Ubuholi kusofthiwe: izihluthulelo zamaqembu obuchwepheshe aholayo

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El ubuholi kusofthiwe Sekuyisici esibalulekile ekuqedeni ngempumelelo amaphrojekthi obuchwepheshe. Amaqembu ayakhula, ubuchwepheshe buhlala bushintsha, futhi izidingo zebhizinisi azipheli, ngakho-ke ukwazi nje ukuthi ungahlela kanjani kahle akusanele: kudingeka umuntu ongakwazi ukuxhumanisa, ukushukumisa, nokwenza izinqumo phakathi nobunzima obunjalo.

Umholi omuhle ekuhlanganiseni ubunjiniyela besofthiwe ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe, amakhono abantu, kanye nesimo sengqondo samasuAkukhona nje kuphela "lowo owazi kakhulu ngekhodi," kodwa kumayelana nalowo ohumusha izinhloso zebhizinisi zibe izixazululo zangempela, onakekela abantu, futhi owakha isiko leqembu eliphilile eligxile emiphumeleni futhi elilungele ushintsho oluqhubekayo.

Kusho ukuthini ukuhola amaqembu okuthuthukisa isofthiwe namuhla?

Kulesi simo samanje, ukuhola ithimba lobuchwepheshe kuhilela ukuphatha abantu, ubuchwepheshe kanye noshintsho Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imijikelezo yokusungula izinto ezintsha imfushane, izakhiwo ziya ngokuya ziba yinkimbinkimbi, futhi amakhasimende alindele ukulethwa njalo kwenani, ngakho-ke ubuholi abusenakuqina noma bube ngokwezinga elithile.

Umholi wesofthiwe ophumelelayo uyaqonda ukuthi umthwalo wakhe wemfanelo ungaphezu kokwabela imisebenzi nje kuphela: kumele dala indawo lapho iqembu lingenza khona kahle kakhuluUkufunda ngokushesha, ukuzama ngokuphephile, nokuphendula ezintweni eziza kuqala ebhizinisini ngaphandle kokukhathala endleleni.

Kulesi simo, i- izindlela ezisheshayo I-Scrum, i-Kanban, kanye nezinhlaka ze-hybrid sezibe yindinganiso ngoba zenza kube lula ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqhubekayo. Umholi wezobuchwepheshe noma wephrojekthi usebenza njengomgqugquzeli walezi zinhlaka, esiza ithimba ukuthi lizihlele, liphathe umsebenzi walo, futhi lilethe inani ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphrojekthi amaningi ahilela ukusebenza ne isofthiwe yangokwezifisoLokhu kuthonywa kakhulu yizidingo ezithile zamakhasimende noma inhlangano uqobo. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi umholi akwazi ukucacisa izidingo ezingacacile, abeke phambili izinto ngendlela engokoqobo, futhi axoxisane nababambiqhaza lapho kuvela ukungezwani phakathi kobubanzi, izinsuku zokugcina, kanye nekhwalithi.

Amakhono obuholi abalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe

Ukuze abe nomthelela wangempela eqenjini lentuthuko, umholi udinga isethi amakhono obuchwepheshe, okuxhumana nabantu kanye nokuphathaAkukhona ukuphelela kukho konke, kodwa mayelana nokuba nesilinganiso esiqinile kuzo zonke izici nokwazi ukuthi kufanele uthembele nini kwabanye abantu.

Ezingeni lomuntu, ukuxhumana okusebenzayo Yisisekelo. Kufanele ukwazi ukuchaza izinhloso, izinqumo, kanye nezinto eziza kuqala kalula, kodwa futhi ulalele ngempela ukukhathazeka kweqembu. Umholi okhuluma kuphela futhi angalaleli ugcina engasakwazi ukubhekana nezinto zansuku zonke.

