Iyini i-FyneDesk: ideskithophu ye-Go evuselela i-Linux ne-BSD

Informatec Digital » Linux » Iyini i-FyneDesk: ideskithophu ye-Go evuselela i-Linux ne-BSD

Uma uzibuza ukuthi iyini i-FyneDesk, iyindawo yedeskithophu ye-Linux ne-BSD eyakhiwe nge- Fyne toolkit kanye nolimi lwe-Go , equkethe i-Material Design ehlanzekile, yesimanje, neqondakalayo. Ithimba layo—eliyingxenye yephrojekthi ye-Fyne uqobo—limemezele inguqulo yesibili enkulu enezithuthukisi eziningi, ubuhle obuhle kakhulu, kanye ne-API ye-Go module emsulwa yokwandisa ukusebenza kahle.

Ngaphandle nje kokuyenza ibukeke kahle, i-FyneDesk ihlose ukuba lula ukuyisebenzisa njengoba injalo ukuyithuthukisa nokuyinakekela, ukuze noma ubani angakwazi ukwenza ngezifiso ideskithophu yakhe ngendlela ayithandayo, futhi uma efisa, anikele ngqo kuphrojekthi . Kulesi sihloko, uzothola ukuthi iyini, ukuthi ifakwa kanjani, yiziphi izinto ezincike kuzo, izici ezintsha eziphawuleka kakhulu, imephu yendlela, kanye nezizathu zobuchwepheshe zokukhetha i-X11 kune-Wayland.

Iyini i-FyneDesk?

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-KDE Linux njenge-distro yenhloso ejwayelekile: isimo, amaphuzu abalulekile, kanye ne-ecosystem

I-FyneDesk iyindawo yedeskithophu yezinhlelo ze-Linux/Unix ezilandela izimiso ze-Material Design futhi yakhelwe ngokuphelele ku-Fyne toolkit, lapho i-Go njengolimi lwayo oluyinhloko. Umgomo wayo akukhona nje ukunikeza isikhombikubona esimnandi, kodwa futhi nokuba lula ukuyisebenzisa futhi kube lula kunjiniyela , ukunciphisa izithiyo zokufunda, ukuguqula, nokwandisa ideskithophu ngamamojula namawijethi.

Abathuthukisi bephrojekthi ngokwabo bayichaza njengendlela entsha yokuthi ideskithophu kufanele ibe yini: kulula ukuyiqonda, kulula ukuyivumelanisa, futhi ivulekele ukuthuthukiswa. Ifilosofi iwukuthi ungaba nedeskithophu oyicabangayo bese uyabelana ngayo nomphakathi, ubeke ukufunda nokuthuthukiswa kalula enhliziyweni yomklamo.

Izidingo kanye nokuncika

Ukuhlanganisa i-FyneDesk kudinga ukuncika okufanayo ne-Fyne, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubuyekeze amadokhumenti okuqala e-Fyne toolkit ukuze ulandele izinyathelo zokufaka ezifanele. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluphelele, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amathuluzi angaphandle athuthukisa ukuphathwa kwesistimu.

• arandr ukuguqula izilungiselelo zokubonisa.
• xbacklight o brightnessctl uma usebenzisa i-laptop futhi ufuna ukulungisa ukukhanya.
• connman-gtk ukuze usethe amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi.
• compton ukuze uthole ukwesekwa komqambi.

Ideskithophu ingaqala ngaphandle kwalezi zixhomekeki zesikhathi sokusebenza, kodwa ulwazi luzoncishiswa: izindawo ezithile ngeke zitholakale noma ngeke zisebenze kahle, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufaka izinsiza eziphakanyisiwe ukuze uthole okuningi kukho.

