- Ukuhlanganisa i-SSD ne-RAM eyengeziwe kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvuselela i-PC endala.
- Ukuhlanzwa kahle kwesofthiwe kanye nesistimu yokupholisa kuvimbela izithiyo kanye nokushisa ngokweqile.
- Ukuvuselela abashayeli nokusebenzisa kabusha amadiski amadala njengesitoreji sangaphandle kwandisa impilo yemishini.
Uma ideskithophu noma i-laptop yakho kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuqalisa, iqina ngemva kokuvula amathebhu ambalwa esiphequluli, noma udinga ukwenza ikhofi ngenkathi ikhasi lewebhu lilayisha, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzisa umshini ongenza kangcono kakhulu. Awudingi njalo ukuthenga i-PC entsha ukuze ubone intuthuko enkulu yesivinini kanye nokuphendula ; ngokuvamile, ukulungisa izilungiselelo zesofthiwe nehadiwe ezifanele kanye nokulandela izifundo zehadiwe ze-laptop kwanele.
Ngaphambi kokufaka ithawula bese ufaka esikhwameni sakho semali, kufanelekile ukubukeza ukuthi yini engalungiswa. Ihadiwe ebhekwa njenge "endala" (2012, 2013, 2016…) isanele ngokuphelele izinhlelo zokusebenza zehhovisi, ukuphequlula, i-multimedia, ngisho nemidlalo ethile, uma nje ilungiswe kahle futhi ithola ukunakekelwa okuncane. Ake sikubheke ngokuthula nangesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, sihlanganisa izibonelo zangempela nezincomo ezisebenzayo.
Kungani ihadiwe yakho endala ihamba kancane kangaka (yize "ngokwethiyori" yanele)?
Iningi labasebenzisi lifinyelela iphuzu elifanayo: i-laptop noma ideskithophu yabo iyaqala, ivula i-Windows 10 ngaphandle kwamaphutha, futhi ngokomthetho "konke kuyasebenza ," kodwa ulwazi luyakhungathekisa. Ukushintsha phakathi kwamathebhu esiphequluli kuyanqamuka, ukuvula ifayela kuthatha imizuzu, futhi uma uzama ukudlala imidlalo, izinga lohlaka liyehla.
Izimbangela zivame ukuphindaphinda: ama-hard drive asebenza kancane kakhulu (ama-HDD), i-RAM enganele, abashayeli abaphelelwe yisikhathi, isofthiwe eningi kakhulu ekuqaleni, kanye nothuli oluthile olubangela ukushisa ngokweqile. Konke lokhu, kanye nesistimu yokusebenza engakaze ithuthukiswe, kwenza ngisho neprosesa enhle ibonakale imbi kakhulu kunalokho eyikho ngempela.
Isibonelo esijwayelekile i-laptop yesimanje kodwa engalingani kahle, njenge-notebook ene-Intel Core i7, i-hard drive yomshini, kanye ne-RAM engu-8 GB. Ephepheni, ingumshini onamandla, kodwa empeleni, iyahlupheka lapho kwenziwa imisebenzi eminingi noma usebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amandla amaningi , futhi ngisho nemidlalo elula ayisebenzi kahle ngenxa yokuntuleka kokwenziwa ngcono. Kwezinye izimo, ukuzama izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilula kungasiza.
Esinye isibonelo esivamile amakhompyutha amadala edeskithophu, njengalawo aneprosesa ye -Intel Core i5 yesizukulwane sesithathu, i-RAM engu-4 GB, kanye ne-hard drive engu-250 GB . Le nhlanganisela, evame kakhulu kumamodeli ka-2012-2013, inenkinga nge-Windows 10: kuthatha umzuzu owodwa ukuqala, imizuzwana engaphezu kweyi-10 ukuvula ikhasi lewebhu, ukususa ukucindezela ifayela elikhulu kungathatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-3, kanti imidlalo yakamuva isebenza ngamanani aphansi kakhulu ozimele.
Noma kunjalo, lolo hlobo lwe-PC alulahleki. Ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuncane, lungaguqulwa lube umshini osheshayo wokusebenza kude, i-multimedia, ngisho ne-rig yokudlala ye-1080p enhle enezilungiselelo eziphakathi , uma nje wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyilungise nokuthi ilandelana kanjani, futhi ubheke izibuyekezo zehadiwe zangempela.
Izinyathelo zokuqala: ukwenza ngcono isofthiwe ngaphambi kokushintsha izingxenye
Ngaphambi kokuthi uphuthume uyothenga izingxenye, kufanelekile ukuhlola zonke intuthuko ongazenza ngokuchofoza okumbalwa. Kunemisebenzi eminingi yokulungisa isofthiwe nokuhlanza engavuselela kakhulu ikhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngisho nesenti.