Elinye ikhono elibalulekile yileli ukwenza izinqumo zamasuEkuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe, kufanele ukhethe ubuchwepheshe, ulahle izici, wamukele isikweletu sobuchwepheshe, noma ushintshe indlela lapho okuthile kungasebenzi. Ukwenza izinqumo ezinhle kuhilela ukuqonda imiphumela yesikhathi eside, ukuhlola izingozi, kanye nokuba sobala nethimba mayelana nesizathu ngemuva kokukhetha ngakunye.

La ukuphathwa kwezingxabano Futhi akunakugwenywa. Esimweni esinokucindezeleka, isikhathi esibekiwe, kanye nemibono eqinile yobuchwepheshe, kuvela ukungezwani. Umholi omuhle akakufihli: ubhekana nakho, alamule phakathi kwamaqembu, futhi aphendule ukungezwani kube yithuba lokuthuthukisa izinqubo, ubudlelwano, kanye nezivumelwano.

Ekugcineni, kukhona ikhono lokwenza khuthaza futhi ulondoloze ukuzibophezelaAkukhona ukunikeza izinkulumo ezidumile njalo ngeviki, kodwa mayelana nokuqaphela umsebenzi omuhle, ukubeka imigomo eyinselele kodwa efinyelelekayo, kanye nokunakekela inhlalakahle yeqembu. Lapho abantu bezwa ukuthi umzamo wabo ubalulekile nokuthi banendawo yokukhula, bayazibandakanya kakhulu.

Indlela yokwakha ithimba eliqinile lokuthuthukisa isofthiwe

Indlela iqembu lobuchwepheshe elihlelwe ngayo kufanele ibonise izinto eziza kuqala kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthiIbhizinisi elincane eliqala i-MVP alifani nomkhiqizo wenkampani onokuhlanganiswa okuningi namaqembu asatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amazwe.

Njengesiqalo, kubalulekile ukuhlonza ngokucacile izindima ezibalulekile futhi ivikelekile ukwamukelwa okuhleNgokuvamile, iqembu lihlanganisa abathuthukisi be-backend kanye ne-frontend, abaklami be-UX/UI, amaphrofayili e-QA noma okuhlola, umuntu ophethe ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi (uMphathi Wephrojekthi, Umnikazi Womkhiqizo), futhi, ezimweni eziningi, umholi wezobuchwepheshe osebenza njengereferensi yezakhiwo kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kwamaphrofayili athile, kubalulekile ukulinganisela amakhono obuchwepheshe kanye namakhono athambileIthimba eligcwele ochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe kodwa elingenalo ikhono lokuxoxisana, uzwela noma ukubambisana liyaphela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izinkinga ezinkulu zokuqala.

Isakhiwo kumele futhi sivumelane ubukhulu kanye nobunzima bomkhiqizoEmizamweni emikhulu, kuvamile ukuhlukanisa umsebenzi ube amaqembu amaningana akhethekile (ngokwezizinda ezisebenzayo, ngezendlalelo zokwakha, ngamapulatifomu afana newebhu/iselula) asebenza ngendlela ehlelekile. Kumaphrojekthi amancane, umuntu ofanayo angahlanganisa izindima eziningana.

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu ukukhuthaza ukuhlukana kwezigwegweUma abaklami, abathuthukisi, i-QA, kanye nochwepheshe bebhizinisi behlala phansi ndawonye ukuze baxoxe ngezinkinga, kuvela izixazululo eziningi zokudala futhi ukungaqondani kuyancipha. Ukwabelana ngolwazi kuyo yonke iminyango kuqinisa ubumbano lweqembu futhi kunciphisa ukuhlangana kwamaqembu.

Ezindaweni ezisheshayo ngokuvamile kunendima ubuholi obucacile kodwa obuguquguqukayo (I-Scrum Master, i-Tech Lead, i-Delivery Lead) engagcini nje ngokunikeza ama-oda, kodwa futhi enza kube lula ukuxhumana, asuse izithiyo, futhi asize ithimba ukuthi ligxile kulokho okubalulekile ekuphindaphindweni ngakunye.