Izindlela zokufaka kanye zokwenza

Uma usebenzisa amathuluzi ajwayelekile e-Go, ungafaka i-FyneDesk ngqo kusuka kukhodi yomthombo. Le phrojekthi inikeza indlela ethi ' go install' yezinsiza zayo kanye nedeskithophu ngokwayo, kanye nekhono lokuhlanganisa indawo yokugcina nge-Git. Ngamanye amazwi, unendlela evamile yokusebenza kwe-Go ezandleni zakho kanye nendlela esheshayo yokwenza i-FyneDesk isebenze endaweni yakho.

Ukufakwa kuzobeka kanambambili kweyakho $GOPATH (ngokuvamile ku ~/go/bin). Ukusuka lapho kungenzeka ukuyiqhuba ngemodi "yokubuka kuqala" njengokungathi yinoma yiluphi uhlelo lwe-Fyne, nakuba kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lokhu akusho ukuthi usebenzisa umphathi wewindi; ukuze uyenze ibe ideskithophu yakho eyinhloko kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezengeziwe.

Ukuze uyisebenzise njengendawo yakho yasekhaya, ungayibhalisa njengedeskithophu ekhethekayo kumphathi wakho weseshini (isibonelo, i-LightDM). Ngemva kokusebenzisa imiyalo yokucushwa ehambisanayo nokuphuma ngemvume, uzobona i-FyneDesk ohlwini lwama-desktop oluvela esikrinini sokungena ngemvume.

Uma ukhetha ukusebenzisa izivivinyo ngaphandle kokuthinta iseshini yakho evamile, ungalayisha izingxenye ze-window manager endaweni ehlanganisiwe ye-X usebenzisa i-Xephyr . Uma i-Xephyr isifakiwe ohlelweni lwakho (ngokuvamile ifika ihlanganiswe ne-Xorg), ungasebenzisa umyalo ofanele kusuka kufolda echazwe yiphrojekthi bese uhlola ideskithophu ngaphakathi kwefasitela ngaphandle kokuthinta indawo yakho ebukhoma.

Uma usebenzisa umyalo lapho umphathi wefasitela esevele esebenza, noma uma wenza kanjalo ezinhlelweni ezingasekeli abaphathi befasitela (njengeWindows noma i-macOS), i-FyneDesk izoqala kumodi yokuhlola isikhombimsebenzisi. Uma ilayishiwe kule modi, uzokwazi ukubona cishe zonke izici ngaphandle kokulawula ifasitela, njengoba lezi zizovuleka kudeskithophu yakho eyinhloko.

Ideskithophu kufanele izinze ngokwedlulele, kodwa noma iyiphi isofthiwe esigabeni se-alpha noma se-beta ingakumangaza ngokuphahlazeka okungavamile. Ukuze unciphise ukuphazamiseka, kukhona insiza fynedesk_runner, isiqalisi esiqapha inqubo futhi, uma kwenzeka ukuphahlazeka, fynedesk_runner ikusiza ukuthi ubuyisele isimo ngaphandle kokulahleka kwedatha ezinhlelweni zakho zokusebenza. Ungayifaka ngamathuluzi e-Go ajwayelekile futhi uyisebenzise esikhundleni somyalo fynedesk lapho uhlola izinguqulo ezikhishwe ngaphambilini.

Yini entsha ekukhishweni okukhulu kwesibili

Ithimba le-FyneDesk lisebenze izinyanga eziningi ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwedeskithophu, ukukhulisa ukusebenza, nokwandisa ukuthembeka. Kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kukhishwa okukhulu ukwabelana ngezici ezintsha nomphakathi: le nguqulo yesibili enkulu ifaka izaziso zedeskithophu, amakhono esithombe-skrini, i-API yemodyuli ye-Go emsulwa , kanye nokwamukelwa kokubukeka okusha nomuzwa wethuluzi le-Fyne 2.0.