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuhlola izilungiselelo zakho zokuqalisa i-Windows. Izinhlelo eziningi ziyazilungiselela ukuthi ziqalise ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokuqaphela , zisebenzisa inkumbulo kanye ne-CPU kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukukhubaza lokho ongakudingi kunganciphisa isikhathi sokuqalisa imizuzwana eminingi futhi kukhulule izinsiza zokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.
Isinyathelo sesibili ukusebenzisa i-antivirus scan kanye nethuluzi elithembekile lokulwa ne-malware. I-laptop ehamba kancane ivame ukuba ne-adware, amabha wamathuluzi esiphequluli, izandiso ezingenamsebenzi, noma ngisho ne-malware eqoqa izinsiza ngemuva. Ukuhlanza okuphelele kungenza umehluko omkhulu, ikakhulukazi emishinini engakagcinwa iminyaka eminingi.
Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza kanye nabashayeli kusesikhathini . Abashayeli bekhadi lehluzo, i-chipset, noma inethiwekhi abaphelelwe yisikhathi bangabangela ukuphahlazeka, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma bamane banciphise ulwazi lwakho, ikakhulukazi emidlalweni noma ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-GPU. Ukuhlola ukuqina kwe-Secure Boot kanye ne-firmware kuyanconywa uma usebenza ne-BIOS kanye ne-firmware endala.
Okokugcina, hlanza kahle isitoreji sakho: susa izinhlelo ongazisebenzisi, amafayela esikhashana, abafaki abadala, amakhophi aphindaphindwayo, nanoma yini enye ethatha isikhala . I-hard drive ecishe igcwale iba kancane kakhulu, futhi i-SSD egcwele nayo ilahlekelwa ukusebenza okubonakalayo. Futhi, uma uthutha amadiski, funda ukuthi ungayiguqula kanjani idiski ye-MBR ibe yi-GPT ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokuqalisa ezinhlelweni zesimanje.
Uma ngemuva kokwenza le misebenzi eyisisekelo usathola i-PC yakho ingasebenzi kahle, sekuyisikhathi sokucabanga ngokuthuthukiswa kwehadiwe. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi eziningi zalezi zingxenye (i-RAM, i-SSD, ikhadi lehluzo elizinikele) zingangezwa noma zishintshwe kalula futhi ngentengo ephansi , ikakhulukazi kumakhompyutha edeskithophu, kodwa kungenzeka futhi kuma-laptop amaningi.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-PC endala ngokugcwele: i-SSD, i-RAM, nokuningi
Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okuphawulekayo, izinguquko ezimbili ezibalulekile ukwengeza i-SSD nokuthuthukisa i-RAM yakho . Ngemuva kwalokho, uma unesifiso sokudlala imidlalo, ungase ucabangele ukwengeza ikhadi lehluzo elizinikele kukhompyutha yakho yedeskithophu.
Ukungeza i-SSD: ukuthuthukiswa okunomthelela omkhulu
Kumakhompyutha amadala, kuvamile ukuthola i-HDD eyodwa kuphela. Le hard drive eyodwa iyisithiyo esikhulu sohlelo : yehlisa ijubane lokuqalisa, ukulayisha izinhlelo, ukudluliselwa kwamafayela, kanye cishe nayo yonke imisebenzi yokufaka/yokukhipha. Bona ukuthi ungagwema kanjani amaphutha lapho ufaka i-SSD ukuze inqubo ibe bushelelezi.
Isu eliphumelela kakhulu ukufaka i-SSD yesistimu yokusebenza kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza , bese wehlisa i-hard drive endala esikhundleni sendawo yokugcina amadokhumenti, izithombe, ama-backups, njll. I-SSD ingaba yi-SATA yakudala (2,5") noma i-NVMe uma ikhompyutha yakho iyisekela, kodwa ngisho ne-SATA SSD eyisisekelo imele igxathu elikhulu phambili uma kuqhathaniswa ne-HDD; uma unokungabaza, bheka umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ze-SATA.
Embhoshongweni ka-2013 ongenawo i-SSD, ushintsho luyamangalisa: ukusuka esikhathini sokuqalisa somzuzu owodwa kuya cishe kumasekhondi angu-20-25 kuyinto engokoqobo ngokuphelele , futhi ukuvula ikhasi lewebhu kungancipha kusuka kumasekhondi angu-12 kuya ngaphezudlwana nje kwemibili. Lonke uhlelo luzwakala lulula kakhulu, njengokungathi ushintshe amakhompyutha ngaphandle kokuthinta iprosesa.
