinzeki akuvumele ukuthi usebenzise ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili . Ukwengeza ikhodi yesikhathi esisodwa ethunyelwe kuselula yakho noma ekhiqizwe uhlelo lokusebenza kunezela isithiyo esibalulekile ekuntshontshweni kwamaphasiwedi.
Isevisi enhle yamafu kufanele ifake izimvume ezihlanganisiwe kanye nokulawula ukufinyelela okuningiliziwe : ukunquma ukuthi ubani ongabuka, ahlele, alande, noma abelane ngefolda noma ifayela ngalinye, kanye nokukwazi ukuhoxisa ukufinyelela kalula uma othile engasakudingi.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ama-backups kanye nekhono lokubuyisela ngokuzenzakalelayo . Abahlinzeki abaningi balondoloza izinguqulo zangaphambilini zamafayela, okusiza ekutholeni ulwazi ngemuva kokususwa ngengozi, amaphutha, noma ngisho nokuhlaselwa okuthile kwe-ransomware.
Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo yisici sokuqapha: ifu kumele linikeze amalogi emisebenzi kanye nezaziso zokuziphatha okusolisayo , kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela ngokumelene ne-malware, ukuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS kanye nezinye izinsongo zengqalasizinda.
Izixazululo ezithandwa kakhulu zokugcina amafu eziphephile
Phakathi kwezinketho zokugcina eziphephile kakhulu eziku-inthanethi kukhona abahlinzeki abakhulu, abasebenzisa izinhloso ezijwayelekile. I-Google Drayivu, isibonelo, inikeza isitoreji samahhala esingu-15 GB kanye nokuhlanganiswa okugcwele ne-Google Workspace (Amadokhumenti, Amashidi, Amaslayidi, Izithombe), okwenza kube lula kakhulu emsebenzini wokubambisana kanye nokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu.
I-Dropbox isalokhu iyisilinganiso sokusebenziseka kalula, uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lokuvumelanisa, kanye nezici zokwabelana kanye nokubambisana . Ngenkathi inikeza ama-gigabytes ambalwa kuphela esitoreji samahhala, izinhlelo zayo ezikhokhelwayo zandisa umthamo futhi zengeza izinketho zokubuyisa amafayela ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokuphathwa kwethimba.
I-Microsoft OneDrive ihlangana kalula ne-Windows kanye ne-Microsoft 365. Inikeza isitoreji samahhala esingu-5 GB kanye nezinhlelo ezihlanganisa isitoreji ne-Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, nokuningi , okwenza kube ukukhetha okunengqondo kakhulu uma usuvele usebenzisa i-Microsoft ecosystem nsuku zonke.
Kubasebenzisi be-Apple, i-iCloud Drive iyisinqumo esingokwemvelo: ikuvumela ukuthi uvumelanise amadokhumenti phakathi kwe-iPhone, i-iPad, ne-Mac ngokubethela okunamandla kanye nesitoreji samahhala esingu-5GB . Kulula kakhulu kulabo abahlala ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem ye-Apple futhi abafuna konke kusebenze kahle.
Ezingeni lobungcweti, iBox ihloselwe izinkampani ezidinga ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuthobela imithetho . Amandla ayo asekelwe ekubambisaneni ngesikhathi sangempela, ukulawulwa kwemvume ehlanganisiwe, kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane, kusukela ku-Microsoft 365 kuya ku-Salesforce.
I-pCloud ivelele ngokunikeza izinhlelo eziguquguqukayo kakhulu kanye nesitoreji sempilo yonke . Indlunkulu yayo eSwitzerland kanye nezitifiketi zayo zokuphepha eziphezulu kuyenza ibe inketho ekhangayo kakhulu kulabo ababeka ubumfihlo phambili.
Okokugcina, i-Sync.com ithole idumela ngokugxila kwayo kubumfihlo kanye nokubethela kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni . Njengoba inama-gigabytes ambalwa esitoreji samahhala kanye nezinhlelo ezikhokhelwayo ezincintisanayo, kuyisinqumo esihle uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho nomhlinzeki wakho akakwazi ukubona okuqukethwe kwamafayela akho.
Ukuphepha kwamafu: ubani owenza ini nokuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo ezibucayi kakhulu
Uma usebenzisa izinsizakalo zamafu, ukuphepha kusekelwe kumodeli yomthwalo wemfanelo owabiwe . Umhlinzeki unesibopho sokuvikela ingqalasizinda (izikhungo zedatha, ihadiwe, amanethiwekhi, kanye nesofthiwe ethile), kodwa ikhasimende linesibopho sokuvikela idatha yalo, ukucushwa, kanye nokufinyelela.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele uphathe kahle izimvume, amaphasiwedi, amaqembu abasebenzisi, kanye nokuqukethwe okulayishayo . Uma ushiya izixhumanisi zomphakathi eziya kumadokhumenti abucayi noma wabelana nge-akhawunti phakathi kwabantu abaningana, inkinga ayisekho kumhlinzeki kodwa imayelana nezilungiselelo zakho nemikhuba yakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izinsizakalo zamafu ezibeka izinga elifanayo lengozi. I-imeyili, amapulatifomu okubambisana, kanye nezinsizakalo zokugcina amadokhumenti zizwela kakhulu ngoba zigxila idatha ebalulekile futhi zisetshenziswa nsuku zonke ngabasebenzisi abaningi.