• Usekelo lwesaziso sedeskithophu.
• Ukudala i-API yokubhala amamojula ashumekiwe ku-FyneDesk.
• Ukulawula ivolumu nge-PulseAudio.
• Isithombe-skrini sedeskithophu newindi.
• Isiqalisi manje sisekela ama-URL, izibalo, nokulawula umsindo/ukukhanya.
• Usekelo lwefomethi yesithonjana se-XPM.
• Thepha kabili ibha yesihloko ukuze ukhulise.
• Hambisa imithelela emaphethelweni ewindi.
• Inketho yokusebenzisa ifomethi yesikhathi samahora angama-24.
• Hudula umngcele ukuze uphume kumodi ephezulu.
• Ukukhetha phakathi kukakhiye we-Alt kanye nokhiye we-Super/Win wezinqamuleli.
• Isikhombi samandla e-AC esimeni sebhethri.
• Inketho yokushintsha indawo yezinkinobho zomngcele.
• Ukusekelwa kwe-pseudo-transparency kwamatheminali e-X nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho okubonakalayo, kunemininingwane emincane esakazeke kudeskithophu enezela ikhwalithi: uhlobo olutholayo ngokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke olwenza konke kuhambe kahle, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuzama ukuzithola.

Ukubukeka nezindikimba

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwakamuva kwetimu ye-Fyne kanye nezinguquko kumklamo wewijethi yethreyi yesistimu (manje eseyimojula), ideskithophu ibukeka intsha futhi yesimanje. Kunezinhlobo ezimnyama nezikhanyayo zetimu ezenzakalelayo, futhi inguqulo 0.2 ibonise itimu emnyama ecwebezelayo kakhulu kuzithombe-skrini ezihambisana nesimemezelo esisemthethweni.

Phakathi kwemininingwane yansuku zonke ethakazelisayo kukhona ukucaca mbumbulu kwama-terminal e-X kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo, imiphumela yokuhambisa phezulu emaphethelweni efasiteleni, kanye nekhono lokukhulisa ngokuthepha kabili kubha yesihloko. Konke lokhu kuthinta okuncane kusiza indawo ukuthi izwakale ithambile futhi ihambisana ngaphandle kokuphazamisa isikhombimsebenzisi.

Izinqumo zezokwakha nezobuchwepheshe

I-FyneDesk ibhalwe ku-Go futhi iveza i-module API nayo ku-Go emsulwa, okwenza ukwelula ideskithophu kube lula njengokudala amawijethi kuzinhlelo zakho zokusebenza nge-Fyne. Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza, ukuqoqwa kukadoti kwe-Go sekuvuthiwe futhi kuvame ukuhlala kude nendlela, futhi lapho izakhiwo nama-buffers kuklanywe kahle, kugwema ukumiswa okucasulayo ngisho noma kusetshenziswa kakhulu.

Ngokuphathelene ne-graph stack, iphrojekthi okwamanje igxile ku- Wayland . Kungani? Ngoba i-X11 iyi-API elula, ephathekayo phakathi kwe-Linux ne-BSD, futhi inikeza ukuhambisana okungaphandle kwebhokisi namathuluzi amaningi akhona kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Wayland ilula kakhulu futhi iphoqa i-compositor ukuthi iphathe izingcezu eziningi ezengeziwe ukuze ifinyelele ukulingana kwesici. Uma umgomo wakho ukwakha indawo yedeskithophu hhayi enye i-compositor kusukela ekuqaleni, i-X11 ihlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yendlela futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ugxile kulokho okwenza i-DE yakho ibe yehlukile.

Ukwenza kube ngokwakho kanye nezinqamuleli

Ngokuphathelene nokwenza ngokwezifiso, i-FyneDesk ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ukuthi ukhiye wakho oyinhloko wesinqamuleli yi-Alt noma i-Win/Super, okuyinto abasebenzisi abaningi abayithola kulula ukuyivumelanisa nenkumbulo yabo yemisipha. Ungashintsha futhi indawo yezinkinobho zomngcele, usethe isikhathi sibe yifomethi yamahora angu-24, bese uphuma kwimodi ekhulisiwe ngokuhudula umngcele , wengeze ulwazi lokuxhumana olungokwemvelo nolusheshayo.

