- Isizinda kanye nemfundo: wazalwa ngo-1906, wafunda izibalo kanye nefiziksi eVassar futhi wathola iziqu zobudokotela eYale; wayenesifiso sobunjiniyela kusukela ebuntwaneni.
- Inkonzo Yasemanzini kanye noMark I: Wajoyina i-WAVES, wahlela i-Mark I eHarvard ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II futhi wasakaza igama elithi 'bug'.
- Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe: Wakha i-compiler yokuqala (A-0) futhi wafaka isandla olimini lwe-Flow-Matic, wabeka izisekelo ze-COBOL kanye nohlelo lwesimanje.
- Ifa kanye nokuqashelwa: Wathola iziqu zobudokotela eziningi kanye nemiklomelo, waphefumulela uMgubho weGrace Hopper, futhi waqamba igama lombhubhisi, i-USS Hopper, ukuze amhloniphe.
UGrace Hopper wayengumuntu obalulekile emlandweni wekhompyutha, owaziwa ngokuthi "umama wohlelo ." Kuyo yonke impilo yakhe, akagcinanga ngokuguqula ubuchwepheshe kodwa futhi waphonsela inselelo imibono engafani ngobulili ngokuba ngomunye wabesifazane abanethonya elikhulu emkhakheni wakhe.
Njengoba enefa elikhulu eliqala ekudalweni kolimi lwe -COBOL kuya ekwethulweni komqondo "wesiphazamiso" ekubhaleni, indaba yakhe ibonisa kokubili ukuhlakanipha kwakhe okungaphakathi kanye nokuzimisela kwakhe okungenakunyakaziswa kokunqoba izithiyo zobuchwepheshe kanye nezenhlalo.
Iminyaka yokuqala kaGrace Hopper
UGrace Brewster Murray wazalwa ngoDisemba 9, 1906, eNew York City, emndenini onesiko eliqinile lezempi. Kusukela esemncane, wabonisa ilukuluku elimangalisayo , ehlukanisa amawashi ekhaya lakhe ukuze aqonde ukuthi asebenza kanjani. Lokhu kuthakasela ukusebenza kwangaphakathi kwezinto kwakuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sentshisekelo yakhe yesayensi nobunjiniyela.
Ngo-1928, waphothula iziqu zakhe zezibalo kanye nefiziksi eVassar College, ikolishi labesifazane elizimele. Ngemva kwalokho wathola iziqu zakhe ze-master's kwizibalo eYale University ngo-1930 kanye neziqu zobudokotela ngo-1934 ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-Øystein Ore. Kuzo zonke izifundo zakhe, wayesekelwa ngumndeni wakhe, ikakhulukazi uyise, owayekholelwa emathubeni alinganayo ezingane zakhe, kungakhathaliseki ubulili.
Ukungena kwakhe kuNavy kanye neMpi Yezwe II
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, uGrace Hopper wabhalisa kwi-Women's Naval Reserve Corps, eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-WAVES. Ngo-1944, waphothula njengomphathi wezempi e-Naval Reserve Midshipman School eSmith College. Wabelwa kwi -Bureau of Ships 'Computing Project eHarvard University, lapho asebenza khona nekhompyutha edumile iMark I , enye yeyokuqala yohlobo lwayo.
Kulesi sikhundla, uHopper wasebenzisana noHoward H. Aiken , benza izibalo futhi bahlela lo mshini oguqukayo. Washeshe waziveza ngekhono lakhe lokuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi , okwamenza waba ngumuntu wesithathu ukuhlela uMark I.
Umqondo othi "bug" ezinhlelweni
Ngo-1947, ngesikhathi besebenza kukhompyutha kaMark II , uHopper nethimba lakhe bathola ukwehluleka kohlelo okubangelwe yinundu elibanjwe kwenye yezindlela zokudlulisela ze-electromechanical. Le ndaba engavamile yaphawula isikhathi sokuqala lapho igama elithi "bug" lisetshenziswa ukuchaza amaphutha ezinhlelweni zekhompyutha. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, igama kanye nomqondo "wokulungisa amaphutha" kuye kwaba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlela.
Iminikelo yokuphayona: umdidiyeli wokuqala
Ngo-1949, uGrace Hopper wajoyina i- Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation , lapho asebenza khona ekuthuthukiseni i- UNIVAC I , ikhompyutha yokuqala yezentengiselwano. Ngesikhathi sakhe kule nkampani, wakha i -compiler yokuqala ngo-1952, eyahumusha ulimi lwabantu lwaba ikhodi yomshini, okwenza inqubo yokuhlela ibe lula kakhulu.
Lokhu kuthuthukiswa, okwaziwa ngokuthi i- A-0 compiler , kwabeka isisekelo sazo zonke izilimi zokuhlela zesimanje . UHopper uthe waklama i-compiler "ngobuvila ," njengoba ayefuna abahleli bezinhlelo bakwazi ukubuyela ekubeni ososayensi bezibalo esikhundleni sokuchitha isikhathi esiningi bebhala ikhodi eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuzalwa kwe-COBOL
Ngo-1959, uGrace Hopper wadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwe- COBOL (Ulimi Olujwayelekile Oluqondiswe Ebhizinisini), ulimi lokuhlela olwenzelwe ngqo izinhlelo zokusebenza zebhizinisi. Luphefumulelwe yi- Flow-Matic , uHopper ayelusungule ngaphambilini, lolu limi lwenza izinhlelo zokusebenza zaba lula kubantu abangenalo ulwazi oluthuthukisiwe lobuchwepheshe futhi lwenza isofthiwe yakwazi ukuphatheka kalula kuzo zonke izinhlelo zekhompyutha ezahlukene.
I-COBOL ibe nomthelela omkhulu, hhayi nje ngoba yenza kube lula ukuhlela, kodwa ngoba yavula umnyango wokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwamakhompyutha emkhakheni webhizinisi nowokuphatha.
Ukuqashelwa kanye nefa
Kuyo yonke impilo yakhe, uGrace Hopper wathola imiklomelo eminingi kanye nezindondo , okuhlanganisa iziqu zobudokotela ezingaphezu kuka-40 kanye neNational Medal of Technology ngo-1991. Wayengowesifazane wokuqala waseMelika okhethwe njengeDistinguished Fellow yiBritish Computer Society ngo-1973. Ngo-1986, wathatha umhlalaphansi eNavy enesikhundla sokuba yi- rear admiral , waba ngumuntu omdala kunabo bonke ukuthatha umhlalaphansi.
Ngo-1996, i-United States Navy yaqamba umbhubhisi i -USS Hopper ngokumhlonipha, yambiza ngokuthi "uMusa Omangalisayo ." Ithonya lakhe liyaqhubeka, hhayi nje ngeminikelo yakhe kwezobuchwepheshe kodwa nangomthelela abe nawo ekufakweni kwabesifazane emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe.
Kusukela ngo-1994, ingqungquthela ye-Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing ibilokhu ibanjwa minyaka yonke , umcimbi ozinikele ekukhuthazeni ukubamba iqhaza kwabesifazane kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqinisa ifa lale phayona elimangalisayo.
Umthelela kaGrace Hopper kwisayensi yamakhompyutha awunakulinganiswa. Ngenxa yomoya wakhe wokuqamba kanye nekhono lakhe lokunqoba izithiyo, waguqula uhlelo lwaba yisifundo esifinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu. Ifa lakhe lidlulela ngale komkhakha wezobuchwepheshe, lisebenza njengesibonelo sokuthi imingcele emisiwe eyinselele ingaholela kanjani ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kunoma iyiphi indawo yokuphila.