Inqubo ebonakalayo ilula kuma-PC edeskithophu: faka i-SSD ku-bay noma i-adaptha, xhuma ikhebula ledatha le-SATA kanye nekhebula lamandla elivela kugesi, ulifake ngesikulufu, bese usuqedile. Kuma-laptop, ngokuvamile kuhilela ukufaka i-HDD esikhundleni se-SSD kuthreyi efanayo noma, uma unenhlanhla, ukuyifaka ku-bay yesibili noma i-M.2 slot.
Ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa idatha yakho noma ukufaka kabusha konke, ungakopisha i-hard drive yakho endala ku-SSD. Kuneziteshi ezimbili zokufaka ama-docking ezikuvumela ukuthi ukopishe ama-drive angu-2,5" no-3,5" nge-USB 3.0 enokusebenza kokufaka ama-cloning okuzimele — okuyisithasiselo esiwusizo kakhulu uma wenza lolu hlobo lokusebenza njalo noma ufuna ukusebenzisa kabusha ama-drive amadala. Ungacabanga futhi ngokuguqula i-PC yakho ibe yi-Linux kusuka ku-USB drive uma ufuna enye indlela elula kunesistimu yokusebenza yokuqala.
Nweba i-RAM yakho: ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi ngaphandle kokulibala
Esinye isithiyo esikhulu sama-PC amaningi amadala ukuntuleka kwememori. I-Windows 10 iqala nge-4 GB ye-RAM, kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho uvula isiphequluli, uhlelo lokusebenza oludingayo, noma umdlalo olula, uhlelo luqala ukuthembela kufayela lekhasi futhi konke kuyehla.
Uma ibhodi lakho lomama linezikhala zamahhala (njengoba kunjalo emibhoshongweni eminingi enezikhala ezintathu ezingenalutho kanye nemoduli eyodwa engu-4GB efakiwe), kungcono ukwengeza okungenani enye engu-4GB ye-RAM efanayo noma ehambisanayo . Ungabheka incwadi yakho yomama noma ama-memory configurators aku-inthanethi ukuze ukhethe imodeli efanele (i-DDR3, i-DDR4, imvamisa, kanye ne-voltage).
Kumakhompyutha edeskithophu, ukuthuthukisa i-RAM kuvame ukuba yindaba yokuvula ikesi, ukuthola izikhala zamahhala, nokufaka ngokucophelela imojuli entsha, ukuvumelanisa i-notch nokucindezela kuze kube yilapho amathebhu aseceleni echofoza endaweni yawo . Ama-laptop avame ukuba nesembozo esikhethekile phansi esivumela ukufinyelela kumamojuli futhi senze kube lula ukuwashintsha.
Nge-RAM engu-8 GB, ikhompyutha ebinenkinga ngamathebhu amaningi esiphequluli noma ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi kalula iba lula kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ehhovisi, izingcingo zevidiyo, ukuphequlula, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-multimedia . Uma usebenza ngokuhlela izithombe/amavidiyo noma imishini ebonakalayo, ukuthuthukela ku-16 GB nakho kwenza umehluko ophawulekayo, ikakhulukazi kuma-PC amasha.
Ikhadi lehluzo elizinikele: ukuguqula i-PC "ejwayelekile" ibe umshini wokudlala
Kulabo abafuna ukudlala imidlalo, isinyathelo esilandelayo esinengqondo yi-GPU. Amakhompyutha amaningi aseminyakeni eyishumi edlule athembele kuphela kuzithombe ezihlanganisiwe ku-processor , okwanele izinhlelo zokusebenza zehhovisi namavidiyo, kodwa kuncane kakhulu emidlalweni yesimanje.
Ukwengeza ikhadi lehluzo elizinikele, ngisho nemodeli yesizukulwane esiphakathi noma esedlule, kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwemidlalo. Awudingi i-GPU esezingeni lomdlandla ukuze udlale kahle izihloko ezidumile njenge-Fortnite, i-Valorant, noma eminye imidlalo ye-esports , ikakhulukazi uma ulungisa isixazululo kanye nezilungiselelo zehluzo. Futhi, hlola umhlahlandlela wethu wemidlalo ye-PC engcono kakhulu ye-low-spec yezihloko ezisebenza kahle emishinini ephansi.
Kodwa-ke, kuneziningana amaphuzu okufanele uwahlole ngaphambi kokuthenga: usayizi ongokoqobo wekhadi (ukuthi liyafanelana nawe), ukuhambisana nebhodi lomama (isikhala se-PCIe esifanele), kanye namandla kagesi wakho . Umthombo wamandla omdala, osezingeni eliphansi ungase ungakwazi ukusingatha amakhadi athile ehluzo esimanje.
