- Ukuxazulula inganekwane yokuthi i-macOS ayivikelekile ku-malware namagciwane anamuhla.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwamathuluzi okuphepha e-Apple njenge-XProtect kanye ne-Gatekeeper.
- Ukubaluleka kokuhlanganisa ingqondo evamile nesofthiwe yokuphepha yomuntu wesithathu.
- Ukuhlonza izimpawu ezivamile zokutheleleka kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela ezingcono kakhulu.
Sekuyisikhathi eside sikholelwa ukuthi ukuba nekhompyutha ye-Apple kufana nokuhlala endaweni engaphansi komhlaba engangeneki. Le nkolelo yokuthi amagciwane athinta i-Windows kuphela isigxile kubasebenzisi abaningi, okwenza kube nomqondo ojwayelekile ukuphela kwendlela yokuzivikela edingekayo. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lobuchwepheshe liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi izigebengu ze-cyber azizange zisebenze ngenkathi i-macOS ithola indawo emakethe.
Iqiniso liwukuthi, nakuba ukwakheka kwe-Apple kuqinile, akukho sistimu ephelele. Ukwanda kwesabelo semakethe sama-Mac kuwenze aba yizisulu ezikhanga kakhulu kubaduni. Asisakhulumi ngamaphutha alula esistimu, kodwa ngokuhlasela okuyinkimbinkimbi okwazi kahle ukuthi kugwenywa kanjani ukuvikelwa okusemthethweni ukuze kwebiwe idatha ebucayi noma kuthathwe amafayela.
Inganekwane yokungavikeleki komzimba kanye nezinsongo zamanje
Kuyiphutha elikhulu ukucabanga ukuthi ama-MacBook noma ama-iMac awathinteki. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi ngokomlando kwakukhona i-malware encane kuma-Mac kunama-PC, lo mkhuba ushintshe kakhulu. Eqinisweni, idatha iphakamisa ukuthi izinsongo ze-endpoint kuma-Mac ziye zadlula ngisho nalezo eziku-Windows ngezikhathi ezithile. Abahlaseli baye basuka ekuqaliseni ukuhlaselwa okungahlelekile baya ekudaleni i-malware eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu engadlula ngisho nezinhlelo ze-notarization ze-Apple.
Isibonelo esicacile ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezifana ne-MacSync Stealer. Lawa magciwane awasaceli umsebenzisi ukuthi enze izenzo ezingavamile ku-Terminal; kunalokho, afika efihliwe njengezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisemthethweni , ezisayinwe ngezitifiketi ezivumelekile. Asebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "igobolondo elingenalutho": uhlelo lokusebenza lubonakala lungenangozi ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwe-Apple, kodwa uma selufakiwe, luxhuma kuseva ekude ukuze lulande ikhodi enonya entshontsha amaphasiwedi e-Keychain, amakhukhi eseshini, kanye nezinkinobho ze-SSH.
Izendlalelo zokuphepha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ku-macOS
I-Apple ayishiyi uhlelo luzenzekele futhi isebenzise amathuluzi amaningana asebenza ngemuva kwezigcawu. Phakathi kwawo kukhona i-XProtect , uhlelo lokuthola olusekelwe esiginesha oluhlaziya amafayela alandiwe. Kukhona ne- Malware Removal Tool (MRT) , ehlanza uhlelo ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho kutholakala usongo olwaziwayo.
Esinye isici esibalulekile yi -Gatekeeper , eqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela kubathuthukisi abaziwayo noma i-App Store kuphela ezingasebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwe -Sandboxing luvimbela ukufinyelela kohlelo lokusebenza kudatha yomsebenzisi ebalulekile, luvimbela izinhlelo ezinonya ukuthi zingafinyeleli kwezinye izindawo zesistimu yokusebenza ngaphandle kwemvume.
Izinhlobo ze-malware ezingathinta i-Mac yakho
Akuzona zonke izinto "eziyigciwane" elivamile elonakalisa amafayela. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsongo ezingalimaza ikhompyutha yakho:
- I-Adware kanye ne-PUP: Izinhlelo ezingase zingadingeki ezigcwalisa isiphequluli sakho ngokukhangisa okuphazamisayo futhi zinciphisa ukusebenza.
