- I-WLED iyi-firmware yomthombo ovulekile eyenzelwe ngqo ukuphatha imichilo ye-LED ekwazi ukubhekelwa kusetshenziswa ama-microcontroller e-ESP32 noma e-ESP8266.
- Ukukhetha ugesi ofanele kanye nohlobo lwe-chip ye-LED (njenge-WS2812B) kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo wehadiwe kanye nokwehla kwamandla kagesi.
- Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Home Assistant kukuvumela ukuthi uguqule umugqa olula wezibani ube uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokuzenzakalela ekhaya olune-automation olusekelwe kuzinzwa noma idatha yangaphandle.
Cishe uke wazibona lezo zibani ze-LED ezibonakala sengathi zivele ngqo kwi-movie yesayensi, lapho imibala igeleza khona futhi isabela kukho konke. Nakuba kunezinkulungwane zezifundo laphaya, eziningi zazo ziklwebha indawo noma zinikeza imiyalelo ezwakala sengathi ibhalwe yirobhothi. Yingakho sifuna ukukunikeza... umhlahlandlela ocacile nofundisayolapho ungakopishi nje kuphela futhi unamathisele, kodwa uyaqonda ukuthi wenzani ngezintambo kanye nekhodi ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinguquko zakho ngaphandle kokwesaba ukushisa noma yini.
Umqondo lapha awukona nje ukuthi izibani zikhanye, kodwa futhi ukuthi zibe yingxenye yesimiso semvelo esihlakaniphile. Sizokufaka konke lokhu Umsizi Wekhaya...okuwubuchopho obuphelele bokuzisebenzela ekhaya, ngakho-ke imichilo yakho ye-LED ayikwazi ukushintsha umbala kuphela, kodwa futhi ikwazi ukukuxwayisa ngezinto eziwusizo noma ukudala izindawo ezizenzakalelayo. Lungela, ngoba sizobuyekeza imiqondo kagesi, amanethiwekhi, kanye nokulawula ukuze... akudingeki ukuthi ugxumele kwamanye amawebhusayithi ngenkathi usetha iphrojekthi yakho.
Yini okudingeka siyithenge? Ihadiwe efanele
Ukuze ugweme ukudubula ebumnyameni, into yokuqala ukuba nezinto ezifanele. Ngokuyisisekelo, sidinga izinto ezintathu: i-smart LED strip, i-microcontroller ye-ESP32, kanye nogesi ongeke uqhume. Ungathembi noma yisiphi isikhangiso se-inthanethi; kukhona imininingwane yobuchwepheshe eyenza umehluko phakathi kwephrojekthi yobungcweti kanye nephrojekthi ekhanya ngoba intula amandla.
Ukukhetha i-LED strip ephelele
No todas las tiras son iguales. Las «tontas» solo hacen una cosa: encenderse en un color fijo. Nosotros buscamos imichilo ye-LED ekwazi ukubhekelwa kanye nokukhanya kwe-RGBokusivumela ukuthi silawule indawo ngayinye encane yokukhanya ngokuzimela. Evame kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu yi-WS2811 kanye ne-WS2812B. Umehluko oyinhloko ukuthi nge-WS2811 ulawula amaqembu ama-LED amathathu, kuyilapho usebenzisa I-WS2812B ingashayela i-LED ngayinye ngamunye ngamunye, okunikeza isikhala esikhulu kakhulu sezithombe ezinyakazayo.
A la hora de elegir, fíjate en la densidad (cuántos LEDs hay por metro). Cuantos más haya, la luz se verá más continua y no como «puntos» separados, aunque esto dispara el consumo eléctrico. También está el tema de la Ukuvikelwa kwe-IPUma uzofaka izibani egumbini lokuphumula, isilinganiso se-IP30 sanele, kodwa uma uhlela ukukhanyisa ithala noma, kwazi bani, ichibi lokubhukuda, uzodinga... Ukuvikelwa kwe-IP65 noma i-IP68 ukuze amanzi angathumeli konke emathuneni.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla: Inhliziyo kagesi
Yilapho abantu abaningi bephambuka khona. I-LED strip idla amandla amaningi kakhulu kune-ESP32, ngakho-ke silinganisa ukunikezwa kwamandla ngokusekelwe enanini lama-LED. Uma sisebenzisa i-5V strip, sidinga ukunikezwa kwamandla angu-5V. Ukubala okusheshayo: i-LED ngayinye idla cishe ama-0.2W. Uma unemitha emi-3 enama-LED angu-30 ngemitha, sikhuluma... 18W inani lamandlaSisebenzisa ifomula ethi P = I x V, siyazi ukuthi sidinga okungenani ama-Amps angu-3.6. Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele sithenge ugesi ohambayo i-amperage eyengeziwe ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile nokuvumela ukwanda kwesikhathi esizayo.