Esimweni sangempela esine-PC ethuthukisiwe ene-SSD, i-RAM eningi, kanye nekhadi lehluzo elizinikezele elingabizi, ungagxuma kusuka cishe ku-17 fps ku-Fortnite konke kusethwe okungenani kuya ku-80 fps ngezilungiselelo ezinhle kakhulu. Lokhu kuyintuthuko enkulu ekubushelelezini nasekucwilisweni, ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu kunokwakha i-PC entsha kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ukuthuthukisa ama-laptop amadala: lokho ongakwenza ngaphandle kokushintsha ikhompyutha yakho
Ama-laptop angase abonakale “engaguquki kangako,” kodwa empeleni, amaningi asekela okungenani ukuthuthukiswa okubili okubalulekile: ukunwetshwa kwe-SSD ne-RAM . Lokho, kuhlanganiswe nokuhlanzwa kwesofthiwe okuhle, kungandisa isikhathi sawo sokuphila ngeminyaka eminingana.
Uma i-laptop yakho ye-Windows 10 inenkinga ngisho nokuvula amathebhu ambalwa esiphequluli noma ukushintsha kancane phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, qala ngezinto eziyisisekelo: khubaza izinhlelo zokuqala, susa i-bloatware, buyekeza abashayeli, bese uhlanza amafayela esikhashana . Abakhiqizi abaningi bafaka izinto ezisetshenziswayo kusengaphambili ezinikeza izinzuzo ezincane futhi zonakalise ukusebenza kuphela; cabanga ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza okufanele ulufake uma ikhompyutha yakho inomkhawulo omkhulu.
Uma usuyilungisile kahle isofthiwe, bheka imininingwane: i-i7 yaseminyakeni embalwa edlule ene-HDD kanye ne-RAM engu-4-8 GB ingaguqulwa ngokushintshela kwi-SSD nokuthuthukisa imemori . Iprosesa ivame ukuba ngaphezu kokwanele kulezi zimo; inkinga ikwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Uma ufuna umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ungabona ukuthi ungayivuselela kanjani i-PC nge-Q4OS.
Kuma-laptop, ukushintsha kusuka ku-HDD kuya ku-SSD cishe kuyishintsho eliphawuleka kakhulu: ukuqala kabusha okusheshayo, ukuvulwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivamile ngokushesha, kanye nesikhathi esincane sokungasebenzi phakathi kwemisebenzi . Ukwengeza i-RAM kusiza ukuvimbela uhlelo ukuthi ludle isikhala sediski njalo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza okuningi kanye nokuzinza.
Noma kunjalo, kuhlale kunomkhawulo. Uma i-laptop yakho inesistimu yokupholisa eyisisekelo noma ikhadi lehluzo elihlanganisiwe eliphelelwe yisikhathi , ungalindeli ukuyiguqula ibe yi-PC yokudlala esezingeni eliphezulu. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile, imisebenzi yasehhovisi, ukusakaza ividiyo, kanye nemidlalo engadingi sidingo, ukuthuthukiswa kungase kwanele ukugwema ukuthenga entsha.
Kunini lapho kunengqondo khona ukugcina nokuthuthukisa i-PC yokudlala?
Okuphambene nalokho kuvamile: i-PC yesimanje, eyenzelwe imidlalo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ezwakala ihamba kancane futhi iqala ukuba nezinkinga. Isibonelo, uhlelo olune-Intel Core i5 yesizukulwane se-11, i-RTX 3060 Ti, i-RAM engu-32 GB, i-SSD engu-250 GB, kanye ne-HDD engu-2 TB , eyakhiwe eminyakeni engu-2-3 edlule.
Ephepheni, kuyilungiselelo elinamandla kakhulu, elikwazi ukusebenzisa imidlalo yamanje ngekhwalithi ephezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona ukuthi imidlalo isiqalile ukusebenza kabi ngisho nasezilungiselelweni zezithombe eziphansi, noma ukuthi i-PC yakho iyawa kaningi , inkinga ngokuvamile akuyona ukuntuleka kwamandla aluhlaza.
Kulezi zimo, ezinye izici kudingeka zicatshangelwe: amazinga okushisa e-CPU kanye ne-GPU (ukushisa ngokweqile okungenzeka), isimo se-SSD, abashayeli bamakhadi ehluzo, inguqulo ye-BIOS, kanye nokuzinza kokunikezwa kwamandla . Ihadiwe ngokwayo ingcono kakhulu, ngakho-ke isihluthulelo ukulungiswa.