Izinselele ezivamile lapho kuhola amaqembu okuthuthukisa isofthiwe

Ukuphatha ithimba lobuchwepheshe kuhilela ukubhekana nochungechunge lwezinkinga izinselele eziphindaphindayo okungaphazamisa imiphumela kanye nesimo sangaphakathi. Ukwazi ukuthi ungakulindela kanjani nokuyiphatha kanjani kuyingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi womholi.

Enye yezinkulu kakhulu yi- ukuphathwa koshintsho kwezobuchwephesheIzilimi, izinhlaka, imikhuba ye-DevOps, kanye namathuluzi okubuka ahlala eshintsha. Uma iqembu lingaqhubeki, lisala ngemuva; uma lishintsha inqwaba yalo njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu, liphila esiphithiphithini esingapheli. Icebo ukudala isiko lokufunda okuqhubekayo, kodwa ngokwahlulela okuhle.

Amaqembu esofthiwe avame ukuhlukahluka kakhulu ngokwezizinda, amasiko, kanye nezindlela zokusebenza. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuyimpahla, kodwa kungadala nezinselele. ukungqubuzana kwamasiko nokuxhumanaUmholi kumele amise imithetho ecacile yokubambisana, akhuthaze inhlonipho, futhi adale izikhala lapho ukungezwani kungaxazululwa khona ngaphandle kokwesaba.

Enye inselele ebalulekile yi- ukugcinwa kwethalenteImakethe ifuna ngentshiseko amaphrofayili obuchwepheshe, futhi inzuzo ephezulu ingaba yingozi kakhulu. Ukugcina abantu kuhilela ukunikeza amathuba okukhula, indawo ethembekile, izimo zokuncintisana, kanye nomuzwa wenhloso ohlobene nomkhiqizo owakhiwayo.

Konke lokhu kudinga indlela yokuthatha isinyathelo kuqala: ukuqeqeshwa, ukubandakanywa, indawo yokusebenza enhle kanye nokuthuthukiswa komsebenziUkutshala imali kulezi zindlela akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukuphelelwa yithalente, kodwa futhi kwandisa ugqozi kanye nekhono leqembu lokubhekana namaphrojekthi akhula ngokukhula.

Indima yomholi wezobuchwepheshe kumaphrojekthi esofthiwe

Ngaphakathi kwephrojekthi yokuthuthukisa, umholi wezobuchwepheshe uvame ukuba yi- ubudlelwano phakathi kobuchwepheshe nebhizinisiLo muntu uhumusha izidingo zababambiqhaza zibe imiklamo yokwakha ehambisanayo, izingxenye, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye nezinqumo zobuchwepheshe.

Phakathi kwemithwalo yemfanelo yayo kukhona ukuchaza isakhiwo sesistimu kanye nezindinganiso zekhwalithiAmaphethini okuklama, iziqondiso zesitayela sekhodi, izindlela zokubuyekeza, izinqubomgomo zokuhlola, ukuphepha, kanye nokusebenza. Kuphinde kuqinisekise ukuthi ithimba lisebenzisa imikhuba yesimanje (i-CI/CD, ukubuyekezwa kwekhodi, ukuzenzekela) nokuthi izikweletu zobuchwepheshe aziphumi ngaphandle kokulawula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukudlala indima ebalulekile ku- ukwelulekwa kobuchwephesheKusiza amaphrofayili amancane ukuba akhule, kusekela ukuxazululwa kwezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuhambisana nethimba ekwamukelweni kobuchwepheshe obusha noma izindlela (isibonelo, ukusuka ku-monolith kuya ku-microservices, noma ukwethula ukwakheka okusekelwe emicimbini).