Ubuchopho: ESP32 vs ESP8266
Nakuba i-ESP8266 (njenge-NodeMCU) yayiyinkosi isikhathi eside, I-ESP32 ingukuvela okunengqondoInamandla kakhulu, inomgogodla okabili, kanye nezikhonkwane zokufaka/zokukhipha ezengeziwe. Kuma-WLED, kuyindlela ephumelelayo ngoba iphatha imiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi kangcono futhi inokuxhumana kwe-Wi-Fi okuzinzile kakhudlwana. Ishibhile kakhulu futhi Ihlanganisa ngokuphelele nganoma yiluphi uhlelo lwekhaya oluhlakaniphile.
Ukufakwa kwe-firmware ye-WLED
Khohlwa ngokufaka izindawo zokuhlela eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-Arduino IDE uma ungafuni izinkinga. Okwamanje, kukhona isifaki sewebhu esisemthethweni ku-install.wled.me eyenza wonke umsebenzi ongcolile. Udinga nje ukuxhuma i-ESP32 yakho kwi-PC usebenzisa ikhebula le-USB (qiniseka ukuthi iyi- ikhebula ledatha hhayi ikhebula lokushaja kuphela) bese uchofoza inkinobho yokufaka kusuka ku-Chrome noma ku-Edge.
Uma isiphequluli singayiboni ipuleti lelayisensi, cishe kuzodingeka ufake Abashayeli be-chip ye-USB (como el CP2102 o CH340). Una vez flasheado, el dispositivo creará su propia red WiFi llamada «WLED-AP». Te conectas a ella con la clave wled1234 Futhi kusukela lapho ufaka imininingwane ye-router yakho. Icebiso lochwepheshe: yinikeze i- Ikheli le-IP elingaguquki kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo ukuze i-Home Assistant ingalahlekelwa umkhondo wedivayisi uma i-router iqala kabusha.
Ukuhlanganiswa ngokomzimba kanye nokufakwa kwezintambo
Uma uxhuma, khumbula umthetho wegolide: sebenza njalo ngaphandle kokucindezelekaSixhuma i-5V kusuka kugesi kuya kokubili ku-VIN pin ye-ESP32 kanye ne-positive pin ye-strip. I-GND (ground) kumele ifane kuzo zonke izingxenye. Ikhebula ledatha le-strip (DIN) livame ukuya ku- I-GPIO 2 noma i-GPIO 16 ye-ESP32, kuye ngokuthi imodeli injani. Kubalulekile ukuhlonipha isiqondiso sedatha, okukhonjiswa yimicibisholo ku-LED strip; uma uyixhuma ngemuva, akukho lutho oluzokwenzeka.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi ama-LED ekugcineni komugqa afiphele noma aphenduka aphuzi, kungenxa yokwehla kwamandla kagesi. Isixazululo yilesi faka futhi ugesi wamanje ekugcineni kusukela ku-strip noma ezindaweni eziphakathi, ukuxhuma izintambo zikagesi ngqo emthonjeni, njalo kugcina i-polarity efanayo.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuthuthukisiwe ne-Home Assistant
Ukuba newebhusayithi yokushintsha imibala kuhle, kodwa umlingo wangempela uyenzeka Umsizi Wekhaya. Al estar en la misma red, el sistema detectará el dispositivo WLED automáticamente. Una vez añadido, puedes crear automatizaciones que parecen brujería. Por ejemplo, puedes configurar un «semáforo eléctrico» que cambie el color de la tira según el intengo kagesi yesikhathi sangempela (luhlaza uma kushibhile, obomvu uma kubiza kakhulu).
Ungaxhumanisa futhi izibani nezinzwa zokunyakaza ukuze ukhanyise indlela yakho eya endlini yokugezela ebusuku. ukukhanya okuthambile, okufudumelenoma ukuthi zikhanye ngokubomvu uma othile evula umnyango wangaphambili. Kudeshibhodi ye-HA, ungangeza ikhadi elithile le-WLED ukuze uphathe izingxenye ze-stripokukuvumela ukuthi uphathe umucu owodwa njengokungathi yizibani eziningana ezizimele.
Kubasebenzisi abafuna kakhulu, imakrofoni (njenge-INMP441) ingafakwa ku-ESP32 ukuze kwenziwe izibani. sabela esigqini somculoukuguqula ukusethwa kwemidlalo yakho noma igumbi lokuphumula libe yiklabhu yasebusuku yangempela. Konke lokhu kuphathwa ngaphandle kokubhala ikhodi, ngokumane uhlanganise izinto ze-WLED ngaphakathi kokuzenzakalela kweseva yakho yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekhaya.
Ukuba nohlelo lokukhanyisa olusekelwe ku-ESP32 kanye ne-WLED kukuvumela ukuthi usuke kumugqa wokuhlobisa olula uye kuthuluzi lolwazi kanye nesimo esizenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, lapho isihluthulelo sisekukhetheni izingxenye zikagesi ezifanele nokusebenzisa amandla oMsizi Wasekhaya ukuxhumanisa konke kusuka kuphaneli yokulawula eyodwa.