Hlola ukuthi uhlelo lokupholisa (isibonelo, i-Corsair AIO liquid cooler) lusebenza kahle, ukuthi amafeni awavalwanga uthuli, nokuthi amazinga okushisa angaphansi komthwalo ahlala ngaphakathi kwemingcele efanele. Ukushisa okweqile kungabangela ukugoba kokushisa, ukuphahlazeka, kanye nokwehla okungazelelwe kwe-FPS.
Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukukhulula isikhala ku-SSD, ukuhambisa imidlalo engasetshenziswa njalo ku-HDD, nokubuyekeza ama-chipset, ama-GPU, kanye nama-BIOS drivers ebhodi le-TUF Z590-plus. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lokulungisa lubuyisela uhlelo ekusebenzeni kwalo kwasekuqaleni ngaphandle kokudinga ukufaka esikhundleni izingxenye ezinkulu.
Ukugcinwa ngokomzimba: uthuli, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezingxenye
Ngaphandle kwesofthiwe nezingxenye ezibalulekile, kunesici abantu abaningi abangasinaki: ukuhlanzeka ngokomzimba kwemishini . Uthuli nokungcola okuqongelelwe eminyakeni edlule kungavimba amafeni, ama-heatsink, kanye nama-vents, kukhuphule amazinga okushisa futhi kuphoqe uhlelo ukuthi lwehlise imvamisa yalo ukuze lugweme ukushisa ngokweqile.
Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele uhlanze ngesiphethu njalo: vula izivalo zemibhoshongo noma ze-laptop, sebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe owomile, amabhulashi athambile kanye nama-wipes afanele ukususa ukungcola kumafeni, ama-heat sink, ama-filter kanye nezindawo zokungenisa/zokuphuma komoya.
Kumakhompyutha edeskithophu, lokhu kulungiswa kulula futhi kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ama-laptop adinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe, kodwa kusanconywa uma nje ukuwavula kungaphuthi iwaranti. Umoya ongcono awuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kodwa futhi wandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwezingxenye.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ushintsha ama-hard drive noma uthuthukisa isitoreji, ungamane ulahle ihadiwe endala. I-HDD ongasayifuni njengoba idrayivu yakho eyinhloko ingaphinde isetshenziswe njengedrayivu yangaphandle kusetshenziswa i-enclosure engu-2,5" noma engu-3,5" enoxhumano lwe-USB 3.0. Kuyindlela eshibhile futhi ewusizo yokuba nesikhala esengeziwe sama-backup, ama-movie, noma amafayela amakhulu.
Uma usebenzisa nesiteshi sokufaka idatha esikabili esinokusebenza kokuhlanganisa idatha, ungathutha kalula okuqukethwe kusuka kudiski eyodwa uye kwenye bese usebenzisa kabusha wonke lawo madiski amadala ukuze wenze amakhophi noma ukushintshana kwedatha okusheshayo phakathi kwamakhompyutha amaningi.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphepha kwesistimu kanye nempilo, ungakhohlwa ukuqhubeka nokwenza ukuhlanza isofthiwe njalo: sebenzisa ukuskena ama-antivirus, ubuyekeze izinhlelo ezifakiwe ongasazisebenzisi, hlola ukuthi isiphequluli sakho asigcwele izandiso ze-junk , futhi ugcine yonke indawo yakho yokushayela isesikhathini.
Ngakho konke lokhu, ngisho ne-PC ebonakala sengathi ihloselwe inqwaba yezinsalela ingaqhubeka nokunikeza isevisi iminyaka eminingi: yokuxhumana ngocingo, i-multimedia, izifundo noma njengekhompyutha yesibili ekhaya , enezinga lokuphendula elingaphezu kokwamukeleka ngokweminyaka yayo.
Uma uhlanganisa ukwenza ngcono isofthiwe, ukufaka esikhundleni se-hard drive nge-SSD, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-RAM okunengqondo, kanye nokunaka okuthile ekuhlanzeni nasekuphefumuleni, ulwazi lushintsha ngokuphelele: izikhathi zokuqalisa ziba ngokushesha, izinhlelo zokusebenza ziphendula cishe ngokushesha, ukuphequlula akusakhungathekisi, futhi ngisho nemidlalo isebenza kahle kwihadiwe, yize "iyinto yakudala," isenokuphila okuningi kuyo. Uma usebenza namakhompyutha amadala kakhulu, ungabona nokuthi ungayivuselela kanjani iWindows XP ngokuphepha kweLinux.