- I-spyware: Amathuluzi ayimfihlo, njengePegasus, ayakwazi ukuhlola imiyalezo, ukusebenzisa ikhamera noma imakrofoni, kanye nokweba oxhumana nabo.
- I-Rhlengware: Ukuhlasela okuyingozi kwe-ransomware lapho umgebengu ebhala khona amafayela akho futhi afune isihlengo nge-cryptocurrency.
- AmaTrojan kanye ne-Phishing: Ukukhwabanisa okusebenzisa ukwebiwa kobunikazi ukuze ukukhohlise ukuthi ufake isofthiwe mbumbulu noma uveze amaphasiwedi asebhange.
- Ama-Rootkit kanye ne-Cryptojacking: I-Malware efihla umsebenzi wayo ukuze isebenzise amandla e-CPU yakho ukumba ama-cryptocurrencies ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele.
Indlela yokuthola ukuthi i-Mac yakho ithelelekile
Ngezinye izikhathi i-malware iyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi awuyiboni, kodwa kunezimpawu ezicacile zokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Uma ngokuzumayo ubona ukwehla okukhulu kokusebenza noma ikhompyutha yakho ishisa kakhulu ngisho noma kungekho izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa izinsiza eziningi ezivuliwe, ungase ube nenqubo enonya edla izinsiza ngemuva.
Ezinye izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuvela kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha ongazifakile, izinguquko ezingalindelekile ekhasini eliyisiqalo lesiphequluli sakho, noma ukwanda kwamafasitela avelelayo ngisho noma ungaphequluli. Futhi, uma uhlangabezana nokuphahlazeka okuvamile noma uhlangabezana namafayela abethelwe ongakwazi ukuwavula, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ukuphepha kwakho kuye kwaphazamiseka.
Amathiphu awusizo okuvikela ngokuphelele
Ukuze ugweme ukuthembela enhlanhleni kuphela, kubalulekile ukugcina inhlanzeko yedijithali eqinile . Isinyathelo sokuqala ukulanda isofthiwe emithonjeni esemthethweni kuphela bese ugcina uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luvuselelwe, njengoba izibuyekezo ze-macOS zivame ukuvala ubuthakathaka obubalulekile bokuphepha.
Uma uxhuma kumanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi omphakathi, kuwukuhlakanipha ukusebenzisa i -VPN ethembekile ukuze ubhale ngemfihlo ithrafikhi yakho futhi uvimbele abantu besithathu ukuthi bangangenisi idatha yakho. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi ugcine i-firewall yakho isebenza futhi wenze amakhophi avamile nge-Time Machine ; ngale ndlela, uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa yi-ransomware, ngeke ulahlekelwe ulwazi lwakho olubalulekile.
Abantu abaningi besaba ukuthi isofthiwe ye-antivirus yangaphandle izonciphisa ijubane lekhompyutha yabo, kodwa ngama -chip e -Apple Silicon nama-SSD ashesha kakhulu namuhla, umthelela cishe awubalulekile. Ukufaka ungqimba olwengeziwe lokuphepha oluhlaziya ukuziphatha kwefayela ngesikhathi sangempela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwengeza ukuvikelwa kwe-Apple, ikakhulukazi ezinsongweni ezishintsha ikhodi yabo ukuze igweme ukusayina kwe-XProtect.
Ukuba nesivikelo esisebenzayo kubha yemenyu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole amaphethini asolisayo ngaphambi kokuba umonakalo ungalungiseki. Ngokuhlanganisa amandla ehadiwe yesimanje nesofthiwe ehlaziya ikhodi ngekhodi kanye nefolda ngefolda , abasebenzisi bangaphequlula ngokuthula kwengqondo ukuthi ubumfihlo babo kanye neziqinisekiso kuphephile ngempela, bazivumelanise nesimo lapho izigebengu ziqala ukuhleleka khona.