Isiqalisi sesihlakaniphe kakhulu: sibona ama-URL, senza izibalo ezilula, futhi sikuvumela ukuthi ulawule umsindo nokukhanya okuvela ebhokisini lokusesha ngokwalo. Ngaphezu kokulawula ivolumu nge-PulseAudio nokwesekwa kokukhanya kumakhompyutha aphathekayo ane xbacklight o brightnessctl, ukugxila ekwenzeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke kuyabonakala ishesha kakhulu futhi ayihlaseli kancane.

Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke kwe-laptop, isibonakaliso samandla e-AC esimweni sebhethri siwusizo kakhulu, futhi uma uphatha amafasitela, ukuthepha kabili ukuze usebenzise kakhulu nokuhudula ukuze uphume kwimodi ethuthukisiwe kuyizimpawu ezithuthukisa ukugeleza. Izinguquko ezincane, yebo, kodwa lezo ozophinda uzisebenzise ngaphandle kokucabanga, futhi yilapho ideskithophu izuza khona ku-ergonomics.

Ukuhlanganisa, ukupakishwa kanye nokwengeziwe

Uma uhlela ukufaka i-FyneDesk njengedeskithophu ezenzakalelayo ekusabalaliseni noma ukuyishiya itholakala njengenketho evamile, iphrojekthi inikeza izincomo ezithile. Akudingekile ukupakisha ilabhulali yekhithi yamathuluzi noma okuncikile, kodwa baphakamisa ukungeza uhlelo lokusebenza. fin (github.com/fyshos/fin) njengomphathi wokubonisa, kusukela Ihambisana nokubukeka kweFyneDesk kahle kakhulu. futhi igcina ukuhambisana okubonakalayo.

Ngasohlangothini lobuhle, imiqondo yokuklama kanye nezizinda ezithile ezingabonakali zanikezwa nguJost Grant, imininingwane eqinisa ukuzibophezela ekubonakaleni okucacile nokwesimanje okubonakalayo. Ekugcineni, noma ngabe ideskithophu ingaba yobuchwepheshe kangakanani, ukunaka imininingwane ebonakalayo okwenza ufune ukuhlala isikhathi eside.

I-ecosystem ezungeze i-FyneDesk ifaka nokuba khona kwayo ku-FyshOS kanye newebhusayithi yephrojekthi ephethwe ku-GitHub Pages (enesihloko sika-mattgraham). Ukusuka lapho, bakukhuthaza ukuthi uqalise ngokushesha okukhulu futhi uxhumeke kwezinye izibonelo zetimu, kufaka phakathi ukukhanya okujwayelekile kanye nokwehluka okumnyama, ukuze uthole umbono wokubukeka kanye nomuzwa ngisho nangaphambi kokufaka.

Imephu yomgwaqo kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo

Ithimba ligcina umhlahlandlela womphakathi ku-GitHub Wiki ngezinhlelo ezinkulu. Izici ezibalulekile zokukhishwa okuzayo zifaka phakathi ama-desktop abonakalayo, isikrini sokukhiya, kanye nomphathi wenethiwekhi ohlanganisiwe. Ngemuva kwalokhu kukhishwa okukhulu, bahlose futhi ukuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusethwa kwe-multi-monitor ukuze bakwenze kube okuphelele futhi kube lula ukuyisebenzisa, kanye nezinye izithuthukisi zekhwalithi yempilo.

Uma isiphakamiso sikukhanga, bavulelekile ukuthi ujoyine futhi unikele. Kusukela ekuhlolweni nasekuphenduleni kuya kukhodi namadokhumenti, noma yiluphi usizo lwamukelekile ukubasiza bafeze imigomo yabo. Futhi njengoba i-API yemojuli iyi-Go kuphela, uma usuvele usebenza no-Fyne ezinhlelweni zakho zokusebenza, ukwenza isinyathelo sokwandisa ideskithophu kuzozwakala kungokwemvelo kakhulu.

