- Ukusetshenziswa kwehadiwe elungiselelwe njenge-Raspberry Pi 4 noma 5 enamakhadi e-SD ekilasi le-A2 ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza.
- Ukuqaliswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-HAOS ukuze kube lula ukuphathwa kwezengezo nezibuyekezo.
- Inqubo yokufaka elula kusetshenziswa i-Raspberry Pi Imager noma i-Balena Etcher.
- Ukucushwa kokufinyelela ngenethiwekhi yendawo kanye nokwenza ngcono kusetshenziswa i-IP engaguquki.
Uma uthanda umqondo wokuba nokulawula okuphelele kwekhaya lakho ngaphandle kokuthembela emafwini angaphandle noma ama-hub avaliwe akhuluma ulimi lwawo kuphela, setha iseva ye Umsizi Wasekhaya ku-Raspberry Pi Kumane kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu ongasenza. Kuyindlela engabizi futhi eguquguqukayo kakhulu yokufaka ndawonye zonke izibani zakho, izinzwa, namakhamera endaweni eyodwa, okukuvumela ukuthi udale okuzenzakalelayo okwenza ngempela ikhaya lakho libukeke njengento evela ku-movie yesayensi eqanjiwe.
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi awudingi ukuba uchwepheshe wekhompyutha ukuze ufeze lokhu. Ngokubekezela okuncane kanye nehadiwe efanele, ungasuka ekubeni nebhodi lesifunda elingenalutho uye ekuphatheni yonke i-ecosystem yakho yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekhaya kusuka kufoni yakho ephathekayo ngemizuzu embalwa. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizokutshela ukuthi kanjani. Konke odinga ukukwazikusukela kuziphi izingxenye okufanele sizithenge kuya endleleni yokuxazulula lezo zinkinga ezincane ngezinye izikhathi ezisicasulayo ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Imishini edingekayo: Yisiphi i-hardware okufanele uyikhethe?
Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale ukufaka isofthiwe, sidinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo siqinile. Nakuba kunezinketho eziningana, I-Raspberry Pi 4 kanye ne-5 Bayizindlovukazi ezingenakuphikiswa ngenxa yokulinganisela kwazo phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamandla nokusebenza. Nakuba i-Pi 4 yanele kakhulu emakhaya anosayizi ojwayelekile, i-Pi 5 iyirokhethi yangempela ngenxa yeprosesa yayo esheshayo, okubonakala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuphendula kwedatha kanye nokuqala kwezengezo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle, unganciphisi i-RAM; kungcono ukhethe imodeli ene- okungenani i-4 GB noma i-8 GBNakuba i-2GB inganele ukuqala ngayo. Ngokuphathelene nendawo yokugcina, khohlwa ngamakhadi e-SD ashibhile. Funa i- Ikhadi le-MicroSD le-Class 2 (A2) okungenani ama-32 GB, njengoba lawa enzelwe ukufunda nokubhala amafayela amancane njalo, okuyilokho kanye okwenziwa yi-Home Assistant.
- Ukudla Okusemthethweni: Ungasebenzisi amashaja efoni ajwayelekile. I-Pi 4 idinga i-5V/3A kanti i-Pi 5 idinga ugesi we-27W PD ukuvimbela ukuqalisa kabusha okungahleliwe.
- Ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi: Nakuba i-Wi-Fi ilula, ikhebula le-ethernet Kuyimpoqo ngesikhathi sokufakwa futhi kunconywa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ngenxa yokuqina kwayo.
- Izinsiza ezengeziwe: Isifundi sekhadi le-SD, futhi uma ufuna ukuphepha, ikhebula le-HDMI kanye nesikrini sokubona ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma uhlelo lungaqali.
Izinhlobo zokufaka: Yikuphi okungcono kakhulu?