Ezingeni lobudlelwano, umholi wezobuchwepheshe udinga okuhle amakhono okuxhumana nokuxoxisanaKumelwe ugcine izingxoxo ezicacile nabathuthukisi kanye nabantu abangebona abezobuchwepheshe (umkhiqizo, ibhizinisi, amakhasimende), uchaze izingozi, ezinye izindlela kanye nezilinganiso ngaphandle kokuwela ekukhulumeni okungadingekile kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ezimweni eziningi, ibambisana eduze nabaphathi bephrojekthi ukuze Hlanganisa izici zobuchwepheshe nezinsuku zokugcina kanye nesabelomaliUma ubona ukuthi into ethile ayinakwenzeka ngesikhathi esitholakalayo, indima yakho ukuphakamisa isandla sakho ngesikhathi bese uphakamisa ezinye izindlela ezingokoqobo esikhundleni sokwamukela izithembiso ezingenakwenzeka.

Amakhono obuchwepheshe abalulekile obuholi kusofthiwe

Nakuba indima yomholi ingabandakanyi ukuhlela usuku lonke, idinga isisekelo sobuchwepheshe esiqinile nesisesikhathiniNgaphandle kwalokho, ukwethembeka eqenjini kuyalahleka futhi kwenziwa izinqumo ezinganolwazi oluphelele.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda, okungenani ezingeni lomqondo, izilimi ezibalulekile kanye nobuchwepheshe besitaki (isibonelo, i-Java, i-Python, i-JavaScript/TypeScript, i-C#, njll.), ukuqonda ukuthi izizindalwazi zisebenza kanjani, ukuphatha amathuluzi okulawula izinguqulo njenge-Git, kanye nokwazi izinhlaka ezifanele (i-React, i-Angular, i-Django, i-Spring, phakathi kwezinye).

Ukuqonda Izindlela ze-Agile kanye nemikhuba ye-DevOpsUkulethwa okuqhubekayo, ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo, imigudu yokuthunyelwa, ingqalasizinda njengekhodi, ukuqapha, kanye nokubhalisa. Lawa makhono avumela izinqumo ezingcono mayelana nendlela yokuhlela umjikelezo wokuphila kwentuthuko kanye nendlela yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ekukhiqizeni.

Ukufunda okuqhubekayo kubalulekile: ubuchwepheshe bushintsha ngokushesha, futhi umholi obambelela kulokho akufundile eminyakeni edlule uba yisithiyo. Bamba iqhaza ku izingqungquthela, izifundo, imiphakathi kanye nokufundwa okukhethekile Kuyasiza ekubikezeleni izitayela, ukuhlola amathuluzi amasha, nokuthola izingozi zobuchwepheshe ngaphambi kokuba sekwephuze kakhulu.

Okokugcina, amakhono obuchwepheshe ahlanganiswe ngokugcwele Ukuphatha iphrojekthiUkulinganisa imizamo, ukuhlonza izithiyo, ukukhetha indlela yokwakha efanele kakhulu, noma ukuhlela ukufuduka okuyinkimbinkimbi kuyizinqumo lapho ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe benza khona umehluko omkhulu.

Amandla amakhono athambile ebuholini bezobuchwepheshe

Ezindaweni zobunjiniyela, kukhona ukuthambekela kokubukela phansi amakhono athambileKodwa lezi yizo kanye izimfanelo ezihlukanisa uchwepheshe omuhle nomholi weqiniso. Ngaphandle kwazo, umklamo omuhle kakhulu emhlabeni uhlala ungumbhalo ongekho olandelwa muntu.

La ukuxhumana okucacile okuvumelaniswe nomuntu oxhumana naye Kubalulekile. Ukukhuluma nosomabhizinisi akufani nokukhuluma nomqambi wezakhiwo, futhi ukukhuluma nesisebenzi esincane akufani nokukhuluma nesisebenzi esiphezulu. Ukwazi ukuhumusha imiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi ibe ulimi olulula kuvimbela ukungaqondani futhi kusindisa amahora amaningi omsebenzi ochithwayo.