Ubani i-FyneDesk?

Kubasebenzisi be-Linux ne-BSD abafuna ideskithophu elula, ehlangene ene-Material Design eyenziwe kahle. Uma uyayazisa i-interface ehlanzekile ngaphandle kokudela izici eziwusizo zansuku zonke (izaziso, ukukhanya okusheshayo nokulawula umsindo, izithombe-skrini, njll.), nansi inketho ebeka phambili ubulula ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni amandla.

Kwabathuthukisi be-Go abafuna ideskithophu enwebekayo. Amamojula e-API kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-Fyne kwenza ukudala amawijethi noma imisebenzi emisha kube lula njengokuzakhela izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza; ukufunda kuyabiwa futhi umzamo uyasetshenziswa, ukuze ukwazi ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngaphandle kokusungula kabusha isondo.

Kumaphasela nama-distros afuna i-DE enendlela ecacile yokuhlanganisa. Ngenxa ye-X11, ukuhambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhona kubanzi, namathuluzi afana nalokhu fynedesk_runner Benza lula ukuhlolwa kwezinguqulo zangaphambilini ngaphandle kokudalula umsebenzisi wokugcina ekuphahlazekeni, ngoba ukusiza ukubuyisela isimo ngemva kokwehluleka ngokusobala.

Imibuzo esheshayo namathiphu okusebenzisa

Ingabe iyasebenza ngaphandle kwamathuluzi angaphandle anconyiwe? Yebo, i-FyneDesk iyaqala futhi ingasetshenziswa, kodwa ezinye izindawo ngeke zisebenze kahle; ulwazi ngeke lufane. Uma ufuna konke kusebenze kahle, faka i-arandr, i-compton, i-connman-gtk , kanye nomphathi wakho wokukhanya owuthandayo.

Ngingayizama ngaphandle kokushintsha isikhathi sami? Yebo, nge Xephyr Ungayisebenzisa efasiteleni elishumekiwe futhi uzilolonge ngaphandle kokuthinta ideskithophu yakho yangempela. Kuwusizo kakhulu kuzibuyekezo ezisheshayo noma ukubonisa abanye ukuthi kusebenza kanjani. Ukuze uthole ukuthula kwengqondo okwengeziwe, ukuhlolwa nomgijimi uma usezinguqulo zangaphambilini.

Kwenzekani uma ngiyivula lapho umphathi wewindi esevele esebenza khona, noma ku-macOS/Windows? Ideskithophu ingena kwimodi yokuhlola i-UI. Uzobona cishe konke okuhlobene nesixhumi esibonakalayo, kodwa ukulawula iwindi kukhutshaziwe, futhi amafasitela azovuleka kudeskithophu yakho eyinhloko. Kuyindlela ephephile yokuhlola izici ngaphandle kokuphazamisa iseshini yakho.

Zivikela kanjani ekuweni? Nge fynedesk_runnerUma kwenzeka ukuphahlazeka, lolu hlelo lokusebenza luzama ukuqalisa lapho ogcine khona ukuze ungalahlekelwa idatha kuzinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ezivuliwe. Lapho uhlola izakhiwo ezintsha noma amagatsha okuthuthukiswa, yethula i-FyneDesk nomgijimi kuwumdlalo onengqondo kakhulu.

I-FyneDesk ihlanganisa isisekelo esiqinile sobuchwepheshe ku-Go, i-API ye-modular ekhuthaza ukusebenza okwandayo, kanye nokugxila kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi okubonakala ezenzweni zansuku zonke; kuhlanganiswe nezinqumo ezisebenzayo njengokukhetha i-X11, manje eseyindlela ecacile, iba inketho ekhangayo kakhulu kulabo abafuna ideskithophu yesimanje, eguquguqukayo elungele ukuthuthuka nomphakathi.