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokusetha uhlelo, kodwa kubasebenzisi abaningi, inketho enconywayo yi- Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lomsizi Wasekhaya (HAOS)Luhlelo lokusebenza oluncane futhi oluvaliwe, oluklanyelwe ngqo ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Home Assistant. Inzuzo yalo eyinhloko ukuthi luhlanganisa Umphathi, que se encarga de gestionar las actualizaciones y permitirte instalar «Apps» o complementos de terceros sin tener que pelearte con la terminal de Linux.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona inguqulo Isitsha Somsizi WasekhayaLokhu kulungele labo asebevele benayo iseva ye-Docker futhi abakhetha ukuphatha uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwabo. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi le nguqulo Umphathi akakwazi ukukusekela noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zasendaweni, okusho ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi njenge-Z-Wave noma i-Thread kudinga ukusethwa ngesandla okuyisicefe kakhulu.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo: Ukurekhoda uhlelo ekhadini le-SD
Indlela elula yokwenza ikhaya lakho lisebenze kahle ukusebenzisa ithuluzi Okusajingijolo Pi ImagerOkokuqala, yilande bese uyifaka kukhompyutha yakho. Uma isivuliwe, inqubo ilula kakhulu: khetha imodeli yebhodi lakho (Pi 4 noma 5), iya esigabeni esithi Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza oluthileBheka isigaba sokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekhaya bese ukhetha umsizi wekhaya.
Uma ngesizathu esithile i-Imager ingasebenzi kuwe, noma ukhetha ukukwenza ngendlela yakudala, ungalanda isithombe esisemthethweni endaweni yokugcina i-GitHub bese usishisa usebenzisa UBalena EtcherMane nje ufake ikhadi le-SD, ukhethe ifayela elilandiwe, bese uchofoza i-flash. Khumbula lokho konke okuqukethwe yikhadi kuzosulwaNgakho qiniseka ukuthi awunalutho olubalulekile lapho.
Ukuqala kanye nokucushwa kokuqala
Uma ikhadi selilungile, lifake ku-Raspberry Pi, xhuma ikhebula le-Ethernet ku-router, bese ekugcineni, xhuma ugesiKusukela lapha, uhlelo luzoqala ukuzilungiselela. Kumamodeli e-Pi 4 noma 5, lokhu kuvame ukuthatha cishe umzuzu, yize lokhu kungahluka kuye ngesivinini sebhodi lakho.
Ukuze ufinyelele iphaneli yokulawula, vula isiphequluli ku-PC yakho noma kudivayisi yeselula (exhunywe kunethiwekhi efanayo) bese uthayipha ikheli http://homeassistant.local:8123Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, kuzodingeka uthole ikheli le-IP i-router yakho elinikeze i-Pi. Uma usunayo, i-wizard izokuqondisa ekudaleni i-akhawunti yakho yomlawuli, ichaze indawo yasekhaya lakho, nokukhetha uhlobo lwakho lwemali kanye nesistimu yokukhokha.
Amathiphu kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga
Ngezinye izikhathi izinto azisebenzi okokuqala. Uma kudlula imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5 futhi ungaboni i-web interface, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kungenxa yesithombe akuqoshwanga kahle noma ikhadi le-SD linephutha. Zama ukuphinda ukhanyise ikhadi noma usebenzise elihlukile. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, xhuma i-monitor nge-HDMI ukuze ufunde amalogi esistimu bese ukhomba iphutha eliqondile.
Icebiso legolide lokugwema izinhlungu zekhanda zesikhathi esizayo ukusetha I-Static IP kusuka ku-router yakho. Ngale ndlela, ikheli lakho leseva ngeke lishintshe njalo lapho i-router iqala kabusha, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufinyelela kwakho kwangaphandle kanye nezilungiselelo zisebenza njalo. Kubasebenzisi be-Pi 5, intuthuko enkulu ukuhambisa isitoreji sekhadi le-SD ku- I-SSD nge-PCIe, okwandisa kakhulu isivinini sokuphendula kwesistimu.
Ukuba nesikhungo sokulawula esisebenzisa i-home automation esisekelwe kwi-hardware ye-Raspberry Pi kanye ne-software ye-HAOS kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwamadivayisi avela kumikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kuqeda ukuthembela kuma-hub azimele. Kusukela ekukhetheni ibhodi le-A2 kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile, kuya ekukhanyeni nge-Raspberry Pi Imager, kuya ekulungiseleleni ikheli le-IP elingaguquki, yonke imininingwane ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhaya lakho elihlakaniphile lisebenza kahle futhi linobumfihlo obukhulu.