Ukuphathwa kwezingxabano kungenye into ebalulekile. Emaqenjini okuthuthukisa, kuvela ukungezwani mayelana nezinqumo zobuchwepheshe, izinto eziza kuqala, noma izindlela zokusebenza. Umholi kumele thola umsuka wengxabanoLalela uhlangothi ngalunye, funa indawo enivumelana kuyo futhi wenze kube lula ngezivumelwano lapho wonke umuntu angazizwa ekhululekile khona.

Lawa makhono athinta ngqo amandla eqembuIndawo lapho abantu bengakhuluma khona ngokukhululekile, banikeze impendulo eyakhayo, futhi baxazulule ukungavumelani ngendlela evuthiwe ikhuthaza ubuhlakani obukhulu kanye nokubambisana. Abantu bazizwa bekhululekile ukuphakamisa imibono, ukuveza izinkinga, kanye nokuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo.

Ngamafuphi, amakhono athambile yiwo avumela lonke ulwazi lobuchwepheshe ukuba imiphumela eqondile neqhubekayoNgaphandle kwabo, amaphrojekthi agcwele ukungezwani, ugqozi luyehla, futhi kuyindaba yesikhathi nje ngaphambi kokuba ithalente lihambe.

Ukuphathwa kwamaphrojekthi ezindaweni zokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe

Ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi yesofthiwe kuwumsebenzi ku Ibhalansi eqhubekayo phakathi kobubanzi, isikhathi, izindleko, kanye nekhwalithiUbuholi bezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphathwa kwamaphrojekthi kumele kuhambisane, kungabi yizingxenye ezihlukene.

Ngokombono wobuchwepheshe kuphela, umholi uyaqinisekisa ukuthi ukwakheka kanye nezinqumo zesitaki Ziyahambisana nezinhloso zomkhiqizo kanye namakhono eqembu. Zibikezela izingozi (ukusebenza, ukuphepha, ukugcinwa) futhi iphakamisa amasu okunciphisa lokhu ngaphambi kokuba kukhule kakhulu ekukhiqizeni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhono abantu ayisisekelo ukuphatha okulindelwe kanye nezinto eziza kuqalaKufanele ukwazi ukuthi “cha” noma “hhayi okwamanje” lapho kucelwa okwengeziwe kuwe kunalokho iqembu elingakwazi ukukusingatha, uchaze ukuthi izinguquko ezithile zihilelani, futhi ugcine abathintekayo benolwazi ngentuthuko, izithiyo, kanye nokuphambuka.

Ukubambisana okuseduze phakathi komholi wezobuchwepheshe kanye nomphathi wephrojekthi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlela akuyona isenzo sokholo. Uma bobabili babelana ngolwazi futhi besekelana, izilinganiso zingokoqobo kakhuluIzinguquko ziphathwa kangcono futhi izinqumo zenziwa ngedatha, hhayi ngengcindezi kuphela.

Kulesi simo, imikhuba yokuguquguquka (ama-sprints, ama-daily, ama-retrospectives, ama-flow board) inikeza umholi uhlaka lokwenza kanjalo. hlola futhi uvumelane nezimo ukuqapha njalo ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwa kanjani, ukulungisa izinqubo, izinto eziza kuqala, kanye nezinsizakusebenza ngokwalokho okwenzekayo kuphrojekthi.

Amamodeli obuholi emaqenjini esofthiwe

Empeleni, ubuholi kumaphrojekthi esofthiwe buvame ukusebenzisa izitayela ezahlukene kuye ngesimoUkuvuthwa kwethimba kanye nesiko lenhlangano. Ayikho imodeli eyodwa esebenzayo kuze kube phakade.

Ezikhathini zenhlekelele (iphrojekthi eseceleni kokwehluleka, amakhasimende angakwazi ukwehluleka, izehlakalo ezinkulu) isitayela "umkhuzi omkhulu"Ungumuntu owenza izinqumo ezisheshayo, othatha umthwalo wemfanelo, obeka isiqondiso esicacile, futhi onika iqembu umuzwa wokuthi othile usesikhundleni phakathi nesiphepho.