Izinsizakalo ezingaphephile kakhulu zivame ukungabi nokubethela okuqinile, azilandeli imithetho, izikhungo zedatha ezingavikelekile kahle, idatha yokusingatha emazweni anemithethonqubo exegayo, zimahhala ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemodeli yebhizinisi ecacile, noma azitshali imali eyanele ekuphepheni . Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela lezi zici ngaphambi kokuziphathisa ulwazi lwakho.
Ezinkampanini zaseYurophu, i-GDPR yengeza olunye uhlaka lomthwalo wemfanelo. Izinhlangano eziqoqa idatha yomuntu siqu kumele ziqinisekise ubumfihlo bayo kanye nokuvikelwa kwayo . Ukwephulwa kwedatha ngenxa yokukhetha kabi umhlinzeki noma ukungalungiselelwa kahle kungaholela ezijezisweni ezinkulu kanye nomonakalo ohlala njalo wedumela.
Izinhlobo zamafu: eziyimfihlo, ezomphakathi kanye ne-hybrid
Kuye ngokuthi ubani olawula ingqalasizinda nokuthi izinsiza zisetshenziswa kanjani, singakhuluma ngamafu angasese, omphakathi, kanye nama-hybrid. Ifu eliyimfihlo liyindawo yamafu enikezelwe enhlanganweni eyodwa , enezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokulawula lapho idatha igcinwa khona, ukuthi ihlukaniswe kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha ezisetshenziswayo.
Le nketho ivame ukubiza kakhulu futhi ayiguquguquki kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokukala, kodwa, uma iphethwe kahle, inikeza izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuphepha ngoba izinsiza azabelwana ngazo namanye amaklayenti futhi zingashintshwa ngokuqinile ukuze zivumelane nezidingo zenhlangano.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifu lomphakathi linikezwa ngabahlinzeki abakhulu kumakhasimende amaningi ahlukene ngengqalasizinda ehlanganyelwe. Ngokuvamile liyonga kakhulu futhi liyakhula , futhi abahlinzeki batshala imali eningi ekuphepheni, kodwa ukulawula okucophelelayo ezicini ezithile kungase kube kuncane, futhi amathuba okuba sengozini abe makhulu ngenxa yenani labasebenzisi.
Ifu elihlanganisiwe lihlanganisa zombili izindlela. Likuvumela ukuthi ugcine idatha ebucayi kakhulu ezindaweni eziyimfihlo futhi usebenzise ukuguquguquka kanye nokusebenza kahle kwefu lomphakathi ukuze uthole imisebenzi engabalulekile kangako. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlukanisa ulwazi ezindaweni eziningi kunezela ungqimba olwengeziwe lokuphepha, njengoba konke kungagxilile endaweni eyodwa.
Ezinkampanini eziningi, isu lokuwina lihilela imodeli ehlanganisiwe eklanywe kahle: idatha eyimfihlo engqalasizinda yazo noma yangasese, kanye nezinsizakalo zokubambisana, ukusekelwa okungabalulekile kakhulu noma ukuphakama kwamandla efwini lomphakathi, konke kuhlelwe ngemikhuba emihle yokuphepha.
Indlela yokukhetha isevisi yamafu ephephile ngempela
Uma ukhetha umhlinzeki wefu ophephile, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinqubo eziningana ezibalulekile. Okokuqala ukufinyelela ngokoqobo esikhungweni sedatha : inkampani kumele ibe nezilawuli eziqinile zokuvimbela abantu abangagunyaziwe ekufinyeleleni ihadiwe lapho idatha yakho ikhona khona.
Okwesibili ukubethela ulwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi . Qiniseka ukuthi umhlinzeki ubethela idatha kokubili ngesikhathi sokuthutha kanye nalapho ephumula futhi, uma kungenzeka, unikeza ukubethela kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni noma izinketho zokhiye ezilawulwa nguwe, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zezinkampani.
Isitifiketi kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso nakho kubalulekile. Kwamanye amazwe, kunezinhlelo ezithile, njengezitifiketi zokuphepha okuphezulu kwezinsizakalo zamafu, eziqinisekisa izinga elidinga kakhulu lezidingo zobuchwepheshe, zokusebenza, kanye nezomthetho . EYurophu, ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengenzuzo ukuthi idatha igcinwe ezindaweni ezinemithetho eqinile yobumfihlo.
Ezinye izici ezibalulekile zifaka phakathi ukucaca kwemigomo yesevisi, indawo yeseva, inqubomgomo yokusekelayo, izikhathi zokuphendula ezigamekweni, kanye nokucaca ekuphathweni kokwephulwa komthetho . Umhlinzeki omuhle akafihli lapho kuvela izinkinga; kunalokho, uyazibika futhi athathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.
Ekugcineni, isihluthulelo sisekuhlanganiseni isitoreji sendawo esibethelwe nezinsizakalo zamafu ezithembekile, ezisekelwa yimikhuba emihle kanye nokuqonda okuvamile. Ngezinketho ezimbalwa ezihlakaniphile kanye nokuzithiba okuthile, kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukugcina nokwabelana ngamafayela akho ngokuphephile ngaphandle kokudela ukulula kanye nokubambisana emsebenzini wakho wansuku zonke.