Kodwa-ke, ubuholi obunobushiqela ngokweqile bungaholela ukuhlushwa yisimo sengqondo kanye nokuntuleka kokuzimelaIkakhulukazi emaqenjini anolwazi. Uma umlawuli eba isitayela esihlala njalo, abantu bayayeka ukuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa bese belalela nje.

Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi lapho iqembu lidinga isiqondiso futhi lisantula ulwazi, iphrofayili yalo UmqeqeshiLapha, umholi ugxila ekuthuthukiseni abantu, echaza izizathu zezinqumo, ecela imibono, futhi enikeza impendulo eqhubekayo, ekha amakhono esikhathi eside.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umgomo uwukuqhubekela phambili esibonelweni lapho iqembu libumbene futhi lishukumiseleka khona kangangokuthi lingakwazi ukuzihlelaKulezi zimo, ubuholi busabalele kakhulu: umuntu ngamunye uthatha umthwalo wemfanelo endaweni yakhe futhi amalungu ahlukene athatha izintambo ngokwezidingo zaleso sikhathi.

Ubuholi kusukela ngaphakathi kuya ngaphandle: amazinga ethonya

Kusetshenziswa kubunjiniyela besofthiwe, umqondo we "Ubuholi kusukela ngaphakathi kuya ngaphandle" Kugcizelela ukuthi igunya langempela livela ebuntwini, ezindinganisweni, nasekuhambisaneni komuntu siqu, hhayi nje esikhundleni eshadini lenhlangano.

Le ndlela iphakamisa inqubekela phambili amazinga obuholiEzingeni eliyisisekelo, abantu balandela umholi ngoba kulindelekile, ngenxa yesikhundla sabo esisemthethweni. Njengoba kutholakala ukwethenjwa nokwethenjwa, abantu balandela ngoba befuna, ngoba bayaqaphela igalelo lomholi enhlanganweni, futhi ekugcineni, ngoba bayakwazisa lokho lowo mholi abenzele kona.

Esimweni sesofthiwe, lokhu kuhunyushwa kube abaholi abangagcini nje ngokuqedela amaphrojekthi ngempumelelo, kodwa futhi Bathuthukisa abanye abaholiBasiza ngokukhushulwa kwangaphakathi futhi basize ekuchazeni izinhlelo zomsebenzi. izitifiketi futhi wabelane ngezinhlaka zokukhula ezivumela ithimba ukuthi lithuthuke ngokomsebenzi.

Ukukhuphuka njengomholi kudinga isikhathi, ukuhambisana kanye nokuzigxekaUkuthola ukwethenjwa yiqembu kuyinqubo ehamba kancane, kanti ukulahlekelwa yiyo kungenzeka ngezinqumo ezimbalwa ezimbi noma ukuziphatha okungaguquki. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugcina ubuqotho nokungafihli lutho nsuku zonke.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bashintsha besuka ekubeni ngabathuthukisi ngabanye baye ekubeni nemithwalo yemfanelo yokuphatha. Kulolu shintsho, ukugxila kuyashintsha kusuka kukhodi kuye kubantu, futhi ukusebenza ezicini zangaphakathi (izindinganiso, inhloso, isitayela sokuxhumana) kuba kubaluleke njengokuqonda kahle inqwaba yobuchwepheshe.

Isiko leqembu kanye nobuholi obuphindaphindayo

Isiko leqembu emkhakheni wesofthiwe lithonya ngqo ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, kanye nokugcinwa kwamakhonoIndawo yokubambisana, lapho ulwazi lwabelwana khona futhi impumelelo iqashelwa khona, yenza umehluko omkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo enobuthi noma yokuzimela.

Kulesi simo, umqondo wokuthi ubuholi obuphindaphindayoBangabaholi abangagcini nje ngokunikeza imiyalelo, kodwa futhi abakhuthaza labo ababazungezile ukuba bacabange ngokujulile, babe nesibindi, futhi babhekane nezinselele ezinkulu. Banika amandla abantu ngabanye, babeke izinselele, futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ukuze umuntu ngamunye akwazi ukunqoba ukulinganiselwa kwakhe.

Umholi ophindaphindayo ukhuthaza abantu ukuthi bathathe indima ebonakalayo ekwenzeni izinqumo, okuqinisa umuzwa wokuba ngumnikazi womkhiqizoUma ithimba linomuzwa wokuthi "nalokhu kungokwabo", kuthathwa ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe ngekhwalithi, izinqamuleli eziyingozi ziyangatshazwa, futhi kufunwa izixazululo zokudala ezengeziwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitayela sobuholi sigxile ku bona umsebenzi owenziwe kahleAkukhona nje kuphela ngemiklomelo esemthethweni, kodwa mayelana nokubonga obala iminikelo, ukugqamisa umzamo owenziwe emisebenzini engabonakali kakhulu, kanye nokugubha ukunqoba kweqembu.

Uma kwenzeka ushintsho oluqhubekayo, abaholi abaphindaphindayo bayasiza ekwakheni izinhlangano ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. okusha, okuxhumene futhi okusebenzisanayolapho abantu befunda khona njalo, bezihlela, futhi begcina ukuxhumana okuguquguqukayo kanye nempendulo eqhubekayo.

Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zobuholi obuphumelelayo kusofthiwe

Ngaphandle kwamamodeli emfundiso, emisebenzini yansuku zonke yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe kunezinhlobo eziningi imikhuba ebambekayo ezisiza ekusebenziseni ubuholi obuphumelelayo nobuvumelana nezimo ngaphakathi kwamaqembu.

Ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezinkulu, kuyalulekwa ukuthi khomba ngokucacile amabhuleki amanjeIzinqubo zehhovisi, amathuluzi angasebenzi kahle, ukuntuleka kokucaca ezintweni eziza kuqala, izingozi ezingalawulwa, njll. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini evimba umkhiqizo wangempela kuvimbela ukuqala "ukuguqulwa kwe-agile" okushintsha kuphela amagama emihlangano.

Chaza ngokunembile izindima kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo kusukela ekuqaleni Le phrojekthi inciphisa ukungezwani okuningi okulandelayo. Ukwazi ukuthi ubani onquma ini, ubani ophethe indawo ngayinye, nokuthi yini elindelekile endimeni ngayinye kudala ukuphepha nokuzimela.

Umholi wanamuhla kumele avumele okuthile ukuzilawula okuhlelekileAkukhona mayelana nokungalawuleki okuphelele, kodwa mayelana nokunikeza amaqembu ithuba lokuzihlela ngendlela yawo ngenkathi ehlala ehambisana nesu elicacile, imigomo elinganisekayo, kanye nohlaka lokubambisana oluhlanganyelwe.

Ukunikeza abanye umsebenzi kubalulekile: ukwethemba abantu abanolwazi, ulwazi, namandla okwenza izinqumo ezingeni labo kwandisa isivinini kanye nekhwalithi yempendulo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile Susa ukwengamela okungadingekile kanye nezikhulu zikahulumeni lokho kwengeza ukungezwani ngaphandle kokunikeza inani langempela.

Okokugcina, umholi wesofthiwe kumele ahlakulele umkhuba wokwenza yima ucabangeEzikhathini eziningi zokulethwa kwezimpahla, amathikithi, kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo, ukubeka eceleni isikhathi sokucabanga ngendlela osebenza ngayo, okudingeka kushintshwe, kanye nokuqeqeshwa okudingayo okubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukubhajwa ku-autopilot.

Ubuholi kumaphrojekthi esofthiwe luhambo oluqhubekayo lokulungisa phakathi kwabantu, izinqubo, kanye nobuchwepheshe: noma ngubani othatha le ndima futhi ahlanganise umbono wezobuchwepheshe, amakhono abantu, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ufinyelela amaqembu ashukumisekile kakhudlwana, imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nezinhlangano ezilungele kangcono konke okulandelayo.